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Sochi, resort
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Russia is a country in two parts of the world, a state whose territory covers the sandy Baltic spit and the rocky islands of Chukotka, stretches from the northern Arctic latitudes to the subtropics. Russia has unimaginable wealth - cultural and historical heritage, protected forests and untouched spaces. The elegant streets of St. Petersburg and the architectural monuments of Kaliningrad compete with the architecture of ancient cities - multi-domed churches and merchant houses, and the beaches of the Black Sea coast compete with the northern forests of Karelia and the ridges of the Ural Mountains.
Geography
Russia is the largest country on our planet by area, occupying 17.1 million square kilometers. The state is located in Eurasia and covers both parts of the continent. About a third of Russia's territory is located in Eastern Europe, and the rest belongs to northern Asia. Russian shores are washed by the waters of 12 seas belonging to the Arctic, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the waters of the endorheic Caspian Sea.
Russia lies on large platforms, so its topography is predominantly flat. In the west of the country stretches the undulating Central Russian Plain, separated by the ridge of the Ural Mountains from the Siberian Plateau. In the south of Russia there are the Caucasus mountain systems with highest point countries - Mount Elbrus, Sayan and Altai. In the Far East, the peaks of extinct and active volcanoes soar upward.
There are about 2.5 million rivers and 3 million lakes in Russia. Most rivers are flat in nature, but there are also turbulent mountain rivers in Russia with rocky, rapids beds. The country's largest rivers are the Ob, Lena, Irtysh, Yenisei and Volga. The lake region of Russia - Karelia, is located here largest lakes Europe – Ladoga and Onega, in Eastern Siberia The deepest lake on the planet is located - Baikal.
The flora of Russia - the velvet of mosses and lichens in the taiga tundra, coniferous forests encircling glacial lakes Karelia, oak forests and birch groves, feather grass and fescue steppes, broad-leaved Far Eastern forests, subtropical flora on the Black Sea coast. Nature protection zones have been created in Russia, 42 operate national parks, 71 reserves.
Climate
The territory of Russia covers several climatic zones: Arctic and subarctic on the shores of the Arctic Ocean and in the northern regions, temperate, subtropical on the Black Sea coast. However, most of the country is characterized by a climate of temperate latitudes: continental, temperate continental, sharply continental and monsoon in the Far East.
In general, Russia has a long, snowy and cold winter. Depending on the region, average January temperatures range from 6 to −50 °C. Summer in most of Russia is moderately warm with an average temperature from 1 °C in the northern regions to 25 °C on the Black Sea coast.
Time
The territory of Russia covers 11 time zones:
Kaliningrad time - MSK−1 (UTC+2)
Moscow time - MSK (UTC+3)
Samara time - MSK+1 (UTC+4)
Ekaterinburg time - MSK+2 (UTC+5)
Omsk time - MSK+3 (UTC+6)
Krasnoyarsk time - MSK+4 (UTC+7)
Irkutsk time - MSK+5 (UTC+8)
Yakut time - MSK+6 (UTC+9)
Vladivostok time - MSK+7 (UTC+10)
Central Kolyma time - MSK+8 (UTC+11)
Kamchatka time - MSK+9 (UTC+12)
Language
Official language of Russia: Russian. Subjects of the Russian Federation have the right to establish state and official languages, used on a par with Russian. Most common foreign languages in Russia - Ukrainian, Belarusian and German. English language widely used in business and tourism as a means of international communication, mainly in large cities.
Population
The population of Russia is 142 million people. About 80% of the population are Russians. In total, representatives of more than 200 nationalities and nationalities live in the country.
Currency
Official currency: ruble (RUB).
Customs regulations
Undeclared import and export of currency is limited to an amount equivalent to 10,000USD. Duty-free import of goods for personal consumption is limited - alcohol and cigarettes: a liter of alcohol, up to 50 cigars or cigarillos, or 200 cigarettes, or 250 grams of tobacco, as well as goods and things for personal use: clothing, toiletries, jewelry, photographic and film equipment .
Jewelry, artistic and cultural values, works of art, psychotropic and potent medicinal substances, ammunition and weapons are subject to mandatory declaration.
Connection
Services in Russia cellular communications are provided by more than a hundred operators, the largest of which are the so-called “Big Three” - mobile operators MTS, Megafon and Beeline. The remaining companies have a significantly smaller number of clients and provide services in certain regions. SIM cards from the Big Three operators can be purchased everywhere - in stores, mobile phone stores, and post offices.
Russia's telephone code is +7.
To call Russia on a mobile phone, dial +7-subscriber number***
Mains voltage
Mains voltage 220 volts.
Tourism
Russia has opportunities for any type of tourism. The rich historical heritage has served to create excursion routes and educational tours; the long Black Sea coast, a traditional region of beach and active recreation, is rapidly developing ski resorts Russia. One of the main types of tourism in the country is health tourism. Over the centuries, a system of resort treatment has been developing in Russia - sanatoriums and spa hotels operate on sources of mineral waters, healing mud, and in places with a favorable climate.
Traditions/peculiarities. Russia has preserved many customs and traditions that go back centuries. Every spring in large cities and very small settlements they say goodbye to winter on a grand scale - they bake pancakes and burn a straw effigy of Maslenitsa, in the summer in the villages they celebrate Ivan Kupala Day, but most importantly winter holiday is New Year.
One of the main features of the Russian people was and remains hospitality, which is most manifested in the feast. A traditional Russian meal includes first, second and third courses - soups and stews, baked poultry or meat, all kinds of baked goods - pies and pies. Dishes national cuisine presented in all their richness in restaurants. Daily cabbage soup, roast, sbitni and tinctures are served in the best establishments.
Safety
The safety of tourists in Russia is ensured by the forces of law and order. Since June 2014, tourist police units began operating in a number of regions, patrolling busy areas. pedestrian streets, squares and parks.
In general, Russia is a safe country for tourists. However, to prevent unpleasant incidents, you should adhere to standard rules safety - do not leave personal belongings unattended, do not carry a wallet in the back pocket of your trousers or in an easily accessible place, beware of deserted and unlit places in dark time days, do not use the services of unofficial taxi drivers, do not change currency from private individuals.
Documentation
The list of documents required during vacation includes:
- Russian passport
- travel package or voucher
- health insurance policy
- if you plan to rent a car you must have a driver's license
If a tourist will relax in a sanatorium-resort institution and receive medical procedures, then a sanatorium-resort book is required, which can be obtained from a general practitioner.
Children accompanied by adults must have a birth certificate or passport, medical insurance.
Important phone numbers
Emergency numbers in Russia:
- Fire Service - 01
- Police - 02
- Ambulance - 03
- Unified 24/7 helpline when calling from a mobile phone – 112
Tourism
Choice tourist destinations in Russia it is wider than anywhere else. The peculiarities of the geographical location and historical development have allowed the formation of resort regions in the country, which are characterized by one or another type of recreation.
Beach holiday. There are many resorts in Russia offering a comfortable holiday on the sea coast. The traditional region of beach tourism in our country is the Krasnodar Territory. It is here that the summer capital of Russia is located - Sochi, the famous resorts of Anapa, Gelendzhik, Tuapse, Adler, and the resort of Yeisk, located on the coast of the Azov Sea.
Beach holidays are offered by Crimean resorts. Sanatoriums, resort hotels, private and public beaches stretch along the entire coast of the peninsula. The main destinations are Alushta, Evpatoria, Kerch, Koktebel, Saki, Sevastopol, Sudak, Feodosia, Yalta, the villages of Kurortnoye, Nikolaevka, Peschanoe and Shchelkino.
Sanatorium treatment carried out in almost all regions of Russia. Sanatoriums, resorts and medical centers operate at sources of mineral waters, healing mud, and in places with favorable climatic conditions. The most famous balneological resorts in the country are Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk, Kislovodsk and Pyatigorsk.
Rich tradition of application natural factors formed in Crimea, especially in Saki and Yevpatoria, where the first mud resorts opened. Spa treatment is carried out on the coast Krasnodar region, in the Moscow, Ryazan, Kostroma, Ivanovo, Tver and Tula regions, in the Urals. In the northern and northwestern regions of the country there are medical resorts Martialnye Vody, Sestroretsk, Svetlogorsk and Zelenogradsk; the largest resort in Siberia is Belokurikha.
Excursion tours in Moscow, the Golden Ring of Russia, Pskov, Uglich, Veliky Novgorod, Vologda and Nizhny Novgorod allow travelers to get acquainted with the historical heritage of ancient Russian cities - ancient temples with gilded domes, ancient fortresses and castles, city mansions and merchant houses. Dozens of excursion routes run through the territory of Kazan, St. Petersburg and its environs - Peterhof, Lomonosov and Kronstadt. Educational tourism in Crimea involves visiting royal palaces, nature reserves and cave cities.
Ski tourism in Russia is experiencing rapid growth. The country has large mountain systems and modern ski resorts. In the Krasnodar region on the slopes of the Main Caucasian ridge The Krasnaya Polyana resort is located. The level of service and modern infrastructure of Krasnaya Polyana during the winter Olympic Games appreciated by tourists and athletes from all over the world. The resort has the most modern equipment, pistes of various levels with a total length of 72 km, ski villages with comfortable hotels.
Among the high-mountainous resorts of Russia, ski holidays are offered by the Dombay and Elbrus region complexes, Abzakovo-Bannoye in the Urals. Each of the resorts has the necessary infrastructure and comfortable accommodation conditions.
Weekend tours. The most popular destinations for weekend holidays are the cities of the Moscow region and the surrounding area major cities in different regions of the country. Short stay programs are offered by tourist centers, sanatoriums, spa hotels and hotels.
Children's holiday. Traditionally, summer health camps for children are located on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory - in Anapa, Gelendzhik, Tuapse and Sochi, in Crimea - in the resorts of Evpatoria and Yalta, in the village of Peschanoye. Children's sanatoriums and camps are available in different regions of the country - Moscow, Kaluga, Leningrad and Rostov regions.
Leisure. There are many places in Russia where you can indulge in sports, active pastime, and extreme tourism. Baikal attracts not only with its natural beauty, but also with the possibility of hiking, underwater diving hunting and fishing, ATV riding, cycling and horseback riding.
In the warm season, trekking, horseback riding, and rafting on mountain rivers are organized for tourists at resorts Gorny Altai, in Dombay and Krasnaya Polyana. In Crimea there are opportunities for mountaineering and hang gliding, mountain climbing, trekking, horseback riding, diving, and sea fishing. Active recreational activities in the north include sleigh rides, dog sledding and reindeer sledding. Conditions for active pursuits - hunting, fishing, hiking, cycling and horse riding - are available in Middle lane Russia.
Visa
To visit the Russian Federation, citizens of most countries require a national visa. Visa-free entry for a period not exceeding 90 days, is allowed to citizens of the CIS countries (except Turkmenistan), Abkhazia and South Ossetia, a number of countries South America, a number of Balkan countries.
The basis for obtaining a Russian visa for foreign tourists is an Invitation from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation or from travel company, which is included in the Federal Register of Tour Operators, which gives it the right to provide visa support to foreigners.
The most famous attractions
- The Moscow Kremlin is the oldest territory of the capital, with an area of 27.5 hectares. In 1367 The Kremlin was surrounded by a brick wall. On the territory there are the Arkhangelsk, Annunciation, Assumption Cathedrals, the Faceted Chamber, the Senate, Terem Palace, Tsar Bell, Tsar Cannon.
- The Tretyakov Gallery was founded in 1856. This is the largest museum in the world, where unique paintings by masters of the 10th-20th centuries are collected.
- The Hermitage is the largest museum in the world, founded by Catherine the Great in the 18th century. The museum exhibits paintings by world-famous artists. In total, more than 3 million valuables are exhibited on the territory of the museum.
- Saint Isaac's Cathedral built in the 19th century by O. Montferrand - an outstanding monument of St. Petersburg. Both its external architecture and interior decoration are impressive, in which all types of art are presented - mosaics, painting, sculpture. The main iconostasis is decorated with lapis lazuli and malachite columns.
- Tsarskoe Selo is a nature reserve in Pushkino, includes a large park and architectural ensemble of the 18th-19th centuries, the country residence of the emperors. The museum is located on 107 hectares, consists of the Catherine Park, the Old Garden, English Park, Catherine Palace, Memorial Museum, Hermitage Pavilion, etc.
- Peter-Pavel's Fortress– located on Hare Island, the oldest monument in St. Petersburg. Within the boundaries of the museum there is the Commandant's House, the city museum, the Grand Ducal Burial Vault, Botny, the Engineering House, prison buildings, bastions, and the Peter and Paul Cathedral.
- The Russian Museum was opened in 1895 by Nicholas II. Within the walls of the building there is a rich exhibition of artistic treasures and a restoration center.
- Yusupov Palace is a beautiful architectural monument of the 18th-19th century. Guests of the palace were Queen Elizabeth II of England, the King of Greece, the Queen of Norway and other dignitaries. The building was built by I. Monighetti, J.B. Valen-Delamont, the Shuvalovs, Branitskys, Yusupovs lived in it.
- Palace and park ensemble Peterhof is a beautiful monument located not far from St. Petersburg, founded in the 18th century. On the territory there are Lower and Upper parks, Grand Palace, the largest system of fountains, water cascades, elegant sculptural compositions, bas-reliefs.
- Pshadsky waterfall is a unique natural structure. Located on the river. Pshada consists of a whole cascade of small waterfalls.
- The ruins of the old city of Gorgypia show ancient ruins from the 4th century BC. The ancient foundations and cobbled streets have been preserved here. On the territory there is a large archaeological museum, where you can see the crypt of Hercules, monuments to Mother Mary, and the “Russian Gate” - the remains of a Turkish fortress.
- The city's local history museum is located in the Shchetnev gymnasium. Visitors are offered an interesting exhibition about the fauna, flora of Anapa, and the history of the Bosporan kingdom.
- The Arboretum is the largest botanical park, a kind of museum located under open air. The park presents unique examples of the flora of the Western Caucasus, as well as many southern states located closer to the equator.
- Vorontsov caves are the largest underground agglomeration with a height difference of 240m. Some cavities are filled with water, and narrow passages sometimes make it difficult to navigate. In some sections of the caves there are ancient sites of primitive people.
- Sochi Art Museum- a major art center. The building displays paintings by Polenov, Aivazovsky, Shishkin, and exhibitions of contemporary masters are regularly held.
- Swallow's Nest is a famous historical and architectural monument located on the Aurora rock, rising 40 meters above the sea. The building is made in the style of a medieval knight's palace. The palace acquired its current appearance thanks to Baron Steingel.
- Vorontsov Palace located in Alupka, built from diabase, in the adjacent territory there is beautiful park. The style of the palace combines English and neo-Mauritanian styles.
- Livadia Palace is the imperial residence. The castle was built in the Italian light style in the 19th century. Counts the most luxurious palace Crimea, is the venue for the Yalta Conference.
- Mount Ai-Petri is located on a plateau and has a flat top. The height is 1234 m. The mountain is considered a symbol of the southern coast of Crimea.
- Nikitsky Botanical Garden– a research institution working in the field of botany and fruit growing. There are several parks here - Montedor, Primorsky, Verkhniy, which contain a rich collection of plants brought from all over the world. This is the oldest botanical park in the world, which has interesting architectural structures.
- Masandra Palace is a beautiful architectural structure that served as the residence of Alexander the Third. The building was rebuilt in the 19th century in the style of French medieval castles. In the surrounding area there is a magnificent park, which features more than 250 species of shrubs and trees.
- House A.P. Chekhov is a memorial museum opened in honor of the writer in Yalta. The house has preserved all the furnishings of those times; Chekhov readings with the participation of foreign guests are often held there, and excursions are held.
Gurzuf
- House of Richelieu - erected in 1811 by the Duke of Richelieu in the form of a two-story stone building in European style. The Duke rarely came here on vacation, and more often provided the estate to his acquaintances. Pushkin, the Raevskys and other well-known personalities were here.
- Korovin's dacha is the home of an outstanding painter who worked in Gurzuf for a long time. A beautiful building with clear geometric proportions in the constructivist style.
- The watchtower is located on Cape Suuk-Su; it existed in the 6th century, when Byzantine legionnaires came to the land. The monument is often called the Tower of Geria or the Eagle's Nest.
- Admiralty Cathedral in honor of St. Vladimir is located on the Central Hill and is considered the greatest Orthodox monument of the 19th century. The building has one massive dome, emphasizing the Byzantine architecture of the 9th-11th centuries. Instead of icons, there are marble slabs in the interior halls.
- Malakhov Kurgan is a grandiose monument, where there is a 19th century Defense Tower, a museum of the Heroic Defense and Liberation of the City, memorial plaques made of cast iron, cannons, and a beautiful park.
- Chersonesos is the oldest monument of Sevastopol, the ruins of an ancient Greek town of the ancient era, in which Vladimir of Kiev adopted Christianity.
- Military historical Museum in honor of black sea fleet– is considered the oldest of its kind in the world. Opened in 1869, located in the most beautiful building, presents a valuable exhibition dedicated to the morals and life of the Russian fleet from the tsarist era to the present day.
- Genoese fortress with interesting name Chembalo is located at a height above Balaklava Bay. Founded in 1357, it has defensive walls.
- Mangup – cave city medieval Crimea. There are numerous caves preserved here, carved into the rock along the entire perimeter of the plateau.
- The temple to the three horsemen is carved into a huge boulder. In the inner hall there is a fresco painting preserved from antiquity.
- Bakhchisarai Palace is a beautiful architectural structure that was previously the residence of the Crimean khans. The building is considered the only surviving monument of Crimean Tatar architecture. The Palace houses a museum of culture and history and an exhibition of weapons.
- Arboretum is unique nature reserve, located on rocky clay soil. Here is a rich collection of plants and shrubs, many of which are rare on the planet.
- Saki Resort Park was founded in 1890 by Melnichenko P.S. On the territory there are beautiful fountains, three lakes, and diverse vegetation.
- The Belyaus settlement was discovered in the 20th century and existed in the 4th-2nd centuries. BC. The monument is located on the Tarkhankun Peninsula.
- Kerkinida excavations opened in 1964, proving the existence of modern city Greek colonists. 30 burials were discovered on the territory.
- Kizyary are the oldest underground passages located under the old city. Tunnels carved into yellow shell rock are considered an important value of Evpatoria.
- The Genoese fortress is the oldest monument of the city with beautiful, strict medieval architecture. Today here you can see the Watchtower, a mosque, the residence of the Genoese consul, and the gates of the fortress.
- Church of the Intercession Ave. The Virgin Mary is the first architectural monument of the Russian era, which began after the annexation of Crimea. The building was built in the style of Russian classicism; the foundation stone took place in 1819 on September 20, as stated on the memorial plaque.
New World
- The Golitsyn trail begins at the green bay on the northern side of Khoba Kaya and leads to a natural grotto formed by sea waves in massive rocks.
- Chaliapin's Grotto - small concert hall, with excellent acoustics. The grotto reaches a height of 30 meters; in its depths there is a stage for musicians, and behind it a small compartment for Golitsin’s wines with preserved stone arches.
Suzdal
- The Kremlin is the oldest part of the city. On the territory there are the Nativity Cathedral, the Bell Tower, St. Nicholas, Assumption Churches, and the Bishop's Chambers. In the 11th century, the Kremlin was surrounded by an earthen rampart lined with clay.
- The Museum of Architecture is located on the site of the 11th century Dmitrievsky Monastery. The museum's collection includes outbuildings and household items of Russian peasants.
- The horse yard is located in an 18th century building in the city center. The exhibition consists of folk crafts - embroidery, carvings, wood painting, clothing.
- The Chernigov monastery is a cave monastery that was founded in 1844. Today it is a functioning complex where you can visit the caves on excursions.
- Sergievo Posad Lavra is the largest monastery, founded by S. Radonezh in 1337. A place revered by Orthodox Christians, a spiritual center with a rich library of ancient books.
 
- Detinets or the Kremlin was founded by Yaroslavl. First mentioned in 1044 in chronicles. The tallest tower of Detinets Kokuy, built in the 18th century.
- Hagia Sophia is a grandiose building of the century. The cathedral was built by Yaroslav the Wise as a temple for the entire city. Great bishops, princes, and mayors of the city found peace in its galleries.
- The Assumption Cathedral is the most important church in the city, included in all excursions around Vladimir. The cathedral was founded in the 12th century by Andrey Bogolyubsky to later become the main temple of the state.
- The Golden Gate was built in the 12th century. The building has rich decoration and was previously used for ceremonial entrances into the city.
- Vladimir Central is a famous prison built by order of Catherine II. At one time, Frunze, Powers, and Zoya Fedorova were kept there. Since 1996 it has been a museum open to visitors.
- Museum of the Transfiguration Monastery Complex. Architectural ensemble built in the 12th century, it is considered the largest of its kind. In the 16th century, the state treasury was located here; in 1612, the Headquarters of Pozharsky and Minin were located in the monastery.
- The Church of Proka Ilya was founded in the 17th century on the site of wooden churches at the expense of the Skripin merchants. The building is decorated with five green onion domes, covered galleries, a bell tower, and the Robe Limit.
Uglich
- The Kremlin was founded in the 15th century by Andrei the Bolshoi. The structure was surrounded by a high wall with two passages and nine blind defensive towers. Today here you can see the chambers that belonged to Tsarevich Dmitry.
- The Church of Demetrius on the Spilled Blood was erected in 1692 on the site where the prince died. The building is painted red, the domes are blue with white ornaments, interior spaces there are rich paintings from the 18th century.
Pereslavl-Zalessky
- Goritsky Monastery is a large architectural and historical museum. The exhibition consists of furniture, church utensils, a collection of ancient icons, paintings by Shishkin, Benois, a valuable library of ancient books and a collection of wooden sculptures.
- The Museum "Boat of Peter the Great" is the oldest building. The museum is notable for the fact that Peter the Great built an amusing flotilla here on Lake Pleshcheyevo. Today you can see the monument to the Tsar, the Botny House, the gatehouse, the Triumphal Gate, and the White Palace.
Rostov
- The Borisoglebsky monastery complex was built on a hill surrounded by the bed of the Ustye river in 1363 during the reign of Dmitry Donskoy with the blessing of S. Radonezh. It was he who indicated the place where the temple should stand.
- The Kremlin is the main attraction of the city with the Assumption Cathedral, five temples, and powerful walls. Previously, the Kremlin was the bishop's residence.
Kostroma
- The Ipatiev Monastery is the greatest monument of Orthodox culture, built in the 13th century. At the site of construction, Mikhail Romanov was elected to reign, so it is often called the cradle of the Romanov family.
- The fire tower is a beautiful monument of Russian classicism, located on Susaninskaya Square. The building has the appearance of a temple from ancient times, complemented by a portico of columns and a pediment.
- The Vvedensky monastery complex was founded in the 19th century at the expense of Derbenev according to the original design of Begen P. Patriarch Tikhon served in the temple. In its halls are the relics of Blessed Alexy of Elnatsky, St. Basil of Kineshma and 168 other saints.
- Bubnov Museum. The house was built in 1860 for a merchant family and is located on the site of a city estate. The building has survived to this day and is open for tours.
- Lermontov places are Pyatigorsk Boulevard, Lermontov Baths, Lermontov's House, Elizavetinsky Spring in Pyatigorsk, Mount Ring and other places associated with the life of the poet in the Caucasus.
- The Castle of Cunning and Love is located in Kislovodsk - a natural monument made of rocks, in the outlines of which mournful faces can be discerned. The castle is located near the river gorge. Alikonovka.
- Wrangel Tower - grandiose historical building, the thickness of the walls and floors is three meters. In the 20th century, the building ceased to be used as a fortification; today there are warehouses and wholesale stores here.
- Brandenburg Gate – beautiful historical monument and the only gate of the city, which is still used for its intended purpose. The building was erected in 1657.
- Cathedral- a beautiful architectural monument, a symbol of the city. Built in the Baltic Gothic style and is one of the rare examples of the Gothic style in Russia.
- The Buryat village is located in Olkhon. This is a colorful open-air museum, by visiting which you can get acquainted with the life and culture of the Buryats.
- The pillars of Huukhein-Khad are a particularly sacred place located in the Shumak Valley. According to legend, you can see your future here.
- Ivolginsky datsan is an important Buddhist monument. The incorrupt body of Khambo Lama Itigelov, who passed into nirvana in 1927, rests in a beautiful, colorful temple.
- The Valley of Geysers is the largest natural monument discovered in the 20th century. There are 22 geysers and numerous pulsating springs, mud pots, and colored lakes with bubbling water.
- The Klyuchevsky volcano group unites 12 volcanoes located on an area of 7 thousand m². Here is the largest and most high volcano mainland Klyuchevskaya Sopka.
Transport component The transport system of Russia includes aviation, rail, sea and road communications. Air transport. There are 236 airports in Russia, more than 70 of them have international status. The country's largest airports are Domodedovo, Sheremetyevo and Vnukovo in Moscow, Pulkovo Airport in St. Petersburg, Koltsovo in Yekaterinburg and Adler in Sochi. Moscow airports are connected to the capital by high-speed Aeroexpress trains. Russian air carriers operate domestic and international flights. Russian railways serve more than 124,000 km of tracks. In large cities there are passenger stations, in small towns - railway stations. Trains run between cities long distance, also act suburban electric trains. The Trans-Siberian railway line runs through the entire country, connecting Moscow and Vladivostok. You can view the schedule of long-distance trains and commuter trains and purchase a ticket on the Russian Railways website http://pass.rzd.ru The total length of Russian highways is 1,000,000 km. By sea transport intercity and international Passenger Transportation. Marine terminals operate in Sochi, St. Petersburg, Murmansk and Nakhodka. Navigation is carried out along rivers and canals. The length of river routes is 200,000 km. Metro available in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, Yekaterinburg and Novosibirsk. In each of the above cities, the metro has its own characteristics - for example, the capital has the most developed metro network, and the Novosibirsk metro has only 12 stations. Ground transport in Russian cities– these are buses, trolleybuses, tram lines and minibuses. The most convenient and accessible way to travel around cities is by buses and minibuses. In each relatively big city There are bus terminals or bus stations connected by direct flights to regional centers. Taxi and car rental. There are official and unofficial taxi drivers in Russian cities; it is not recommended to use the services of the latter due to the high risk of being deceived or paying an inflated tariff. Dispatch desks of official taxi companies are usually located in the arrival halls of airports, near railway stations and bus stations. If you have a driver's license and at least one year of driving experience, you can rent a car. This service is offered by both large international companies Sixt, AVIS and Europcar, as well as small private companies. In most companies, the rental service with return in another city is limited to a small number settlements, or not provided at all.
| Insurance program “OPTIMA” (amount of insurance coverage 50,000 euros*) |
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from 65 to 79 years old
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* payment in rubles at the Central Bank rate (+ 2%) on the day of booking Information on the conclusion and termination of an insurance contract, the scope of insurance obligations, the actions of the parties upon the occurrence of an insured event, the procedure for paying insurance compensation and other necessary information for the insured tourist are specified in the insurance rules.
“Somewhere abroad” is a classic answer to the question: “Where would you like to go on vacation with your children?” Yes, foreign resorts attract our tourists good service, variety of offers and often good prices. It would seem that the native sea coasts cannot withstand competition with such rivals. But they are still popular. Why is it attractive? family holiday on the Black Sea in 2018? What are its advantages, and how to avoid the disadvantages so that your vacation experience remains the best? Let's try to figure it out further.
Advantages of holidays on the Black Sea coast of Russia
So, first of all, let's look at positive sides holidays on the Black Sea.
Let's start with the fact that now this Black Sea coast is perhaps the best in the country. It is equipped with good infrastructure. Numerous clean beaches meet the necessary requirements, and hotels have significantly improved their level of service.
Black Sea resorts have an advantage over foreign ones precisely because of their location. They are located on the territory of Russia, which means that to travel there you will not need any additional hassle with documents, visas, etc. There will be no language barriers either. All service is clear and accessible. In addition, there will be no need to further study local customs and traditions, which is especially important when traveling to exotic countries. Thus, all preparation for a visit to the Black Sea is, in fact, just buying tickets and packing your bags.
By the way, about tickets. You probably won't need them. Opportunity get to your vacation spot on your own- another plus of the Black Sea coast. Many tourists go there by car, since the roads in this direction are quite good. Numerous buses from neighboring and even more remote regions also run along them. There are much more types of transport that can be used to travel to the Black Sea than in the case of foreign resorts, where you can only be transported by plane. Moreover, if you value time, air travel will allow you to get to Russian resorts at the most short term. Of course, one cannot fail to note the presence of a railway connection. In addition, during the summer holidays, the number of trains heading south increases noticeably.
Whatever type of transport you choose, the road to the Black Sea coast will be noticeably shorter than to foreign holiday destinations. The distance to the Black Sea is another plus of domestic tourism.
All of the above advantages together create another positive point. No need for visas, a wider choice of ways to get to the sea, a short distance - this also means less spending on vacation, which means a significant savings for the family budget.
Best time to go on vacation with a child
Traditionally swimming season on Black Sea coast starts in May. But it depends. The water does not always warm up well enough by this time. Therefore, it is preferable to go here to early summer - June. By this time the sea becomes quite warm, but the air is not yet so hot. Comfortable ratio. In the subsequent summer months, the picture is no longer so pleasant, especially for those who have a hard time withstanding too hot weather. Daytime temperatures are usually 30 degrees, or even more.
Considering the climate of the region, be sure to choose places to stay exclusively with air conditioning. The heat often does not subside even at night. It should be noted that with the end of summer, the holiday season on the Black Sea does not end.
Many tourists go here in September. In the so-called " the Velvet season" During this period, the water does not yet have time to cool down, retaining the summer heat. At the same time, the air is no longer so hot. Moreover, there are noticeably fewer vacationers in September. For some, this may be the determining factor for choosing the “velvet” season for a trip to the Black Sea.
Acclimatization as a factor for good rest
Traveling to hot regions, along with a pleasant immersion in the atmosphere of relaxation, brings with it one unpleasant concomitant moment. The human body is very sensitive to changing climatic conditions, so you need to carefully monitor your health before the trip and upon arrival at the resort. And if adults, for the most part, endure acclimatization faster and easier, then in the case of children everything is more complicated. Yes, tourists go to the Black Sea coast in the warm season and there will not be too sudden a change in temperature. But even small fluctuations can pose a danger to the child. Therefore, before traveling you need consult a pediatrician to eliminate possible unpleasant moments already during rest. For example, in the presence of cardiovascular diseases, Children will have a hard time withstanding the heat. And the presence of allergies can lead to troubles due to the abundance of new flowering plants on the coast.
Upon arrival at the holiday destination, make sure that the child is not in the sun more than expected and supports water balance body.
Which resort should you choose?
When talking about the Black Sea coast, you need to take into account that it provides a choice of many resorts and vacation spots located over almost 400 kilometers. It is not surprising that they sometimes differ significantly from each other not only in infrastructure, but even in climatic conditions. The following comparison table will give you a detailed understanding of exactly what these differences are, which will help you choose the resort that's right for you.
| Place |
Advantages |
Flaws |
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- Convenient location. The journey won't take long
Very affordable prices
The entertainment infrastructure is developing. Dolphinariums, water parks, etc. were built.
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A large number of tourists
The resting place is located along the road
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The city is not particularly remarkable
There are industrial facilities
Frequent traffic jams on the roads
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Lermontovo
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You can relax inexpensively
Plenty of available eating places
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Large flow of tourists
Not the highest level of service
There is a railway right next to the beach
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There are practically no entertainment options
Big flow excursion buses, noisy groups of tourists
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Relaxation is disrupted by the railway running along the beach
Lack of entertainment facilities
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Beautiful, picturesque place
Abundance of attractions
It will be interesting for children
Catering places with a wide price range
You can attend events with the participation of stars at affordable prices
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Noticeably higher prices than other places
Lack of good quality free beaches
Abundance of vacationers
It's not easy to get around on foot
Most of the coast is given over to boarding houses and sanatoriums
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Well developed entertainment for all ages
There is a wide range of accommodation options.
From Adler you can go to Abkhazia. The journey to the border will take about 15 minutes.
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Krasnaya Polyana
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Few vacationers
Clean pebble beach and clear water in the sea
Compact location. Wherever you stay, the sea will be nearby
You can eat inexpensively in a canteen located on the beach
The route runs far from the rest area
You can quickly get to other settlements, including Gelendzhik or Divnomorskoe
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Expensive. You'll have to fork out: about 4-5 thousand rubles per day
Apart from the sea, there is nothing for adults and children to do. No entertainment
There is no pharmacy in the locality
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Arkhipo-Osipovka
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The service is at a high level, there are all services for vacationers
Easy to reach
Abundance of entertainment
Gorgeous nature
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The cleanliness of the water leaves much to be desired, especially in the area of the main beach
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Divnomorskoe
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The water and coast are clean
There is something for children to do: a lot of activities and entertainment
Wide selection of stores, including federal ones
Good market
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- There are a lot of vacationers
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Gelendzhik
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There are the necessary infrastructure facilities, including pharmacies, various shops and catering facilities
Children and adults will love the local Safari Park with a cable car
Affordable issue price
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Kabardinka
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- Crowded during high season
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Opportunity to undergo treatment in a sanatorium
Camps for children available
There are places to take a walk (embankment, parks)
The necessary infrastructure facilities are available, including shopping centers and catering facilities
Large selection of children's entertainment
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Lots of tourists at peak times
Hotels are expensive to stay in
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Vityazevo
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Shallow sea and sandy beaches
There is an amusement park and even a water park
Large selection of cafes and retail outlets
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At the height of the season there are a lot of vacationers
There are no large retail outlets
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Long coastline, sandy beaches and shallow sea depths
Not far from Anapa
There is a water park
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Many vacationers
Lack of retail outlets
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Blagoveshchenskaya
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Shallow sea and sandy beaches
Not many vacationers
There is an opportunity to undergo mud therapy
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The sea water is clean
The beach is covered with small pebbles
More pleasant temperatures than in Anapa
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Big Utrish
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Anapa
Anapa is very popular among those who prefer relax with family. Vacationers appreciate the shallow sea with a smooth entrance, and, of course, pebble and sand beaches. Many people highlight this vacation spot for its healing air and other health benefits. For example, healing mud And mineral water. The city itself is quite green and walks along its well-groomed streets and cozy parks are a pleasure for vacationers. In Anapa there are no problems with shopping centers, shops or restaurants. Everyone will find what they need.
Also on the beaches - there is everything you need infrastructure. Sun canopies, changing rooms, and sun loungers are at your service. By the way, sun loungers will cost beach guests about 150 rubles. But if you are staying in a hotel, this service will be free for you. Of the entertainment options, of which there are many, we will highlight the most popular. These include catamaran trips, fishing, water slides, and for those who want more extreme sports - parachute or banana rides. Not far from Anapa there are two more popular seaside resorts - Vityazevo and Dzhemete, which we will also tell you about.
Vityazevo
This suburb of Anapa is very popular among vacationers. Firstly, it is located on the coast just ten kilometers from the city center. Secondly, the beaches of this resort village are considered one of the best on the Black Sea. This is all thanks to the fact that the coast is covered with fine, clean sand, and entry into the water is very convenient and safe. Residential buildings in the village are located mainly on the shore Vityazevsky Estuary. If you have some health problems and you avoid places with high humidity, then Vityazevo will be an excellent holiday option for you.
The climate here is dry Mediterranean. It is not surprising that many vacationers with children come here. There are also many elderly people who are also very sensitive to the climatic features of the chosen resort. Due to low humidity, as well as light sea winds, Vityazevo creates nice summer atmosphere. Even those who have problems with the respiratory system and heart feel quite comfortable here. Moreover, many notice an improvement in their well-being. And this even without going to the doctor and special medical procedures. Enough swimming in the sea, walking in the fresh air and sunbathing on the coast in Vityazevo.
Dzhemete
Between Anapa and its suburb Vityazevo there is another popular Black Sea resort. This is the village of Dzhemete, from which the city center is only 5 kilometers away. It, like Vityazevo, is a suburb of Anapa and its population is 1000 people. In the midst summer season this number increases several times. Vacationers choose Dzhemete, largely due to convenient location places to stay. From almost anywhere in the village, the road to the beach will take just a few minutes. Most often, visitors choose special accommodation guest houses or mini-hotels that attract with their prices. Those who are willing to pay more can check into convenient sanatoriums or boarding houses located right there.
The resort is popular among those who love leisure. At our service divers a special center that gives you the opportunity to immerse yourself in local depths of the sea. Those who enjoy fun over the water can choose a catamaran or jet ski, or take a course windsurfing lessons and even fly on a parachute, which quickly accelerates after the boat towing it. Fishing enthusiasts will appreciate the opportunity to go boat trip on a yacht.
 Water park in Dzhemete - a paradise for children
What is important is that there is something to do in Dzhemete for children too. They will definitely love the local water park and Safari Park. There is even a dolphinarium, an oceanarium and a penguinarium. Well, if you get bored in the village, you can always go to the city. Fortunately, this only takes 10-20 minutes. But most often vacationers from Anapa themselves go to Dzhemete. Families with children chose the local entertainment center, which not only pleases with constant shows, but also children under 5 years old can get into it completely free of charge. In the complex itself, vacationers will see bright shows with the participation of dolphins, sea lions, fur seals and even walruses. You can take photos with the artists. Of course, only after the show is over, which, by the way, takes place 5 times a day. Nearby there will be penguinarium. In it, children and adults can get acquainted with Peruvian penguins who arrived in the Black Sea from distant South America, as well as Humboldt penguins.
Sochi
Among all Russian seaside resorts, it stands apart Greater Sochi. This is the most significant object of this type. Moreover, it includes resorts, which many consider to be separate independent points. But in reality they are only part of Greater Sochi. Like, for example, the well-known Adler. Sochi has a well-developed infrastructure, which has received a new impetus for development Olympics 2014. By the way, the facilities built for these competitions are now very popular among tourists. Many are also attracted by the opportunity to quickly get to mountain resorts.
Of course, the main advantage of Sochi is its beautiful beaches. On the coast itself there are numerous sanatoriums and children's camps. This resort is pleasant comfortable climate. Vacationers will be pleased with the fairly clean water in the sea and stunning nature. Speaking of nature, there is a huge Arboretum nearby, walks through which will definitely please you. We also recommend the beautiful embankment for walkers. Sochi looks especially impressive at night, when the bright and colorful lighting turns on. Vacationers with children should pay attention to the local circus, aquapark, or amusement park "Riviera".
 Dolphinarium in Riviera Park
If you also need rest for the soul, then you can go to the Festival concert hall or the Winter Theater. With all the advantages of Sochi, one cannot fail to note its disadvantages, of which the main one is in many ways unreasonably inflated price for the holiday itself: food, accommodation, service.
Novorossiysk
This city is not usually perceived as a popular resort destination. All due to the close proximity of a large seaport and as a result, the water in the sea is not the cleanest. But still, in the summer there is a considerable flow of tourists to Novorossiysk. Wherein most of vacationers are sent to the outskirts of the city. Vacationers have chosen the beaches in the area Dry Shcheli And Shiroka Beam. Some choose the coast in South Ozereevka. You might also be interested in visiting the legendary sparkling wine factory "Abrau-Durso". There are excursions there.
Now about how to get to Novorossiysk. The main option is railway. In the summer, trains from various parts of Russia depart here. If you prefer to travel by plane, then we have to disappoint you. You can’t get to this city by air, because there is no airport here. You will have to fly to Anapa or Gelendzhik, and only then get to Novorossiysk.
Tuapse
We think many people have heard about this city. But not everyone knows that it is not a resort. There are many industrial facilities here, including a port, an oil refinery and shipyards. Why does its name appear periodically when talking about relaxation? The fact is that mostly vacationers go to villages located in the vicinity of the city.
Lermontovo
This resort village is definitely worth visiting if you are planning a family vacation with children. Lermontovo is quite easy to get to from anywhere in Russia. People come here for the locals sandy or pebble beaches, for the sake of clean water in the sea. It is very comfortable and safe to swim here. The local coast has shallow depth and a flat bottom. This is especially appreciated by vacationers with children. Despite the fact that many people go to local beaches during the high season, there is enough space for everyone. The beaches are quite wide and stretch for a considerable distance along the edge of the sea. Nearby is located, perhaps, one of best beaches coast of the Black Sea. It is located outside the boundaries of the village and has an expressive name "Golden shore". By the way, it stretches along the coast for more than 10 kilometers.
Fans also come to Lermontovo to relax as a “savage”. On the local coast there is a large selection of automobiles for them campsites.
Dzhubga
About 40 kilometers from Tuapse, in a picturesque place, surrounded by coniferous and deciduous forests, is the resort village of Dzhugba. The river of the same name also flows here. The resort itself is hidden in a bay bordered on one side Cape Shapsukho, and on the other – a mountain with an interesting name Hedgehog. All because of its original contours and the forest growing on its slopes. Vacationers rate the local Mediterranean climate. It is moderately moist and quite comfortable.
Olginka
Even closer to Tuapse is the large resort village of Olginka. At the same time, the settlement itself is located on a fairly compact territory, stretching in a direction perpendicular to the sea. Approximately 25 minutes you will need to get to the coast on foot from the farthest point of Olginka.
You may have heard the definition "little Sochi" regarding this village. There are reasons for this. In that resort place There are excellent hotels, there are parks for walking, attractions for entertainment, there is even a high-level concert hall. It is not surprising that domestic stars often perform there. Considering that there is more than enough entertainment in Olginka, young people often come here to relax. But in fact, both vacationers with children and older people feel comfortable here. The width of the main beach of the village is about 50 meters, and it stretches along the sea for 1 km. They even call him the best in the Greater Tuapse area.
The beach is covered with small, smooth pebbles, which you can walk on without shoes. The coast of Olginka will definitely appeal to those who are poor swimmers or those who come on vacation with small children. Here safe flat bottom and a gentle entrance to the water. By the way, the water itself warms up perfectly. The beach does not intersect with residential buildings. Between them passes beautiful embankment, where it is pleasant to walk. Along the edges of the embankment there are special observation decks for vacationers.
Gelendzhik
One of the most popular places for children to relax on the Black Sea coast. There is enough in Gelendzhik good infrastructure And picturesque nature. There are no special attractions. Perhaps that is why the flow of tourists is not so great compared to neighboring resorts. And in nearby villages there are even fewer vacationers. And this great option for those who love relaxing holiday. You can spend soulful time in nature, surrounded by the sea, mountains and forests. At the same time, very inexpensive.
Most of the beaches in the area covered with pebbles, but there are also sandy ones. Through railway You can't get to Gelendzhik. The main option chosen by vacationers from different parts of Russia is air travel. In Gelendzhik there is an airport, where direct flights regularly depart from major cities of the country.
Where is the best place to stay with a small child?
Considering that we have already paid attention more than once to the popularity of the Black Sea coast among vacationers with children, it would not be superfluous to add a couple of useful paragraphs specifically for them. We are talking about which accommodation option with children on Black Sea resorts better to choose.
If there is a question of saving, then the choice falls on accommodation in private sector. At the same time, it is also available in places where there are no hotels, in small towns. Saving entails corresponding consequences in the form of giving up comfort. There is no hope for service in such houses. Washing and cooking will fall on your shoulders. You will be on your own. But this is also a plus, given that you are vacationing with children. Even if they make noise or misbehave, you will not cause any inconvenience to anyone. But about amenities It is imperative that care is taken for the children themselves. It is advisable that even in simple house there was a toilet, shower or bathroom.
Another accommodation option - family boarding houses. Their advantages include the fact that they provide treatment services and can organize your free time. Your children will also be occupied. A certain time for entertaining the kids, which the boarding house takes on, will give you the opportunity to take a break from worries and devote yourself to leisure of your choice. Moreover, this service has already been paid for as part of the voucher you purchased.
The most convenient, but at the same time the most expensive option is hotel accommodation. Hotels for the most part take care of all your worries. Entertainment for children is among them. Modern hotels have special staff animators, which can amuse kids almost all day long. Of course, we need to pay attention to the nutrition of children. Therefore, when purchasing a ticket, check the availability of a children's menu at the hotel. Of course, in case family vacation It is advisable to have a swimming pool in the hotel, where it will be safer and more comfortable for children to swim.
Of course, the Black Sea does not live up to its name very well. In any case, for most tourists, a visit to the shores of this reservoir evokes extremely positive emotions. And the visual appearance of the reservoir is in no way associated with this color. Some, either jokingly or seriously, suggest updating the sign, changing the name to “Svetloye”. However, it is unlikely that special significance should be attached to this. Another thing is more important: its impressive size turns the water area into a real resort oasis. Despite the incredible variety of soil, depths and number of people on the beaches, there are things that remain constant in any coastal part of the region. Having taken several states under its protection, the “Eurasian giant” (this is where the sea border between the two continents lies) attracts vacationers to any territory. In Russia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Romania, Georgia, Abkhazia and even Turkey, it is considered a privileged object. Of course, the climatic attractiveness of the surrounding areas is complemented by excellent service and incredible beauty landscapes. Cities that fell into the arms of Ch.M. , flaunt historical buildings, as well as a heroic past and an equally grandiose future.
At a resort crossroads
Of course, covering so many wonderful resorts is worth a lot. If you fantasize, then the legendary Danube River, as well as the waters Atlantic Ocean can be added to those. However, despite the reasonable connection, there is a rather large amount of deceit here. Therefore, let's be realistic and talk about less remote areas of the water area. Most of them are easiest to reach by plane. The majority of states adjacent to the Black Sea reservoir have an airport at their disposal. Some even represent several similar structures (in this sense, one can recall the Krasnodar Territory). However, to regions where the mentioned structures are not present, the road also does not involve any special difficulties.
- For example, there is no airport in Abkhazia, but the proximity to the Adler terminal allows you to get to the resorts of the republic from anywhere on the planet.
- Construction Crimean bridge allows tourists to travel from mainland Russia to the territory of the famous peninsula without resorting to an airplane.
- The resort area in Kuban is very extensive; not every locality has “ Harbour Air" However, excellent train and bus connections within the region solve any transfer problems.
About the climate in enthusiastic tones
It would seem to discuss climatic conditions near the Black Sea is not necessary. Indeed, almost everyone knows about the wonderful weather in these expanses. Great poets wrote odes to the wonderful reservoir, and artists captured its pristine azure. However, it is impossible to imagine these regions without reference to temperatures and air purity. The mountains of Crimea, Krasnodar Territory and Abkhazia, as well as the healing pines growing there, create an amazing ensemble, demonstrating to vacationers the healing power of nature. In some parts of the water area there are palm trees, and somewhere banana trees delight the eyes of vacationers - and we only touched on the territories of the former Soviet Union.
- The average temperature on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory in summer is 30 degrees.
- On the territory of Georgia and Abkhazia, in general, temperatures are similar to the Kuban region.
- Crimea, in terms of mercury indicators, is somewhat more diverse. Geographical position provided a range of temperatures, but on average the mentioned figures for the peninsula in summer are also not lower than 30 degrees.
When choosing hotels, your eyes run wide
In the context of choosing apartments, you will again have to remember the size of the Black Sea. Its size involuntarily created abundance when choosing a hotel. Any village provides vacationers with a serious number of options. The price list, which contains quite earthly indicators, is adjacent to the sky-high cost. As usual, there is nothing surprising in such a story. A huge number of settlements adjacent to the legendary reservoir are experiencing a tourism boom. Georgia, Abkhazia, Crimea, and, of course, the Kuban possessions are attracting more and more vacationers. Consequently, new buildings are joining each of the mentioned geographical units (both in the luxury and budget segments).
- If we talk about the private sector, it is very diverse. The most budget offers in Abkhazia (from 500 rubles)
- Traditional hotel complexes remain adequate along the entire Black Sea coast: Crimea, Abkhazia, Georgia and Kuban constantly refresh the market with budget offers, an average of 1,500 rubles.
- The sanatorium facilities have now been converted into hotels. Basically, they are complexes of the middle price category - depending on the region, 1200-1800 rubles.
Beaches, attractions, entertainment
In all three categories, the Black Sea coast is extremely diverse. In principle, the legendary water area is an undoubted attraction in itself. However, not far from the reservoir there are other masterpieces of natural origin (for example, the Ayu-Dag and Ai-Petri mountains - Crimea). There is also temple complexes, and ancient ruins and aristocratic palaces. And there is no need to talk about the abundance of park areas and sculptural ensembles. Entertainment in the form of dolphinariums, pleasure schooners and other attractions is also very rich. But the main goal of visitors is magnificent beaches!
- The Black Sea coast is famous for its depth differences, which has created several “children’s resorts” in these spaces (the most popular “paddling pools” are in the cities of Evpatoria and Anapa)
- On the Black Sea coast there are all types of soil - from rocky to sandy.
- The reservoir in the post-Soviet space warms up evenly across all territories. Usually the warmth in the bathing compartments lasts from May to October.
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