Rome is the best. Secret places in Rome that you won't find in a typical guidebook. Trevi Fountain – a must have when visiting Rome

Where to go from Rome: 5 options for interesting trips and excursions

Italy seems pretty large country compared to other European countries. But only at first glance. Almost all cities in Italy are within an accessible distance from each other and are connected by rail. It is very convenient to travel between them by train, especially from Rome, which is actually in the center of the country. That is why many travelers do not limit themselves to visiting just the capital of Italy. If you are ready to consider the possibility of traveling from Rome to some other city one day, then we will be happy to help you and tell you about several of the most interesting options.

How to get from Rome to the sea

At the height of summer, Rome heats up to the limit: at this time the temperature rarely drops below +35 in the shade. When you walk along the ancient streets of the capital of Italy and are languishing in the heat, the thought involuntarily comes to mind that it would be nice to cool off somewhere, and besides the far from attractive Tiber, there are no reservoirs or equipped beaches in Rome. Few people know that the much-desired azure sea is much closer than it might seem at first glance: it is located only 25 km from the city and is accessible to absolutely any tourist. Using our tips, you can significantly diversify your stay in the “eternal city” and relax on the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Rome on your own: step-by-step trip organization

Rome, or as it is often called, the “eternal city” is the dream of many travel lovers. We are told about the key role in the development of human civilization and the enormous cultural and historical heritage of Rome from childhood, in history lessons, thereby forming the image of a great and unique city.

Stop dreaming, it's time to go to Rome and see it with your own eyes!

Rome public transport

Despite the fact that this article is devoted to the public transport system in Rome, the first thing I would like to start with is to recommend that all our readers use it as little as possible and give preference to walking. Rome is not a city where you should save your time and energy. Rome is real ancient miracle, preserved to this day, a museum under open air. Every square meter, every step will bring you unforgettable experience. Is it worth losing this, languishing in a bus or subway car? And to be honest, the transport of Rome is unlikely to surprise even novice travelers with anything.

Where to stay in Rome?

How to get to Rome. Flights 2020

Rome is, perhaps, one of the most popular and beloved cities among all travelers in the world, including Russians. Thanks to the dense network of European low-cost airlines, you can get to the “eternal city” in the most different ways. We present to your attention a selection of the cheapest tickets to Rome.

Tickets to the Colosseum online and other ways to get there without queuing

The Colosseum is definitely the most popular attraction in Rome... and what about Rome - practically, the whole world! Thousands of tourists strive not only to take pictures against the backdrop of this great structure, but also to get directly inside it. Of course, it's not that simple. There are hours-long queues of tourists at the entrance to the Colosseum, especially during high season. Standing for 2-3 hours under the hot sun is not the most pleasant experience. But fortunately, this is not the only way to get to the Colosseum.

Fiumicino Airport. How to get from the airport to the city

Leonardo da Vinci International Airport or Fiumicino Airport is the largest airport in Rome and throughout Italy, also one of the 10 largest airports in Europe. This airport is located 30 km from Rome.

Interesting excursions in Rome in Russian

« The eternal City» contains a huge ancient cultural heritage: the remains ancient temples, basilica and other significant buildings. But, you must admit, without history, these remnants of former greatness become ordinary forks. Without knowledge of history, Rome loses its cultural value. That is why such a form of leisure as excursions has become extremely popular among city guests.

How to get to the Vatican Museums: online tickets, secrets and tips

The Vatican Museums and the Sistine Chapel are world-class attractions, along with the Eiffel Tower, etc. There are millions of people who want to get here. Therefore, a visit to the museum should be carefully planned and thought out, so that kilometer-long queues and crowds do not spoil the impression.

Self-guided itineraries around Rome for 1, 2 and 3 days

Especially for those who are going to Rome for a relatively short period of time and want to get to know this beautiful city as closely as possible, we have prepared several routes for walking around it. So, what can you see in Rome in one, two or three days?

What to see in the Vatican and all the most interesting things about it

Perhaps the most unique place in Rome is the Vatican. Yes, the very phrase “Vatican in Rome” sounds paradoxical, because Rome is a city, and the Vatican is an entire state. One way or another, for the vast majority of tourists, the Vatican is one of the main attractions of the capital of Italy.

Where to try pizza in Rome? The best pizzerias in the city

One of the main elements of Italian culture is, of course, National cuisine: pasta, cheeses, pizza and more. Of course, everyone who goes to Rome definitely sets the goal of trying real Italian pizza. Rome has a huge number of pizzerias, ranging from ordinary cheap eateries to expensive “tourist attractions”. Among hundreds of similar establishments, you can also find real traditional pizzerias that have been operating for a very long time and, first of all, have gained respect and popularity among the local population. This is exactly where we, travelers, need to go!

Castle Sant'Angelo: history and interesting facts

On the banks of the Tiber, not far from the Vatican, stands a powerful and rather unusual structure that attracts the attention of guests of Rome. This is the Castel Sant'Angelo, or, as it is also called, Hadrian's Mausoleum. It is quite difficult not to notice it: the building is almost 50 meters high and is located on a slight hill. Like any other architectural monument of Rome, the Castel Sant'Angelo has a fairly significant reason for its appearance and, subsequently, a very rich history.

10 things you must do in Rome

When planning your trip to Rome, sometimes even the most avid traveler's eyes begin to run wild. Cultural and architectural heritage, which Rome has been keeping for us for the third millennium in a row - truly immense. But let’s still try to make a list of the most important things that every guest of the Eternal City needs to do.

The very best squares in Rome

Due to its rich history, on the territory of modern Rome, several cultural and historical centers were formed, which once played a significant role in the life of the city. Therefore, it is quite difficult to determine the most important square of the city. Each major square in Rome can be assigned its own special status of “the most...”. In this article, we have prepared an overview of several of the most popular and significant squares of the city, which you should not pass by.

Top 10 attractions in Rome

Rome is a city with almost three thousand years of history. Many monuments of ancient architecture have miraculously survived here to this day, which makes the “eternal city” popular all over the world. They say that a lifetime is not enough to see absolutely all the sights of this city. Is it so? Let's leave this question open and for now limit ourselves to the most important sights that are a must-see for travelers who are going to Rome for only a few days.

Vittoriano - a controversial landmark in Rome

In the historical center of Rome, literally 5 minutes from the Colosseum and the Roman Forum, is the snow-white Vittoriano monument. This attraction does not have world fame, unlike its famous neighbors. And according to some, Vittoriano completely spoils architectural ensemble Rome, standing out unfavorably against the background of other historical buildings.

Which, back in the 3rd century BC, began to be called “the greatest eternal city” - this is the dream of millions of travelers from different parts of our planet, who dream of seeing with their own eyes a lot of ancient sights.

Content:

Short description

Sights, including a huge number of historical and architectural monuments, which reflect the former greatness and power of the Great Roman Empire. Thanks to sociological research, experts concluded that Rome is considered the most visited city in the world. The legend of the Roman Empire, its capital, where passions boiled and the fate of many states were decided, is located on seven hills. Rome stretches on both sides of the well-known Tiber River. The climate in the capital is Mediterranean: in the summer it is quite hot, the temperature sometimes exceeds +40 degrees Celsius, and the winter is mild and mostly rainy.

Santa Maria Maggiore

On the territory of modern Rome, in addition to the sights, ancient ruins, the stones of which still remember the voices of Caesar, Nero and other emperors, there is a state within a state, the name of which every Catholic knows - Vatican. Even the most experienced guides conducting excursions around the “eternal city” often spend a long time developing a route, because it can be very difficult to understand what exactly a guest of the capital would like to show.

In Rome, literally everything evokes genuine delight, even among travelers who come to this city more than once. Here, literally at every step, you can come across a unique attraction of its kind, the age of which is estimated to be centuries old. The Roman Forum or the grandeur, wealth and luxury of the Vatican, or perhaps the dome of St. Peter, in the image of which the dome of the Capitol in Washington was built, Piazza Navona or the Altar of the Fatherland - all this will certainly leave an indelible impression on any guest of the capital of Italy.

Trajan's Market

A little history

We can talk about the ups and downs, the destruction and rebirth of Rome for an infinitely long time. And how is it possible, even in three to five materials, to reflect at least some part of the history of not only the city, but also the entire huge empire in its time, the fate of which has always been inextricably linked with the capital. The only thing I would like to point out is that in the 19th century, great Rome was nevertheless conquered by the most talented strategist and conqueror Napoleon.

It was he who decided to expel the Pope and “placed his newborn son on the throne.” However, already in 1870, the Italians regained Rome and once again proclaimed it the capital, although now not an empire, but a kingdom. It is also worth paying special attention to the fact that it was on the capital of Italy that the fascists first marched; this event took place in 1922. Soon after, the fascist plague spread throughout the world.

Arch of Titus

Fortunately, the monument city escaped massive bombing and almost all the sights remained safe and sound. It is unlikely that the allies of the USSR would have decided to bomb the city in which the Vatican is located, which is the main spiritual center for all Catholics in the world. Although there were fears that the Germans, who occupied Rome in 1943, would decide to destroy all historical and architectural monuments and simply plunder the “eternal city.” Fortunately, the tragedy did not occur; even the greatest tyrant and despot of all times, Adolf Hitler, did not dare to be remembered as the destroyer of the “eternal city.” Already in 1944, Rome again became free and independent, now from fascism and the power of Benito Mussolini, who, by the way, suffered from a mental disorder and wanted to destroy all the buildings in the capital in order to build a “new city.”

August Palace

Modern Rome

As mentioned above, Rome is currently considered the most visited city by tourists. However, the population of the country's capital, which resembles a woman's boot with an elegant heel on a world map, cannot be called large by today's standards. About three million people permanently live in the city. However, this figure does not include the number of people who come to Rome to work, and, by the way, there are quite a lot of them.

If a tourist has arrived in the capital of Italy and does not want to take advantage of the offers of travel agencies, but is developing a tourist route on his own, he should first of all visit the Colosseum, Pantheon, Roman Forum, Piazza del Popolo, St. Peter's Cathedral. Naturally, this is only a hundredth part of those attractions that will forever remain in memory. To learn more about Rome and find the places you would like to visit immediately after arrival, you need to familiarize yourself with the tourist brochures available in almost every hotel or read about the city’s attractions on the World Wide Web.

Roman Coliseum

When going to Rome, you should not expect that on your first trip you will see all the most interesting and mysterious places V ancient city. Rome probably resembles Paris in some ways. At least because in order to truly know this city, you need to be born and die in it. It is difficult to even imagine how much time it might take to visit even a small part of the sights of Rome, because there are more than 900 churches in it alone.

Roman Coliseum	Baths of Caracalla	Roman Pantheon	Roman forum	The mouth of truth
Great Circus	Trevi Fountain	Temple of Vesta	Caesar's Forum

Rome is the mystery of Italy, a duet of metal and stone. Rome in Italy is a remarkable, inspiring and memorable city. Rome in Italy is a noble and aristocratic city. The city of Rome is a landscape of reflection!

The greatness of Italian history is revealed through the great actions of the emperors and generals of Rome. Rome has been for centuries center of the Roman Empire the most powerful, dominant, rich and grandiose empire ancient world. Rome holds its ancient treasures, evidence of the city's leading role in the rich historical events that made it the world's first museum city. Palace of Saturn, Basilica Emilia, Palace of Castres and Pollux, Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, squares with columns and monuments, as well as the Baths of Caracalla, taverns, Theater of Marcellus, market, Palace of Venus, Arch of Constantine - all this historical heritage today it is available for contemplation by tourists.

Rome is art, it is history, it is nature! All roads lead to Rome, and from Rome to eternity...

Tourist sunny Italy is all about mood, beauty, emotions, decorations and souvenirs. The inspiration of Italy is the “eternal city” of Rome, where solemnity and grace are valued. Rome in Italy is a city where the soul is filled with delight!

The energy of life modern city juxtaposed with the pomp and sophistication of the ancient world.

Rome has the smallest .

Sights of Rome

• The most important Roman ruins: the Palatine, and the Baths of Caracalla;
• Imperial Forums;
• is a hymn to the sea and its ruler Neptune. Playful seahorses and newts have united into a single mythical ensemble, delighting citizens and tourists, and a coin thrown into it is the key to a new meeting with the “eternal city”;
• Plaza de España. Fountain in the form of a boat "Barcaccia". The famous Spanish Steps (135 steps);
• . Palace of Venice and the monumental structure “Altar of the Fatherland” (“Vittoriano”).
• . Three fountains: The central one is the “Fountain of Four Rivers”, created in 1648-1650 according to Bernini’s sketches. It is a stele framed by sculptures depicting the rivers Ganges, Nile, Danube and La Plata; The two side ones are “Neptune’s Fountain” and “Moor’s Fountain” (by Giacomo della Porta).

Rome is the most mysterious place in Italy, where the pages of a historical novel seem to come to life! In this ancient city, you create a feeling of merging with history and the nuances are no longer important: either history penetrates you, or you penetrate history! At night, all the monuments are illuminated and Rome is filled with magic!

The art of Rome is wisdom in the guise of beauty and architecture. It was in Rome that they came up with the idea of ​​growing flowers on the windowsill! Cement was also invented in Rome. It is believed that the water in Rome is the most delicious in the world: there are still thousands of springs and fountains here! "Meal'n'Real!" - the slogan is also Roman.
The dynamics, freedom, passion and power of magic of the modern capital of Italy organically fit into the monumental image of Rome.
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Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater) in Rome

The most ancient building remaining from ancient Rome is Coliseum (Flavian Amphitheater). Despite centuries of destruction, it remains the main symbol of Rome today.

The amphitheater was built in the 1st century AD, in 8 years. This impressive elliptical structure with a height of 50 meters, a perimeter of 530 meters, a foundation of 13 meters and 28 elevators is the largest amphitheater of the ancient world.

Colosseum, Flavian Amphitheatre, Rome

In accordance with the hierarchy of Roman society, residents had tokens indicating their place in the Colosseum. Residents could attend all performances for free; there were about 10 of them a year. A metal barrier, elephants and archers protected the very first rows where the nobility were seated from wild animals. What haven't the walls of the Colosseum seen? Here they staged battles with wild animals, executions of those sentenced to death, which took place in the form of performances, water battles and gladiator fights, where the main reward was a wooden sword - a symbol of freedom. Since the 6th century, the amphitheater has been abandoned. Its destruction and looting began, which stopped only in 1700, when the Colosseum was declared a place of martyrdom of the first Christians. History comes to us through stones. Time has turned the Colosseum into ruins of history. Today, through the openings of the Colosseum, the Roman sky is blue!

Pantheon in Rome

The Pantheon in Rome is a masterpiece of ancient Roman architecture, which has come down to us in perfect condition since 125 AD. The Pantheon is the only ancient domed landmark in Rome. It is difficult to imagine that this monolithic building, impressive in size, without a single window on the sides, is luxuriously decorated and well lit inside. The round rotunda with a diameter of 43.5 meters, together with the dome, rises 42 meters, supported by massive walls 6 meters thick. The austere facade of the building is decorated with a rectangular portico, which rests on two rows of 14-meter solemn red monolithic columns made of Egyptian granite (the upper part is made of Greek marble).

The Pantheon, for all its significance and uniqueness, is one of the most accessible attractions for tourists in Rome. Pantheon literally means “Temple of all gods.” But already in 609, by decree of Pope Boniface IV, the ancient temple began to be used as the Christian Church of Our Lady of Martyrs, and this saved it from destruction. Today it is also the main tomb famous people. The first person to wish to be buried in the Pantheon was the famous Italian Renaissance artist Raphael Santi (1520). So the Pantheon became a mausoleum. Here we found ours last refuge Kings Victor Emmanuel II, Umberto I, Queen Margaret, as well as famous cultural figures Carracci and Zuccari.

Speaking about the Pantheon, one cannot fail to mention the dome. The dome is made of concrete, and a 9-meter round hole in its center illuminates the interior inside, creating the impression of a vault of heaven decorated with stars. Five rows of caissons visually lighten the entire structure and create an “airiness” of the decorative elements of the interior decoration of the vault. Colored African marble is present everywhere inside the Pantheon: from the threshold and mosaic floor to the walls. The altars and niches are decorated with statues of saints, 17th-18th century sculptures and paintings.

Services in the Pantheon are still held today on significant spiritual holidays.

Palatine. Palatine Hill in Rome

Rome stands on 7 hills: Capitol, Palatine, Aventine, Quirinal, Viminal, Caelium, Esquiline.

Palatine Hill is the cradle of the Roman Empire, the second largest after the Capitol (40 meters high).

The Palatine is an open-air museum of Ancient Rome. He seems to resurrect the fictions of ancient mythology. According to legend, it was on it that the twins Remus and Romulus were found and suckled by a she-wolf.

The Palatine is a hill from the era of kings and emperors, rightfully occupying a central place in Rome. The Palatine Hill tells its story with the hut of Romulus, the palaces of Tiberius and Flavius, the stadium of Domitian, the Claudius aqueduct, the Farnese palace and botanical garden, the baths of Severus, the Palatine Museum, the temple of Apollo, the house of Augustus, and buildings from the era of Nero.

Roman forum

With one ticket you can visit three ancient sights of Rome, which are located in the historical center of the city: Palatine Hill, Roman Forum and Colosseum.

Roman Forum - the former business and political center of Ancient Rome. The view of the Roman Forum is particularly striking from observation deck located nearby.

• Main attractions of the Roman Forum:
• Arch of Tito (Arco di Tito);
• Arch of Settimo Severo (Arco Settimo Severo) or Septimius Severus;
• Basilica Julia;
• Temple of Venus the Ancestress;
• Temple of the Goddess Vesta;
• Temple of Concord;
• Temple of Saturn;
• Arch of Constantine (Arco di Constantino).

Temple of Saturn(497 BC) is considered the most impressive landmark of the Roman Forum. Its majestic columns and fragments that have survived to posterity date back to the buildings of the 3rd century BC.

Saturn is mythical god, glorifying the equality of people without classes. Some scientists believe that the custom of Christmas gifts under the tree came precisely from the Roman Saturnalia (festivals in honor of Saturn).

Arch of Constantine rises on the Palatine Hill on the conventional border between the Colosseum and the Roman Forum.

The Arch of Constantine is a three-span arched structure, with the most impressive central span and two arches on the sides, decorated with an attic. It is the last and largest of the three Roman imperial arches that have survived to this day, including the Arch of Titus and the Arch of Settim Severus (height 21 meters, width 26 meters, wall thickness more than 7.3 meters).

An interesting fact is that the Triumphal Arch of Constantine is the only one that was built in 315 as a result of the victory of Emperor Constantine in civil war in the battle on October 28, 312 at the Milvio Bridge over the commander Maxentius, who tried to seize power and declared himself Emperor of Western Rome.

The Arch of Constantine is made of white stone and marble blocks, and it rests on 8 Corinthian columns made of yellowish marble (4 on each side). In the decoration of its attic (a rectangular superstructure over the spans), the Romans used decorations taken from other more ancient monuments: reliefs from the time of Marcus Aurelius and 8 marble statues of the Dacian barbarians from the Trajan Forum. From the era of Hadrian, the Arch of Constantine received 8 medallions with scenes of hunting and sacrifices, which crown the side vaults of two arched spans.

During the reign of Emperor Constantine, new decorations were created on the arch: a relief frieze with illustrations of Constantine's military campaign against Maxentius, as well as the deities of the Moon and the Sun on chariots. The Goddess of Victory Victoria is depicted on the vault of the central arch and the bases of the columns.

The Arch of Constantine is located near St. Gregory Street next to the metro station on line B (Colosseo).

Arch of Septimius Severus erected in 203 AD in honor of the emperor of ancient Rome Septimius Severus and his sons Geta and Caracalla.

This massive arched structure of three bays, 23 meters wide, is the second largest of the memorial arches after the Arc de Triomphe of Constantine. The attic is decorated with inscriptions and bas-reliefs with the exploits and victories in the wars of Septimius Severus with the Partis and the Arabs. The bases of the four columns on the facade of the arch are images of captive barbarians.

Arch of Septimius Severus (Arco Settimo Severo) at the Roman Forum.

Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome

On the picturesque bank of the Tiber River in Rome, a majestic bulk rises. Spend your holidays in Rome and immerse yourself in its secrets!

Rome occupies a special place among European capitals. This is a symbolic city, the original city where Western civilization was born. The powerful Roman Empire, which subjugated the entire Mediterranean, began right here - on the banks of the Tiber River. The historical and cultural heritage of Rome is priceless; architectural and cultural masterpieces await tourists at every step.

Rome is home to the legendary Colosseum and treasures of museums, the historical ruins of the Capitol and the magnificent facades of Baroque villas. The entire city can be considered as an open-air museum; its streets and squares contain the history of three thousand years of civilization, thought, art and culture.

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What to see and where to go in Rome?

The most interesting and Beautiful places for walks. Photos and brief description.

1. Colosseum

The main arena of Ancient Rome, a theater for gladiator fights, baiting of captives with wild animals and other equally bloody performances of the annual Games of the capital of the Empire. In honor of the opening of the Colosseum in 80 AD. The Great Games were organized, which lasted more than 3 months. The ancient stones of the Arena still remember gladiators killed for the amusement of the public and slaves from captured provinces torn to pieces for pleasure.

2. Pantheon

Construction of the 2nd century BC, “temple of all gods” translated from Greek. The Pantheon was created during the peak period of ancient Roman architecture. For many centuries, pagan gods were worshiped under the dome of the building, until at the beginning of the 7th century the Pantheon was turned into a Christian temple. The building has survived to this day in good condition thanks to numerous restorations that began before the advent of our era.

3. Vatican

City-state, stronghold and main bastion Catholic Church, residence of the Pope. In total, about 800 people are citizens of the Vatican, mostly priests and church officials. The Vatican is famous for its museums, which house outstanding collections of painting, sculpture and applied art. This is a real treasury of humanity. Tourists are also attracted by the main Catholic church - St. Peter's Cathedral.

4. Cathedral and St. Peter's Square

St. Peter's Basilica is the spiritual center of the Catholic branch of Christianity. The Pope himself holds a festive mass here. The temple arose on the site of the former Circus of Nero in the 4th century. At first it was a small basilica where the relics of the Apostle Peter were kept. In the 15th century it was rebuilt into a grandiose building. Raphael, Michelangelo, Peruzzi, Maderno and others worked on St. Peter's Cathedral. In front of the temple there is a wide square with a colonnade of 284 Doric columns.

5. Vatican Museums

Museum collections were collected in different times by the popes. They were founded in the 16th century by Pope Julius II. An extensive exhibition of paintings from the 11th to 19th centuries is collected in the Vatican Pinacoteca. You can get acquainted with tapestries and frescoes by great masters by visiting the Sistine Chapel and the Stanzas of Raphael. Antique statues and sarcophagi from Ancient Rome are presented in the Chiaramonti and Pio Cristiano museums. The history of religions around the world is described by exhibits of the Ethnological Missionary Museum. The history of the Vatican is presented in Historical Museum. The Vatican Library contains more than one and a half million books. Visits are open daily, except Sundays and Catholic holidays.

6. Vittoriano

Memorable architectural complex of the 18th-19th centuries. in honor of King Victor Emmanuel, the first ruler of a united Italy. On the site in front of the monumental palace, the Eternal Flame burns and an honor guard is on duty. Residents of Rome are not too fond of this mass of white marble, as they believe that it does not fit into the architecture of the city. Some Romans call Vittoriano the ridiculous “wedding cake.”

7. Trastevere

A bright and colorful Roman quarter across the Tiber River. Here in the 18th century BC. A tribe of Etruscans settled, with whom the history of the Eternal City began. During the era of the Empire, luxurious villas of patricians stood here. There are many buildings and residential buildings for many hundreds of years, so they look very authentic and attractive to tourists. People continue to live in dilapidated houses.

8. Piazza Navona

An oval square in the central part of Rome, located on the site of the former Circus of Domitian. Since the 16th century, ambassadors, cardinals, bankers and other wealthy representatives of society began to settle in this area. From the 15th century to the mid-19th century, there was a market here. In the middle of the square is the Fountain of Four Rivers, a sculptural group with deep symbolic meaning. In the middle of the composition stands an obelisk, symbolizing the power of the Pope. Around the obelisk there are sculptures representing the rivers of the four continents.

9. Piazza del Popolo

Loosely translated into Italian language the name of this place sounds like “people's square”. Piazza del Popolo played an important role in the life of Rome, since the road to the northern provinces began from here. The square is decorated with the Church of Santa Maria del Popolo and the Egyptian obelisk of Ramses II. Mine modern look The piazza received at the beginning of the 19th century, the architect D. Valadier worked on it.

10. Castel Sant'Angelo

The construction of the building began back in the era of the Roman Empire in the 2nd century AD. During its existence, it served as the papal home, prison, warehouse and even tomb. Today, the fortress houses the Military History Museum. The castle received this name in the 6th century AD. after the image of the Archangel Michael appeared to Pope Gregory. Directly from the castle, a picturesque bridge spans the Tiber River, which was built under Emperor Hadrian. The bridge provided the shortest route to the Champ de Mars.

11. Roman Forum

The very heart of Ancient Rome, where important state and social events took place - the fate of laws was decided, consuls were elected, the triumphs of emperors took place after victorious wars. After the fall of the Empire, the forum was destroyed and devastated, and time did its work, so only fragments have survived to this day. The remains of the forum are part of a protected archaeological zone, where there is an open-air museum.

12. Forum of Trajan

The forum appeared at the turn of the 2nd-1st centuries. BC. In those days it was a large square surrounded by a market, the temple of Emperor Trajan, Greek and Latin libraries. The 38-meter Trajan's Column made of Carrara marble has survived to this day. Inside the column is the tomb of the emperor himself and his wife. Trajan's Forum is the last structure of its type built in Rome.

13. Baths of Caracalla

Remains of ancient Roman baths along the Appian Way. The culture of visiting baths was well developed in the Roman Empire. People came here to chat, find out the latest news or conduct business negotiations. The Baths of Caracalla were built in the 3rd century AD. under Emperor Septimius Bassian Caracalla. Already in the 5th century AD. this architectural complex began to be considered a real wonder of the world. In addition to baths and pools, there was a library here.

14. Arch of Constantine

The triumphal arch erected by Emperor Constantine in honor of the victory in the civil war over the troops of his rival Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius. It was under Constantine that Christianity became the official religion (the ruler believed that God himself helped him come to power), the capital of the Empire was moved to Constantinople, and Rome gradually began to lose its former power and decline.

15. Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano

One of the most ancient christian churches, the first temple of Rome. In the church hierarchy it is above all others, even above St. Peter's Basilica. Catholic hierarchs awarded it the title “basilica major,” that is, “elder.” She is recognized as "the head and mother of all churches." The temple appeared during the reign of Constantine under Pope Sylvester I in the 4th century AD. The basilica contains the burial places of six Popes and the relics of the apostles St. Paul and St. Peter.

16. San Paolo fuori le Mura

Temple of the 4th century AD, erected on the burial site of the Apostle St. Peter, who was executed by order of Emperor Nero in the 1st century AD. The building was rebuilt several times under the emperors Theodosius I and Valentian II. Almost every Catholic Pope has tried to bring temple complex something of its own, so over time San Paolo fuori le Mura expanded in size and added new extensions.

17. Santa Maria Maggiore

One of the four main Catholic churches in Rome. It has a very high status in the ecclesiastical rank of cathedrals (the highest status is assigned to the Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano). The first stone of the foundation of Santa Maria Maggiore was laid in the middle of the 4th century. In the 14th century, the church had a 75-meter bell tower. The facade, which has survived to this day, is a mixture of Romanesque and Baroque styles.

18. Church of Il Gesu

The main Jesuit temple in Rome, where Grand Master Ignatius of Loyola is buried. The first design of the temple was developed by Michelangelo, but the head of the order did not like it. In 1561, another architect, Giacomo Barozzi, began construction according to his own plan. Before the abolition of the Jesuit Order at the end of the 18th century, considerable wealth was stored in the Church of Il Gesu. The temple building itself was taken away from the organization. Only after 1814 was it returned.

19. Basilica of St. Clement

A unique archaeological site. The church consists of three levels. The lowest one was discovered in the 19th century and represents buildings from the 1st century AD. Frescoes and remains of decor have been preserved here. The second level is an early Christian church from the 4th century. The top level is a 12th-century basilica, with a Baroque facade, an atrium and a fountain inside. The interior decoration is rich, the walls are painted with frescoes from the 18th century.

20. San Pietro in Vincoli

The name of the church translates as “St. Peter in chains.” It is located on the square of the same name and was founded in the 5th century as a storage place for the chains with which the holy apostle was bound. Here is the tomb of Pope Julius II, designed by Michelangelo. One of the main decorations of the tomb is rightfully considered famous sculpture"Moses". Also buried in the church is the artist Antonio Polaiolo.

21. Church of Sant'Ignazio

The religious building of the Jesuit order in baroque style was built in 1626. It is located in Piazza Ignatius Laiola and is dedicated to this saint, who founded the order (he served as the prototype of Don Quixote). The church consists of many chapels, decorated with columns, arches and voluminous stucco. Numerous frescoes tell about the life of Saint Ignatius. The flat ceiling is decorated with frescoes in such a way that it creates the illusion of a domed structure.

22. Santa Maria in Trastevere

According to presumable data, this church was the first in Rome Christian temple. Its foundation dates back to the 3rd century AD. Located on the square of the same name in the Trastevere district. The building is rightfully considered a pearl of medieval architecture: the facade with arches and columns is decorated with colorful mosaics of the 12th century. The inside of the church is built according to the principle of a classical basilica. In addition to Catholic icons, Christian icons are also kept here.

23. Capitoline Museum

The world's first museum was founded in 1471, when Pope Sixtus IV gave the people of Rome a collection of antique bronzes. It is located on the Capitoline Square, designed by Michelangelo, in three palaces. An exhibition is presented in the New Palace classical sculpture. The Palace of the Conservatives houses world-famous ancient statues, a collection of Renaissance paintings, and a collection of coins. The main part of the Palace of Senators is occupied by the City Hall of Rome; the first floor is reserved for the museum.

24. National Museum of Rome

It is a museum complex located in four buildings. Palazzo Massimo houses exhibitions of ancient Roman jewelry, coins, as well as sarcophagi, frescoes and mosaics. Palazzo Altemps bears the name of its first owner, Cardinal Altemps. His personal art collection is on display here, as well as his collection antique sculptures and Egyptian exposition. The Balbi Crypt houses ancient Roman artifacts found during excavations. The building itself of the Baths of Deoclitian is already a unique architectural monument. Various exhibitions are held here; there is also a permanent exhibition of ancient sculptures, manuscripts and archaeological finds.

25. Doria Pamphilj Gallery

The private collection is exhibited in the Palazzo Doria Pamphili, on one of the main streets of old Rome. It began to be collected in 1651. The palace is the largest private palace in the city. The most widely represented are paintings by Italian painters of the 17th century. An interesting gallery of sculptures, a rich collection of antique furniture and fabrics. In total, more than 500 pieces are presented here, in six main halls.

26. Rome Opera House

The first name is the Constanzi Theater, after the name of its founder. The theater opened in 1880; in the 20th century, the building was acquired by the city authorities and partially rebuilt twice. World premieres of great composers took place on this stage, and the best voices in the world performed. Currently, both opera and ballet performances and concerts take place here. There is a ballet school attached to the theater.

27. Capuchin Museum and Crypt

Santa Maria della Canchezione is a small Roman church with a modest façade. However, the place is attractive for tourists. The Roman cardinal Antonio Barberini, a member of the Capuchin order, is buried here. Under the church there is a burial place for monks; the walls of the crypt are decorated with bones and skulls of more than 4,000 thousand who died from 1528 to 1780. Since 2012, a Capuchin museum has been organized here: the exhibits tell about the history, traditions and secrets of the ancient Order.

28. Catacombs of Rome

Numerous underground galleries and labyrinths that lie beneath the surface of Rome. Many pre-Christian burials have been discovered here, but the foundations of some of the underground passages were created in the era of early Christianity. The first companions of Jesus hid in these dungeons. Here they held religious ceremonies, meetings, and prayer services without the danger of being discovered and caught.

29. Pyramid of Cestius

It is believed that the structure was erected in the 1st century BC. It served for burial purposes - here is the tomb of the praetor Gaius Cestius Epulus. Construction took place during the conquest of Egypt, when Ancient Rome the fashion for “Egyptian style” appeared. At that time, obelisks, sculptures and other monuments were removed from the Nile Valley. The Pyramid of Cestius reaches 37 meters in height and almost 30 meters in width.

30. Big Circus

Ancient hippodrome between the Palatine and Aventine hills. During the Roman Empire, chariot races were held here. Under Emperor Gaius Julius Caesar, the circus was rebuilt and grew to a fairly large size. More than 250 thousand people could watch the spectacle at the same time. In the spectator sector there were boxes for patricians and standing places for plebeians.

31. Appian Way

One of the most important roads of the Roman Empire, which led from the Eternal City to the south of the Apennine Peninsula. The total length of the route is more than 500 km. Construction of the road began in the 4th century. Thanks to the excellent quality of the pavement, the Appian Way made it possible to quickly reach places remote from the capital or transfer troops within a sufficient distance. short term. The road surface has survived to this day in very good condition.

32. Villa Borghese

A 16th-century palace built for Cardinal Scipione Borghese on the site of former vineyards. The building is surrounded by a huge English-style park with numerous antique statues. On the territory there is a hippodrome, a zoo, a theater and several museums. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the mansion with the park belonged to the Borghese family, then all the property went to the state.

33. Villa Medici

Located on the slope of Pincio Hill on the site of the former gardens of Lucullus. In the middle of the 16th century, the area near the hill became the property of Cardinal Medici, who built a villa-residence here for his family. After the extinction of the Medici dynasty, the house and surrounding lands went to the Lorraine family. Cardinal Medici acquired many works of ancient art to decorate the villa. Some examples can be admired in the Uffizi Gallery.

34. Spanish Steps

Staircase in Italian Baroque style in the center of Rome. It is recognized as one of the most picturesque in Europe. The stairs start at Plaza de España and lead up to Pincio Hill. The Plaza de España itself is a very expressive place where it is always pleasant to stroll among the flowering flower beds. In the 17th century, the Spanish embassy was located here. As a sign of good relations between the two countries, the piazza was named after Spain.

35. Trevi Fountain

The most famous Roman fountain of the 18th century, where every guest of the city is simply obliged to throw a coin for good luck. Several thousand euros worth of coins are thrown in every week. All money is given to a charitable foundation. The sculptural composition of the fountain consists of the figure of the sea god Neptune on a chariot and his companions. 16 architects fought for the right to work on the construction of the fountain.

For more than two millennia, the Eternal City has attracted everyone's attention. Rome is one of the most romantic and magnificent cities in the world.

The very first and most important date in the history of the Eternal City was April 21, 753 BC. On this day, Romulus, who killed his twin brother Remus, founded the city of Rome. After a few centuries, Rome grew from a small city-state to a powerful empire.

The most famous emperors of Rome are Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Gnaeus Pompey, Gaius Julius Caesar, Octavian Augustus, the Flavian dynasty, Trajan. Each of the emperors contributed not only to the political life of the state, but also to the appearance of the city, its architecture, and borders.

In 410, Rome was captured and ravaged by the Visigoths, and in 455 the city was sacked by the Vandals. Since then, the city has experienced many attacks and seizures.

In 1943-1944, Rome was occupied by the Germans, but, fortunately, major destruction occurred during the Second World War I didn’t bring it to the city.

Region	Lazio
Population	2,761,477 people
	753 BC e.
Population density	2197 people/km²
Timezone	UTC+1, in summer UTC+2
Postal code	00100 (generico), 00121 - 00199
International dialing code

Climate and weather

Summer here is quite long and hot with an average air temperature of +25 °C and almost no precipitation. At the beginning of summer, sirocco winds blow in the city - winds that bring hot, suffocating air.

The average air temperature in winter is +5 °C. Winter is quite mild, almost without frost or snowfall. The fallen snow can lie for no more than two days, and then melts. In winter, the city is sometimes visited by cold Trimontane winds.

Nature

Rome is located in the center of the Apennine Peninsula and lies on seven hills: Viminal, Quirinal, Caelian, Aventine, Capitoline, Palatine and Esquiline. Situated in a hilly lowland, Rome is surrounded on three sides by small mountains: Prenestani, Sabini, Albani and Sabatini. The plain between these mountains is called the Roman Campania. In the city itself there is Mount Mario, 141 meters high, as well as the Pincio and Janicolo hills.

Rome is divided into two parts by the Tiber River. Previously, the river was quite deep, which caused floods and spills in the city. In the 19th century, high stone parapets were erected on the city's embankments; there was no longer any threat of flooding.

There are not many green spaces in Rome. All the greenery is concentrated mainly in the private villas and gardens of local aristocrats, but there are also public squares and parks. It cannot be said that the Eternal City is surrounded by greenery of vineyards and olive groves, but still these representatives of the flora are often found here.

The Romans themselves prefer to relax in picturesque places near Rome. For example, to the east of the city are the Tiburtine Mountains, where the beautiful Aniene River flows and there are magnificent waterfalls.

Attractions

The most important Roman attraction is the Colosseum, or Flavian Amphitheater. The largest amphitheater in the Roman Empire was built in 80 on the site of Nero's artificial sea. Josephus built the Colosseum to erase the Romans' memories of the cruel Nero.

The Trevi Fountain is located on the square of the same name. The sculptural composition of the fountain shows the god of the sea Neptune, who moves towards the ocean on his chariot drawn by winged horses and young sea gods.

Not far from Via dei Fori Imperiali is the Forum Romanum, which was the most important religious and political center of the entire Roman Empire. On Piazza della Rotonda is the main Roman temple - the Pantheon (translated as “dedicated to all gods”).

The world famous Sistine Chapel is located in the Vatican Museum. It was built between 1473 and 1481 by order of Pope Sixtus IV. Here you can see the Last Judgment fresco by Michelangelo and many other frescoes by famous artists. It is here that conclaves, secret meetings of cardinals regarding the choice of a new pope, have been held since the 15th century.

On Piazza di Santa Maria Maggiore there is one of the largest Roman churches - the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore (431). Not far from the Spanish Steps is the Villa Borghese art museum, where works by Leonardo da Vinci, Rubens, Raphael, and Titian are displayed.

No less popular city attractions are the Arch of Constantine (first mentioned in 315), whose height reaches 21 meters, the Castel Sant'Angelo (2nd century) with its luxurious armory, and St. Peter's Cathedral (16th century). And don't forget to visit the most small state in the world - the Vatican.

Nutrition

In Rome, both those who like to eat quickly and inexpensively, and gourmets will find places to their liking. The most famous Roman restaurant is Agata e Romeo, where you will be offered completely unique dishes: spiced rabbit, tomatoes in caramel glaze, cucumber sorbet and a fairly large list of culinary exotics. The Il Convivio restaurant also offers its visitors a unique menu, where you can try exotic meat dishes and desserts, ricotta and pumpkin blossom filling, and also check out the restaurant’s rich wine list.

You can try classic home cooking at the Spinosi Alberto restaurant. Specialties include traditional homemade cakes and fish prepared according to an ancient recipe.

Vegetarians will fall in love with Margutta Vegetariano-RistorArte, which features live music on weekends. Seafood lovers should visit La Rosetta restaurant and order their fish platter. The menu of the family restaurant Vicolo delle Grotte consists of European cuisine. La Taverna del Ghetto restaurant serves the best traditional Italian cuisine.

The Gusto restaurant is divided into a pizzeria and a restaurant serving European cuisine. And in the Glass Hostaria restaurant you will enjoy not only excellent Italian cuisine, but also interesting modern design.

Accommodation

The cost of living in hotels in Rome has remained one of the highest in Europe for many years. But believe me, in Rome the price will justify the quality. Many hotels here are based on a former ancient castle or mansion, which adds a certain zest to the stay. Interesting fact is that prices in hotels in Italy are set by the state.

The most popular hotels in Rome are Archimede 3*, Polo 4*, Savoy 4* and Majestic 5*.

Entertainment and relaxation

The capital of Italy will appeal to shopaholics, lovers of nightlife, inquisitive fans of excursions, and lovers of natural beauty.

The most famous club in the city is Gilda. The nightclub Piazza Siena Art Café often hosts music concerts, various presentations and fashion shows, and during the day - movie lunches, when you can have lunch while watching a good movie. At the Chiariti Café you can enjoy aromatic coffee during the day and jazz and blues in the evening.

Club Escopazzo boasts its own bar with very original cocktails and snacks. A wide variety of parties take place at the Alien club. Excellent music, interior and excellent relaxation conditions await you in the Piper and Radio Londra clubs.

Purchases

The main shopping street in Rome is the central street Via del Corso, which runs through the entire center and consists entirely of shops.

The “boutique” streets can easily be classified as Via Condotti, Frattina, Sistina, Borgognona and Gregoriana streets. There you can purchase the latest models of clothing, shoes and accessories from leading European designers. Here you will find showcases of world famous brands Dolce & Gabbana, Armani, Gucci, Valentine, Trussardi, Giantranco Ferre, Rocco Barocco, Laura Biagiotti and many others.

For more economical shopping, we recommend you go to the Via Nazionale area or the already mentioned Via del Corso. Here, next to the boutiques, there are more modest shops with prices that are affordable to everyone, and the quality of the goods in them is quite decent.

The chains of large department stores Coin, La Standa, La Rinascenta and Upini are very popular among Romans and tourists. But it’s still cheaper to shop in small private shops, most of them are located near Termini Station.

Transport

You can get around Rome by public transport: metro, tram or bus. There is also an “undecided trolleybus” in Rome - part of the route it travels like a trolleybus on wires, and the other part like a bus, with its “horns” lowered.

The Rome metro opened in 1955 and today consists of two lines. It is planned to build two more lines, but archaeological excavations do not allow this yet.

All city public transport belongs to one company, so single travel tickets apply to all types of transport. They can be purchased at metro ticket offices, newspaper and tobacco kiosks, as well as from vending machines at bus stops. When entering the bus or tram, do not forget to validate your ticket. If the composter does not work, then write the date and time of boarding on the ticket with a pen. Try to buy a travel ticket in advance, as drivers do not always sell them.

In Rome, a ticket for one trip lasting up to 75 minutes costs 1 euro, and during this time you can ride on several routes (for example, changing a bus to a tram). In Rome, you can purchase one-day, three-day and weekly passes. They cost 4.1 euros, 11 euros and 16 euros respectively. There are travel passes for a longer period, but for this you will have to issue a special certificate. Students of European universities enjoy a discount on travel.

Don't be surprised if the taxi driver doesn't stop when you wave your hand. The fact is that in Rome taxi drivers stop only in specially designated places. So you will have to look for their stop.

Connection

The capital of Italy, the country with the most developed mobile communications, is also not deprived of good telephone network coverage. There are four mobile operators in the country: TIM, Tre, Vodafone and I WIND. The cost of the services provided is almost the same, regardless of the operator. Only special promotions and offers can influence your choice. You can purchase a SIM card at the office of a communications company representative, at a post office, or even in a regular store. Prepaid cards are also sold there. The card seller can give you good advice on choosing an operator.

You can use a regular landline telephone not only from a hotel or bar, but also from a street pay phone. For such a call, you will also need a prepaid card, but of a different type. It is quite easy to buy in the city: in most shops and kiosks. It is most profitable to make international calls in weekdays from 22:00 to 8:00 and during Sundays, these times are preferential.

There are many Internet cafes in Rome, as well as free hotspots in various public places. Such places are marked on some maps of the city.

Safety

Rome is considered a very safe city; problems with tourists rarely happen here. You can safely walk around the historical part of Rome both day and night. But still, you should not be completely careless - do not forget about the basic rules of caution.

The biggest danger comes from pickpockets and shippatores (thieves on mopeds), who snatch bags from passers-by as they move. You can come across such robbers in the area of ​​Termini Station and other crowded places: at the Colosseum, on the Spanish Steps, at the Trevi Fountain. They act very professionally - you definitely won’t be able to react in time. Their objects are handbags, cameras, video cameras. Try to hold or hang such things in front, and not on your shoulder.

Pickpockets pull out wallets, take off watches and jewelry. Therefore, try to leave valuables at the hotel. In addition, pickpockets often ply their trade on public transport, and the most popular routes among them are buses No. 40 and No. 64, which go from St. Peter's Basilica to Termini Station.

Also, don’t forget your bags on the seats of cars - this is a big temptation for street thieves.

Beware of the little gypsies, they have also been trained to work professionally. While some will distract you, others will quickly “cleanse” you.

Business climate

Rome has two largest exhibition centers: Fiera di Roma and Nuova Fiera.

The most important and oldest exhibition center in Rome is the Fiera di Roma. It hosts various exhibitions, forums, business meetings, seminars, conferences and presentations on a national and international scale.

The Nuova Fiera exhibition center was built relatively recently. It has become one of the main exhibition centers not only in Italy, but also in Europe, Nuova Fiera quickly reached the world level. The exhibition center has an area of ​​186,000 square meters, located a couple of kilometers from the center of Rome.

Real estate

Rome's real estate is similar to that of most European capitals. There are both pros and cons here. The disadvantages include the low level of profitability from investments in Roman real estate, high level gas pollution in the Italian capital, as well as the difficult economic situation in Italy (growing unemployment and declining GDP per capita). Do not forget that Rome is landlocked, and this significantly limits the tourism sector.

Despite such preconditions for the lack of investment and transactions in general, the real estate market in Rome remains attractive to investors for many decades. Rome is one of the world's oldest capitals and combines the cultures of several eras. Housing in the central part of the city is put up for sale extremely rarely, and if such an event does happen, then the demand for it is extremely high. As they say, it is being snapped up like hotcakes. There have been no housing development sites in the center of Rome for a long time. Throughout the city, new housing is built extremely rarely, so transactions are more often made with the old housing stock.

We recommend that tourists move around the city on foot, since the sights of Rome are literally at every step. In this case, it will not be superfluous to have a phrasebook with you, since local residents The situation is not very good with foreign languages. It is better to change currency at large banks or at a hotel.

If you are going on a tour of the Vatican, wear closed clothing - no short skirts or shorts and a top with a low neckline and short sleeves. And if you are going to the catacombs of St. Callistus, dress warmly, because the maximum temperature there is +15 °C.

In cafes and restaurants, it is customary to leave a tip of 10% of the total order.

Between 13:00 and 16:00, most government offices and shops are closed for lunch.