Squares of Valencia. The central square of Ayuntamiento and the City Hall of Valencia. What to see and where to go in Valencia

Valencia (Spanish: Valencia) is a city in Spain, the center of the autonomous community of Valencia, the third most populous city in Spain after Madrid and Barcelona. The city was founded by the Romans in 138 BC, and in 413 AD. conquered by the Visigoths. In 714, Valencia was conquered by the Moors and included in the Cordoba Caliphate. The city was finally conquered by Christians from the Moors only in 1228 under King Jaime I of Aragon. Valencia has a rich medieval history, traces of which are fully preserved in its historical center, which, due to its territorial limitations, allows you to explore its architectural and historical sights in a relatively short time.

One of these attractions is the Serranos Gate. It is one of Valencia's two remaining ancient city gates. The gate is built in the Gothic style architect Pere Balaguer in 1392-1398, and were used both for protection from the enemy and for official ceremonies. In 1865, it was decided to demolish the city walls, of which the Serranos gates and towers were part - they were left due to the fact that, starting from the 16th century. and until 1887 the tower buildings were used as a prison for Spanish nobles. During civil war in Spain the towers were used as storage for valuable museum works and exhibits. Currently, the gates and towers of the Serranos play an important role in the traditional announcement of the Valencian holiday "Las Fallas".

Among the bas-reliefs located on the gate towers, you can find a winged dragon, which was once placed on the coat of arms of Valencia. In 1503 the dragon was replaced bat. There are different versions about why this replacement occurred. One of them says that a bat landed on the helmet of King Jaime I of Aragon during the battle with the Moors for Valencia. According to another version of the legend, an arrow fired at the king hit a bat that hovered near him and thereby saved his life.

Currently, a bat crowns the coat of arms of VALENCIA, located above two letters L with a crown above them. The two letters L come from the Spanish word “leal” - devotee. They appeared on the coat of arms of Valencia by order of King Pedro IV in gratitude for the fact that the city twice remained loyal to the monarch during two sieges of the city by his rival, Pedro the Cruel. Now the image of a bat can be found on cards public transport, on the Valencian coat of arms football club and in many other places throughout the city, including on sewer manholes.

The central square of Valencia is the Plaza de la Virgen, which was previously the center of life in the Roman city of Valentia, as recalled by the marble tablet in the center of the square.

One of the main buildings on the Square of Our Lady is the Basilica of the Holy Virgin, protector of the disadvantaged, which is considered the “heart” of the city and is one of the most significant Catholic churches Valencia. The basilica was built between 1652 and 1667, and was named in honor of the Holy Virgin Mary, who is considered the patroness of the city. In the main hall of the Basilica - behind the altar - its main relic is kept: a sculptural image of the Virgin Mary - a statue made in the Gothic style. An urban legend says that in the Middle Ages, when a beggar who had no relatives or friends was buried, this particular statue was taken out of the church behind his coffin, thus seeing him off on his last journey.
At the beginning of the 20th century, a decision was made to expand the Basilica building, according to which its building should have the highest dome among all city buildings. But the civil war prevented the implementation of this project.

The fountain in the center of Notre Dame Square glorifies the Turia River and symbolizes the need for artificial irrigation of the soil in the dry and hot climate of Valencia. In Spanish, the word river (el rio) is masculine - so Turia is depicted as a man reclining in the center of a fountain, surrounded by eight naked girls with typical Valencian hairstyles, who, in turn, personify the eight irrigation canals of the Turia River.

Also overlooking Notre Dame Square is one of the facades of the Main Cathedral of Valencia (La Catedral de Valencia), a huge Gothic-style cathedral built in the Middle Ages. Valencia Cathedral is one of the earliest cathedrals in Spain Gothic period: the construction of its main part continued from the 13th to the 15th centuries, and individual parts of the Cathedral were completed until the end of the 18th century. Therefore, the architecture and decoration of the Cathedral, built primarily in the Gothic style, also contains elements of such styles as Romanesque, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassicism. In 1931, the church was declared a monument of history and art.

The cathedral is built in the shape of a Latin cross and has 3 entrances, made in different centuries. On the Square of Our Lady is the oldest, Gothic entrance to the Cathedral, called the Entrance of the Apostles (Puerta de los Apostoles) - in honor of the figures of the 12 apostles that decorate the entrance to the Cathedral.

Main facade Cathedral Valencia faces the Queen's Square (Plaza de la Reina).

It is believed that it is in the Valencia Cathedral that one of the most highly revered Christian relics is located - the Holy Grail. According to legend, the cup “traveled” a lot - first St. Peter took it to Rome, then it came to Huesca, and only after that, in the 14th century, it ended up in Valencia. This relic, from which, according to legend, on the eve of his execution the Savior received communion, recognized by the Pope himself. During times of persecution of Christians, the cup was carefully hidden, and only after the expulsion of the Moors and the revival of Christianity in Spain, the Holy Grail was transferred to the Cathedral of Valencia.

In the main chapel of the Cathedral you can see a 15th-century altar, the panels of which were painted by Fernando de Llanos and Fernando Yañez de la Almedina.

The Government Palace (Palau de la Generalitat) is also located on the central square of St. Virgin Mary. The building of the Government Palace is very ancient: its construction began in 1421 under the leadership of the architect Pere Conte. The architecture of the Palace contains a mixture of Gothic and Renaissance styles. In the middle of the 20th century. a group of architects developed and implemented a project to reconstruct the Government Palace building, recreating its original appearance as much as possible.

Walking past the Government Palace towards the already mentioned Serranos Gate, you can see an unusual monument that symbolizes both the “pre-Colmubian” economic prosperity of Valencia and its inextricable connection with the Turia River. In 1957, during heavy rains, the waters of the river, which then flowed in the city center, rose and flooded Valencia. After this, the riverbed of the Turia was moved, and a city park was built in the dewatered riverbed.

Once upon a time, the Moors nicknamed Valencia “blessed land.” Centuries later, the feeling of the city has not changed at all, although Valencia has since become a modern, dynamic metropolis. Over two thousand years of history, a colossal cultural code has accumulated here.

Valencia was founded by the Romans in the 1st century. Since then, it has managed to be a province of a powerful empire, part of the Moorish state and an independent Christian principality until it entered the united Kingdom of Spain.

Valencia has several Blue Flag beaches within its city limits where you can enjoy a wonderful holiday, and is also home to the famous fire festival Las Fallas, which attracts thousands of tourists every year. And all the guests of the city probably try the delicious Valencian paella.

The best hotels and inns at affordable prices.

from 500 rubles/day

What to see and where to go in Valencia?

The most interesting and Beautiful places for walks. Photos and brief description.

1. City of Arts and Sciences

A modern entertainment complex, a real architectural pride of all of Spain. The futuristic ensemble, created by Santiago Calatrava, strongly contrasts with the historical city quarters. There is an exhibition gallery, a museum-city of sciences, a planetarium (which includes a cinema and a laser show theater), Opera theatre and an aquarium. The complex has been open to the public since 1998, and has been under construction over the following years.

2. Serranos Gate

Ancient city gates, preserved from the 14th century. They were intended to defend the city and repel enemy attacks. Over the past centuries, the gate towers have served as a prison for nobles and as a storage facility for museum exhibits during wars (the collections of the Prado Museum were specially evacuated here to protect them from possible bombing). In modern times, Serranos serve a symbolic function.

3. Quart Gate

The second (after the Serranos Gate) ancient gate that has survived to this day, guarding the entrance to Valencia. From here begins the entrance to the old central part of the city. The structure was built in the Neapolitan style from limestone and stone and is reminiscent of a medieval Italian fort. Several centuries ago, the gate towers housed a women's prison. In 1931, the building was given the status of a historical monument.

4. City Hall Square

The square is located in the historical part of Valencia. Important public events for the city are held here. There are several attractions on the square: the central post office, the Trade Assembly building and the Municipality (city hall). The last building deserves special attention. This picturesque palace the end of the 18th century, decorated with baroque bas-reliefs, figured arches and balconies.

5. Plaza de la Reina

Queen's Square is one of the most crowded and lively in Valencia. Several major streets converge here. The place received its name in honor of the wife of ruler Alfonso XII, Queen Maria. The square is decorated with flower beds, alleys and cozy cafes. On the north side there is a cathedral with a high bell tower. From Plaza de la Reina the mileage report of all Valencian roads begins.

6. Valencia Cathedral

Cathedral in honor of the Holy Virgin Mary, main christian temple Valencia. It was erected before the arrival of the Moors on the Iberian Peninsula. During the Arab rule it was converted into a mosque. In the 13th century the cathedral again became a Christian monastery with the blessing of the Valencian bishop. The building was built in the so-called “Mediterranean Gothic” style. Here lies one of the most significant Christian relics - the Holy Grail.

7. Basilica of Our Lady of the Defender of the Dispossessed

The temple is located next to the Cathedral of the Holy Virgin Mary and is connected to it through a gallery. This seemingly inconspicuous church plays an important role for local residents, since it is here that the image of the patroness of the city, St. Mary the Intercessor, is kept. The statue is considered miraculous; people turned to it during disasters, wars, epidemics and other troubles that befell Valencia.

8. Church of Saints John

The temple is dedicated to two biblical characters - John the Theologian and John the Baptist. The building was built in the 13th century on the site of a destroyed Arab mosque after the expulsion of the Moors. In the XIV and XVI centuries. There were two severe fires in the temple, after which the building was rebuilt. The final appearance, which has survived to this day, is an 18th-century building with an elegant façade in the Baroque style.

9. Church of Santa Catalina

Temple located near the Valencia Cathedral, dedicated to the Christian martyr Catalina. According to legend, Catalina suffered for her faith and wisdom. By order of Emperor Maximilian, she was flayed alive. The cult of St. Catalina quickly spread throughout Europe. The Valencian temple in her honor was built under Jaime I on the site of a demolished Arab mosque.

10. Valencia Museum of Fine Arts

A 17th-century building that formerly housed a school for the clergy. It houses outstanding collections of famous Spanish artists, including El Greco, Velazquez and Goya. Separate exhibitions are dedicated to representatives of the Valencian art school - Nicolas Falco, Rodrigo de Ozon and others. The museum also boasts paintings by famous Italian and Dutch masters.

11. Palace of the Marquises of Dos Aguas

The palace is considered one of the most beautiful buildings in the city. The building features an intricate and luxurious Baroque façade – a true work of art. Interior also decorated with special pomp. The palace houses a ceramics museum, where several thousand exhibits are exhibited. Here you can find unique ceramic products dating back to the 16th century. Jewelry collections, furniture and interior items are also presented.

12. Generalidad Palace

The seat of the government of the Autonomous Region of Valencia, open to tourists at certain times. Construction of the palace began in the 15th century by order of the Council of Deputies. The northern façade of the building faces Place de Manises; on the opposite side there is a cozy picturesque garden. The Generalidad underwent a large-scale reconstruction in the middle of the 20th century and has retained almost its original appearance.

13. Lonja de la Seda (silk exchange)

An architectural complex consisting of several buildings from the 15th and 16th centuries. This is an outstanding creation of Spanish architects. In the Middle Ages, silk trade was carried out on the territory of the complex. The ensemble includes a tower, an orange courtyard, a meeting room and a main columned hall, in which trade transactions were directly carried out. In this room, on the multi-colored marble floor, the rules of trade are carved in Latin.

14. North Station

The main city station where trains from Madrid arrive. The building was built at the beginning of the 20th century in the “Southern Art Nouveau” style with some pretentiousness and pomp. The interiors are originally decorated with tiles, tiles, mosaics, stained glass windows and images of fruits. The architect Demetrio Ribes worked on the project. Perhaps he was trying to capture the image of a blooming garden in stone.

15. Plaza de Toros (bullring)

A large round arena-amphitheater for bullfighting. Located next to the North Station. The site was designed in the 19th century by Sebastian Monleon. The diameter of the arena is 52 meters, the capacity is up to 16 thousand spectators. The best bullfighters perform here, and about 25 fights are held annually. Inside there is a bullfighting museum where you can learn about the history and features of this national show.

16. Central Market

A large food market where products from all over the region are brought. Here are the best farms of the Autonomous Region of Valencia. The stalls sell dozens of varieties of cheese and jamon, sweets, fish, seafood, nuts, and ingredients for making paella. The market is always lively and noisy. The building itself, where the shops are located, is a picturesque structure with colored stained glass windows and wrought iron grilles.

17. Columbus Market

An Art Nouveau trading platform named after the great discoverer, but having nothing to do with him. Here you can not only buy fresh food or souvenirs, but also have a delicious meal or taste countless and varied tapas. On holidays, the market is transformed and becomes a concert arena, where various performances are given.

18. Turia River Gardens

Huge park complex in the former bed of the river. Turia, which stretches across the entire city. It consists of several zones, which include the Royal Gardens, the City of Arts and Sciences and the Botanical Garden. In the middle of the 20th century, after another major flood, the authorities decided to change the course of the Turia River, and in the resulting area they organized a green park area (at first they planned to build a road). This is how modern Gardens appeared.

19. Bioparc Valencia

A progressive city zoo, where the most natural and comfortable conditions are created for animals. Opened to the public in 2008. There are no fenced enclosures or cages in the biopark, so animals can move freely around large area. Visitors are prohibited from feeding or touching zoo inhabitants. The territory is divided into several zones where animals from different continents are housed.

20. Albufera Natural Park

A lake in the vicinity of Valencia and marshy areas around it, which local residents called "small sea". This is the habitat of a large number of waterfowl. They nest here in whole flocks and are not at all afraid of people. Several species listed in the Red Book are found in Albufera Park. The best way explore the natural beauty of the territory - take a boat tour.

It ranks third in population after the capital of Spain, Madrid, and. Even in ancient times, these lands were known for their profitable geographical location, which attracted the constant gaze of many empires to Valencia.

Now it is a famous Mediterranean resort with stunning architecture. These regions have a very mild climate and beautiful beaches, which attracts many tourists all year round. to this day it preserves famous monuments of architecture and art.

Story

For five centuries in a row, the lands of the Valencia region belonged to Muslims. Arabs made up a third of the population. However, to this day from them Not as many traces have survived as, for example, in Andalusia.
From sources ancient history it is known that the Arabs were extremely inventive in agriculture. When they were expelled from these territories, the lands of Valencia began to decline,passed to the Aragonese crown and became the capital of the kingdom of the same name. These times were marked by strong development of the region, which reached its peak by the 16th century. During this period, the majestic buildings of the Palace, the Cathedral, as well as the Silk Exchange and the City Assembly were built in Valencia.became very influential in the Mediterranean, d About 1865 it was surrounded by monumental fortification walls, of which only the main towers now remain. They have hardly survived to this day. Only the gates of the Torros de Quarte and Torros de Serrano fortifications have reached us. XV century Streets , especially some of them - very narrow and picturesque - retain the memory of the distant Middle Ages.

Sights of Valencia

Valencia, Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary(La Catedral de Valencia) XIII-XIV centuries in the Gothic style, symbolic of Valencia. It is located in the old town quarters on the Square of the Holy Virgin. Once upon a time, this was the center of public life, where important meetings took place. The building was rebuilt several times. The Catalan Cathedral-Basilica is made in mixed styles: there is Romanesque
style, French Gothic, Renaissance, Classicism and the constant Baroque style. It was decided to design the main entrance in this style, and the previous old entrance - in the Gothic style. The ancient Gothic facade of Valencia Cathedral depicts the starry sky, the 12 apostles and the Blessed Virgin Mary. Cathedral building Valencia was founded on the site of an ancient Arab mosque. Some historical facts They also say that it was on this site that the Roman temple of Diana was located. Initially, it was planned to dedicate the Cathedral to Saint Salvador, but after the Reconquista it was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Cathedral Valencia notable for the fact that it houses works by Goya, Selini, Borja, as well as many other works of art from the Valencian school of painting of the 15th-17th centuries. In the Chapel of Santo Calis rests a cup considered the Holy Grail. The bowl is made of green agate and decorated precious stones and pearls. It is kept in a casket made by the Italian master Giuliano Poggibonsi. According to legend, it was from this cup that Jesus gave communion to his disciples at the Last Supper.

La Catedral de Valencia


Valencia, Plaza de la Virgen- the oldest and most beautiful in. In ancient times, the Roman Forum was founded here, between two tributaries of the Turia River. The central part of the square and its unique symbol is a fountain. The main figure depicts Turiya surrounded by seven mythical maidens, symbolizing the seven channels of the river. The Valencia Fountain is also famous for the fact that many people come here to feed the pigeons.
Since Roman times, this ancient square of irregular shape was the main one, then the Ayuntamento square took precedence. However, it is the Square of the Holy Virgin that has been preserved as the center of public life in the city of Valencia , this is the best place to watch wedding ceremonies. Nearby are the Basilica de los Virgen, the Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Government Palace of Valencia, built in a mixture of Gothic and Renaissance styles. There are many restaurants and cafes nearby.

Valencia, Miguelete Bell Tower (Torre del Miguelete)- Gothic bell tower of Valencia from the 14th century, the construction of which lasted 4 centuries in a row. The tower is built on an octagonal base, the perimeter of the bell tower is 50 meters. During the long and difficult period of its construction, several architects were involved: Jose Franch, Pedro Balaguer, Martin Llobet and others. The bell tower of the city of Valencia acquired its finished form only in 1736. From the top of the tower, where the observation deck is located, a wonderful view of the city surroundings opens up. Valencia and sea. The Valencia Tower owes its name to the Miguel bell, weighing 10 tons, which was cast in 1532. The bell was consecrated on St. Miguel's day. The Miguelete Bell Tower is designed in 4 parts, equal in area. In the first part of the tower there is a spiral staircase of 207 steps, the second part was used as a shelter, the third part of the tower with two windows is the “house of the bells”, and in the fourth there is a bell hall. From the top of the bell tower there is a stunning view of the landscape of the city of Valencia.
Torre del Miguelete
Calle de la Barchilla 1, 46003

Valencia, Modern architectural scientific and entertainment ensemble "G""City of Art and Science" (Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciencies), which later became a symbol, was founded in 1991 on the site of the dried up river bed of the Turia River. The very idea of ​​​​implementing such a plan appeared back in 1989. The Valencia Science Museum project had to exceed all expectations with its grandiose scale and innovative ideas. Two famous architects worked on the project: Santiago Calatrave and Felix Candele, who began construction of the museum in 1994. Now it is the most important attraction of modern Valencia. The architectural complex consists of five separate buildings: Hemisphere (L"Hemisferic)- the earliest building designed in the shape of an eye. There is a planetarium, an IMAX cinema and a laser theater here. Hemisphere opened in April 1998. The building is notable for its size and dome, which allows for huge 3D projections. The area of ​​"Hemisphere" is 14,000 m2. The building is surrounded by a 24,000 m2 swimming pool.

The second building of the complex -L'Umbracle.There is a botanical garden and a gallery of sculptures by famous contemporary masters under open air.

The Reina Sofia Theater (El Palau de las Arts Reina Sofia) is an opera house and stage for theatrical productions.

Prince Philippe Science Museum (El Museu de les Ciencies Principe Felippe) It resembles the skeleton of a whale and is located on three floors of 40,000 m2.
On the territory of the City of Arts and Sciences there is a bridge called El Puente del "Assut de l"Or, which connects southern part Valencia with Menorca street. On this street is the highest point of the city - a column 125 meters high.

Oceanographic Museum of Valencia (L"Oceanografic)- with the largest open-air oceanographic aquarium in all of Europe. The museum is designed in the shape of a water lily flower. Building area 40,000 m2 was opened in 2000.

Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciencies,
Avenida Autopista del Saler 7, 46013

Valencia, North Station building (Estacion del Norte)- this is one of the most famous architectural monuments in. The station was built in 1906-1917. using the latest technologies at that time. The structure of the station tent is made of metal. Style - European modern. Thanks to this style, the station building stands out quite clearly from other buildings with its straight lines. The decorative elements of the facade are, first of all, multi-colored mosaics.
Estacion del Norte,
Calle de Alicante, 46004

Valencia, Turia Gardens (El Jardin del Turia) - a park designed in the bed of the river of the same name, which once flowed through the very center and flows into the sea. This is the largest park in Spain, located on an area of ​​110 hectares. In 1957, the river partially flooded the city, and after almost three decades it was decided to move it outside Valencia to the south. In 1986, a park known throughout Europe with rich vegetation, flower beds and paths was opened on the site of the river. The Turia Gardens cross Valencia from the futuristic City of Arts and Sciences to the Bioparc. It is noteworthy that Biopark is a corner wildlife, created in conditions modern city in such a way that the wild exotic animals living here do not feel cramped at all: there are no usual cages or fences here.
El Jardin del Turia,
Plaza del Ayuntamiento 13, 46002

Valencia, Central Market (El Mercado Cantral de la Ciudad de Valencia)- one of the most crowded places in. The market building was built in Art Nouveau style with an area of ​​8160 m2. However, it is quite difficult to define a building by one style: several styles were used in construction. The architects who came up with the idea for the project are Francisco Guardia and Alejandro Soler. The market is located between the market square and the Silk Exchange building (La Lonja de la Seda). The Valencia Market building was built over 18 years: from 1910 to 1928. on the site of two old residential buildings. The market consists of two main parts: the octagonal part where the fish market(1400 m2), and an irregular polygon (6760 m2), representing the rest. The 7,690 m2 basement now houses an impressive parking area. The halls of the market building are designed in the form of intersecting streets, each of which is named accordingly. The market impresses with its many stalls, where they prepare food from the freshest and most exotic products, meat and fish of various varieties that cannot be found in traditional stores. Fish and seafood are especially delicious here. It is noteworthy that the building is now approximately 90 years old. Since 2004, renovations have been gradually carried out here, and the work of the market does not stop for a day.
El Mercado Cantral de la Ciudad de Valencia
Plaza del Mercado 6, 46001

Valencia, Gulliver Amusement Park belongs to the Turia River Bed project and has been open since 1990. The design of the park was thought out by the architect Rafael River and the artist Manolo Martina Sento. From above, the park takes the shape of a person lying on the ground. As you might guess, this is Gulliver, consisting of ladders, ropes, tunnels, ramps, slides, benches and other various attractions for children, and the children themselves, according to the architect’s idea, play the role of Lilliputians.
Parque Gulliver,
Puente del Reino, 46023

Valencia, Silk Exchange (La Lonja de la Seda)- built in 1482-1548.The building is made in the late Gothic style.The main attraction of the exchange is the grandiose Sala de Contratacion hall with large windows, decorated with marble of various colors and shades.

The ceiling height of the hall is 17 m, and its area is 700 m2.It is noteworthy that in 1996 La Lonja de la Seda was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Once upon a time, oil and other small goods were traded here.
However, over time, silk business began to flourish here.
La Lonja de la Seda,
Plaza del Mercado 30, 46001

Valencia, Bullring Arena ( Corridas de Toros)- a huge Colosseum with a height of 17 m and a diameter of 52 m, where spectacular bullfights are held to this day, was built in the 19th century: in 1850-1860. There is also a bullfighting museum here. The arena was designed by the architect Sebastian Monleon Estelles and resembles the Colosseum in Rome and the Roman Amphitheater. This is the most important arena in the city, where traditional bullfighting has been taking place for 150 years in a row. Concerts and performances are also held here.

Corridas de Toros, Calle Xativa 28, 46004

Valencia, Cuarte Towers (Torres de Quart)- the city gates of Valencia from the 15th century are one of the few surviving fragments of the huge city wall-fortress. In the 19th century it was dismantled to expand the space of the city. The towers were built in 1441-1460. On their facade there are visible marks from shelling, reminiscent of the French invasion and the Spanish Civil War. However, the strong structure remained unshaken. In 1931, the Cuarte towers became a national monument. They are named after the road leading to the Cathedral, located in the center, as well as to the small town of Quart de Poblet.
Torres de Quart,
Calle de Guillem de Castro 74, 46001

Valencia, Serranos Towers (Torres de Serrano)- another example of a perfectly preserved fragment of a gate from an ancient city wall, which once consisted of only 12 gates.The towers were built in 1398. The gate got its name from the name of the Los Serranos road, which led from here to Zarragosa. After the fire inFrom 1586 to 1887, a prison was organized here for the nobility who had fallen out of favor, who were then sent to the monastery of St. Augustine. During the Spanish Civil War, it was in the fortified towers of the Serranos that the rich collections of priceless works of the Prado Museum were kept.The city walls were destroyed in 1865, but the towers have been preserved to this day.
Torres de Serrano,
Carrer del Comte de Trenor
Almudine Grain Palace in the Muslim style of the 14th century. The palace building is painted with picturesque frescoes depicting the patron saints of trade. It was here that the Museum of Fine Arts was located, where the works were kept, which were then transferred to the Prado Museum. Since 1996, an exhibition center has been opened in the building.

Worth visiting: botanical garden 1767 - one of the first in Spain; the house of dragons, carved out in a whimsical Valencian Art Nouveau style; the well of St. Vincent - the patron saint of the city, the El Saler golf club in 1968 - the fifth largest golf course in Spain and the 31st in Europe; house-museum of the Catholic Saint Vincent Ferrer the Wonderworker; repository of relics of the Casa de la Rocas from 1437; The America's Cup Regatta Pavilion is the most striking modern building in the port; Plaza de la Reina in the old center of Valencia; Museum of Enlightenment and Modernity; the Fallas Museum, dedicated to the brightest and most important holiday; City Museum; Museum of Fine Arts of the 19th Century; Maritime Museum; Museum of Ceramics, the Art Museum of St. Pius V and the Church of St. Augustine.

Holidays in Valencia

The most spectacular holiday in- this is Las Fallas - the festival of fire.

It is celebrated once a year, starting on March 15, the eve of St. José's Day. This holiday comes from ancient pagan traditions and is associated with the celebration of the spring equinox. The history of the holiday goes back to ancient times, when artisans, returning late in the winter to their homes, lit wooden lamps on the windows, which, according to tradition, were burned at the doorstep with the onset of spring and long, bright evenings. Over time, these lamps began to be “dressed up” as stuffed animals and burned along with various household rubbish and old things that were left over from the winter. So the wooden lamp took the form of a whimsical doll (“Ninot”) with symbolic images of some characteristic character. Thus, the doll (falla) became the main element of the fallas celebration in Valencia. Initially, "falla" meant "fire", but over time this name

began to be applied to compositions of dolls burned at the stake.

Another important tradition of the holiday later was the appearance of a theme with a satirical or comic overtone, usually played out with humor. The dolls symbolize various events from history and moments in people's lives. In the 18th century, a new tradition place puppet characters on pedestals. It was at this time that the traditional fallas was formed, which is celebrated in Valencia to this day. Only the dolls have now become much more diverse, more complex and brighter. Now these dolls are made from papier-mâché, wood and cardboard, and compositions from them can be up to 20 meters high. Dolls - all kinds of cartoon characters, heroes of fairy tales and comics - literally come to life on the streets of the city. The compositions are full of dynamism, they can be very intricate and complex, which really boggles the imagination. This holiday seems especially magical to children.

It is noteworthy that the fallas tradition in Valencia was initially well received by almost all segments of the population, especially the middle class, but received clear disapproval among the Puritans. They believed that the ritual of burning dolls on the streets of the city and the noisy festivities associated with it revived pagan traditions in a Christian society and distracted people from work and responsibilities. Fallas is also interesting because during the holiday, ordinary people and people of the upper strata of society united in one common tradition, which blurred the lines of many conventions.

The modern fallas in Valencia is accompanied by a noisy carnival, marches, “mascaleta” (the art of pyrotechnics), endless fireworks and salutes, explosions of firecrackers, music, dancing and songs. On the night of March 19, thousands of lights light up on the streets of Valencia: at this time, the main ceremony of burning dolls takes place.

all properties in the autonomous region of Valencia.

It is not at all necessary to know what attractions await you upon arrival. The guide will lead you, show you and tell you. Your task is only to keep up with the group. It's another matter if you plan independent travel. It is useful to study before your trip what you can see in the area where you will go. The Internet is the best helper for this.

Sights of Valencia

This summer our family visitedValencia(Spanish) Valencia). It is the third largest citySpain, after Madrid And Barcelona. And in this article I will briefly tell you what you can see in this city.

We came from Alicante on North railway station (Estación del Norte, Estacion del Norte). And this was the first attraction we saw.

Construction of the station began in 1907, and it opened in 1917. The facade of the building is made in the Art Nouveau style, which was very fashionable in Spain at that time. The station is decorated with colorful ceramic tiles, mosaics, tiles, stained glass and other decorative elements depicting regional symbols and products of the fertile Valencian soil.

Since 1961 it has had the status of a historical and artistic monument, and in 1983 it was recognized as a cultural heritage site. Today, the station continues to effectively perform its functions and at the same time arouse the admiration of tourists.

Opposite the station is located bullring. Unlike Catalonia V Valencia this spectacle is not prohibited. In the arena building there is Bullfighting Museum, which was founded in 1929. Here you can get acquainted with the history of bullfighting in Valencia over the many centuries of its existence. Visitors can see posters and posters, costumes and capes of great matadors dating back to the 19th century. Also presented are engravings and bullfighting instruments dating back to the 18th century. An entire hall is dedicated to biographies and portraits of famous bullfighters, as well as an overview of bulls and techniques for preparing matadors for fights. In addition, the museum invites you to visit the audiovisual hall, where you can watch outstanding battles of the past. After which you can take a walk around the arena itself.

Monument to the matador in front of the museum entrance.

Literally a block from the station there is the beautiful City Hall Square ( Placa de l'Ajuntament). To get there from the station you need to go along Marques Sotelo Avenue (Marques de Sotelo).

In the main square of the city, two outstanding official buildings immediately attract attention: Valencia main post office () and actually Valencia City Hall.

In 1854, the city hall moved from a dilapidated building, on the site of which there is now a small garden near the Gothic palace of the Palau de la Generalitat, to the building of a former college Casa de Enseñanza. This educational institution was created in the 18th century on the initiative of Archbishop Mayoral ( Andrés Mayoral) and was intended for girls deprived of their livelihood. The school building was used by the mayor's office from the middle of the 19th century, and from 1904 to 1942. was significantly rebuilt.

The City Hall is open to tourists from Monday to Friday from 09:00 to 13:00 (unless official events are taking place). In four halls of the city hall there is Historical Museum Valencia. Entrance to the building used to be free, like all municipal museums, but now it’s 3 euros. During your visit, in addition to the museum, you can also explore the interiors of the Crystal Hall and the Meeting Hall.

Valencia General Post Office, more precisely Palace of Communications (Palacio de las Comunicaciones) opened in 1923. The architectural style of the building can be defined as eclecticism: features of classicism, baroque and modernism are combined here. Noteworthy is the tower-shaped steel structure on the roof of the building. This is an exact copy of the television tower that was previously located here, which is 30 meters high and topped with armillary sphere. Hidden inside is a spiral staircase that takes you up to the viewing terrace.

WITH City Hall Square there is a view of a very elegant building Bank of Valencia). To see it, you need to go to the right of the main post office to the beginning of the street Calle de las Barcas. The bank building erected on a triangular site (1942) is considered the most outstanding example Valencian neo-baroque, clearly demonstrating the changes that have occurred in the architecture of public buildings Valencia after the Civil War.

If with City Hall Square continue walking along Avenida Marques Sotelo, then you can go to Place de la Reina (Plaza de la Reina), which is located in the heart of Valencia's Old Town. Here you can see the Cathedral, which began to be built in the 13th century and was completed several times. As a result, one can observe a mixture of different architectural styles: from Romanesque art and Gothic, to Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassicism.

For an additional fee you can climb the narrow staircase (207 steps) to the cathedral Miguelete bell tower orMikalet(Miguelete). Tickets cost 2 euros, the entrance to the tower is located to the left of the main entrance to the cathedral. The name of the bell tower comes from the name of the large bell (one of the largest in Spain), which is located at the top of the tower and chimes the time. This large bell was consecrated on St. Michael's Day. Co observation deck The bell tower offers a magnificent view of Valencia.

WITH Place de la Reina you can see another bell tower gothic Church of Santa Catalina ( Iglesia de Santa Catalina). You can enter the temple from SquaresLope de Vega, the decoration of the temple is quite ascetic.

Nearby there is a small round Redon Square (Redona). Here you can buy souvenirs.

Behind the cathedral is located Square of St. Virgin Mary, aka Sobornaya. Here you can see the western portal Cathedral And Apostolic Gate, Basilica of Our Lady of the Defender of the Dispossessed(BasilicadelaVirgen delosDesamparados) and fountain Rio Turia (Fuente del Turia), symbolizing the river Turia and its eight tributaries.

If you turn left from the Square of the Virgin Mary, you can immediately go to Palace Generalitat(Palacio de la Generalidad), where the government of the province of Valencia meets, and then we walked along Serrano Street and came to Gate of Torres de Serano (Torres de Serrano). In the 14th century, the gate was built as part of the fortress wall to protect the city, but fortunately, it was never used for this purpose, becoming primarily the main “trade” gate. From the end of the 16th century to the end of the 19th Torres de Serrano served as a prison for noble prisoners (like the Bastille in France or the Tower in England). The gate was restored in 1930, and is now a museum and symbol of the city.

IN Old town One more old gate has been preserved. Twin Towers Torres de Quart are located two kilometers west of the Cathedral, next to Botanical Garden Valencia. On the massive walls of the towers, traces of cannon shots from the war on the Iberian Peninsula are visible (Armed conflict of the early 19th century, in which the Napoleonic Empire was opposed by the alliance of Spain, Portugal and England). In 1931 the towers Torres de Quart were declared a national monument Spain.

From the gate Serano you can walk around Turia Gardens. Until 1957 through the city Valencia The Turia River flowed, but then the course was changed, and now there is a park in the place of the river. Here Valencians and city guests relax and play sports.

A large number of bridges in the city serve as a reminder of the river.

On the opposite side of the former river bed Turia located Museum of Fine Arts (Museo de Bellas Artes de Valencia), which houses the richest collection of paintings in Spain. The collection includes paintings from the Middle Ages to the early twentieth century. The most famous of them: “John the Baptist” by El Greco, a self-portrait by Diego Velazquez, works by Goya. The museum is located in the ancient building of the Catholic College named after St. Pius the Fifth.

Aside from our route in the old town there were several important attractions cities worth returning to on the second day. This is the Silk Exchange building Lonja de la Seda (Lonja de la Seda), a 15th-century architectural monument built in the Gothic style. The exchange is included in the list World Heritage UNESCO in 1996 as a striking example of late Gothic, symbolizing the wealth of Mediterranean trading cities.

For 3 euros you can explore the halls of the exchange.

Nearby is Church of Saints John, also known as the Church of San Juan del Mercado (Iglesia de los Santos Juanes). Built over the site of an ancient mosque in the 13th-14th centuries. The façade of the church stands out for its beauty.

And right there is located Central Market). This is not only a monument of art from the modernist era, but also a functioning food market.

Shopping arcades at the Central Market.

Palace of the Marquises of Dos Aguas (PalaciodelMarquesdeDosAguas) is a magnificent noble mansion, which has housed it since the mid-20th century. The building attracts attention with the originality and richness of the decoration of the facade.

Even if you do not have the time or desire to visit the museum located in this building, it is worth coming here to admire the beautiful portal of the building.

The city is famous for its porcelain and ceramics. We also purchased hand-painted ceramic tiles as a souvenir. IN Valencia Since ancient times, there have been two types of ceramic painting: on unglazed clay tiles with paints of two colors: black and brown, and colored enamel painting.

If you go from the station along Ksativa Street, you can go to Public library Valencia, which was founded in 1938 in a 15th-century hospital building (Hospital de Folls de Santa María de los Inocentes). The building, shaped like a Greek cross, is surrounded by an archaeological garden where you can see the city's historical artifacts.

Another building in the Art Nouveau style - Columbus Market (Mercado de Colón). In the last century Mercado de Colon was a traditional Spanish bazaar, but at the same time it was a masterpiece of architecture of national importance.

After reconstruction in 2003, it became a shopping and entertainment complex with restaurants, tapas bars and boutiques. On holidays and special days Mercado de Colon becomes a venue for concerts and performances.

At the end of Columbus Street is Sea Gate Square (Porta de la Mar), a gate that has not survived led to the road to the coastal settlements and the royal port. Now the main architectural feature of the square is Triumphal Arch, built in 1948.

It is unusual in that it is crowned with a black bat. At first, it was crowned by a winged dragon, but in 1503 it gave way to a mouse.

IN cultural center of Bankakh(Centro Cultural Bancaja) are held various events dedicated to contemporary art and culture: expositions, exhibitions, theatrical and musical performances, forums, conferences and seminars. Ticket price is 2€, admission is free on Sundays.

Close to Sea Gate Square located architectural ensemble medieval Monastery of Santo Domingo). The oldest building of the monastery complex is considered to be the Royal Chapel, built in the 15th century. Prominent Spaniards, including Rodrigo Mendoza, are buried here. Now the monastery complex, which is a monument of Spanish historical and cultural heritage, houses barracks.

Well, here we have looked at the most significant attractions old city, now we go to the seashore.

Here is located Royal Yacht Port named after Juan Carlos I. It starts with the 19th century hangars called “Los Tinglados” (Los Tinglados) And famous House with a clock (Edificio del Reloj), former building Port Authority with an amazingly beautiful clock tower.

Across the road from the hangars is the maritime museum in the old Royal Harbor warehouse building.

A modern complex for holding 32nd America's Cup Sailing Regatta, and subsequently became the exclusive venue for the European Championship "Formula 1". And the building called "Veles and Vents"(Veles e Vents) “Sails and winds” have become the main symbols of the coast of modern Valencia.

Then the city beaches stretch for seven kilometers Las Arenas And Malvarosa(Malvarosa).

A futuristic complex was built one and a half kilometers from the port.

On the opposite outskirts of the city there is a large zoo - Bioparc Valencia. People and animals here are separated not by glass and barriers, but by ponds, plants and rocks, so visitors seem to be immersed in the animal’s habitat. In the biopark, everything is done in such a way as to bring the living conditions of animals as close as possible to those in which they live in the wild.

It is worth mentioning metro Valencia, in which it is convenient to move around the city. This is what a station looks like, for example: Alameda.

On the map:

Visit the bullfighting museum and bullring. Go to amazing city arts and sciences with unusual futuristic buildings. Try horchata at your local market. Climb the tower of the Cathedral. Sunbathe on the city beach and then head to Lake Albufera to watch the birds.

Valencia is a magnificent city that combines antiquity and modernity. It is located at the confluence of the Turia River with Mediterranean Sea. The ancient Greek colony of Thuris was once located here. Later the settlement came under the rule of Carthage, and in 138 BC. e. was captured by the Roman Empire. The Roman consul Decius Junius Brutus ordered the founding of a city called Valentia (Latin for “brave”).

After the Romans, the Visigoths came to Valencia, and in 718 the Moors. With their arrival, a new stage of growth and development of the city began. During the period of power of the Cordoba Caliphate, 15 thousand inhabitants lived here. Highest point Valencia reached its peak in the 11th century - it became the capital of the Arab state.

Catedral de Santa María de Valencia was founded in 1262. This early Gothic temple was built during the 13th-14th centuries. Later it was reconstructed, and now only the old portal of the Apostles remains Gothic - the remaining parts of the building acquired characteristic Baroque features.

The cathedral became the center of public life in the city; Disputes were resolved there and meetings of residents were held. Now a museum has been created at the temple. Its exhibition includes the Holy Grail, recognized by the Pope, which is kept in the Chapel of Santo Calis (or Capitular Hall). Also here are collected paintings by great artists of Spain and Italy.

Remains of the defensive walls of Valencia

In the 16th century, Valencia developed rapidly. It became the financial capital of Spain. At this time many were built most beautiful buildings historical center, and along the perimeter the city was surrounded defensive walls. Over time, these walls were destroyed. Only the gate (Torres de Serranos) - in the north and the gate - in the west have survived.

Square of the Holy Virgin

The heart of historical Valencia is called (Plaza de la Virgen) - the patroness of the city. Once upon a time, this triangular-shaped area resembled an island and was surrounded by the waters of the Turia River.

After severe flooding, the river was diverted from the city center. Only the fountain in the square reminds us of it. In the 17th century, the Basílica de la Virgen de los Desamparados was built here, next to it is the Miguelete Cathedral Tower (El Migulete) and the Gothic Tower (Palacio de la Generalidad Valenciana).

City of Art and Science

Valencia has many modern architectural masterpieces. (Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias), which also became a symbol of Valencia, was created by Santiago Calatrava Valls. Guests of this City visit the Hemisphere Planetarium (El Hemisfèric), the Science Museum (El Museu de les Ciències Príncipe Felipe), the Palace of Arts (El Palau de les Arts Reina Sofía) and the garden gallery (L’Umbracle). In the Oceanographic Park (El Oceanográfico) you can get acquainted with the inhabitants of the deep sea.

Calatrava also created a project for the Palace of Music with amazing acoustics and a convenient layout of the hall. The brilliant Valencian architect designed and new bridge through Turia, similar in shape to a white sail.

Events, holidays, events

Fire Festival in Valencia (Fallas) (photo: calafellvalo)

The city, where cultures of different times and peoples have united, hosts many holidays. The brightest of them is considered to be Patron's Day, and the most spectacular is the “festival of fire”. This is a tradition that has been preserved since pagan times. Fallas takes place in the spring - March 15th. People collect all the rubbish that has accumulated over the year, make symbolic huge dolls out of it, and burn them at night. After this, costume processions and carnivals open. The action ends with the offering of flowers to the Holy Virgin. Valencians bring many bouquets to the temple, and florists create real masterpieces from them. It must be because of this custom that Valencia is called the “city of flowers.”

Download maps and guides to Valencia

Valencia city transport