Monuments of the cultural heritage of France. UNESCO World Heritage Site France. Exhibitions and various events

Each year, this honor is awarded for excellence in one of seven creative areas: crafts and folk art, design, cinematography, gastronomy, literature, music and media art.

New cities included in the list include: Adelaide (South Australia) in the music category; Al-Hasa (Saudi Arabia) in the direction of arts and crafts and folk art; () for achievements in gastronomy; Detroit (USA) in the design category; Liverpool () in the direction of music; Ljubljana (Slovenia) in the literature category; Lubumbashi ( Democratic Republic Congo) in the direction of arts and crafts and folk art; Santos (Brazil) for achievements in cinematography; in the design category and Varanasi () in the music category.

Cities usually go a long way toward being recognized by UNESCO, which involves significant society and public investment in the arts. Therefore, receiving such a high title was greeted in these cities with great joy and a sense of pride.

South Australian Arts Minister Jack Snelling was delighted that Adelaide was included in the Creative Cities Network as a 'City of Music', saying it was a great honor for the city. The city's active music community presents 950 live concerts every month, in addition to large annual music festivals, such as the world famous Womadelaide event, which attracts thousands to Adelaide every year.

Liverpool Mayor Joe Anderson was also very proud to be included on the Network as a 'City of Music'. He told BBC News: "Liverpool is renowned around the world for its influence on the music industry and this status is the highest recognition of that, it is absolutely in keeping with the spirit of the city, it is the highest accolade for a city that lives and breathes music." The judges were unanimous in their decision, calling Liverpool a "musical paradise", home to festivals such as the International Music Festival, Sound City and Psych Fest. It is also worth considering the important role of the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra and the Creamfields dance music festival in the city's music industry.

The UNESCO Creative Cities Network was created in 2004 and this moment unites 116 cities.

Here is a list of 47 cities included in the UNESCO Creative Cities Network:

Adelaide (Australia) – music
Al-Ahsa (Saudi Arabia) – crafts and folk arts
Baghdad (Iraq) – literature
Bamiyan (Afghanistan) – crafts and folk arts
Bandung (Indonesia) – design
() – literature
(Brazil) – gastronomy
Bergen () – gastronomy
Bitola (former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) – cinematography
Budapest (Hungary) – design
Burgos (Spain) – gastronomy
Varanasi (India) – music
Gaziantep (Türkiye) – gastronomy
Denia (Spain) – gastronomy
Detroit (United States of America) – design
Jaipur (India) – crafts and folk arts
Duran (Ecuador) – crafts and folk arts
Idanya-a-Nova () – music
Isfahan (Iran) – crafts and folk arts
Katowice () – music
Kaunas (Lithuania) – design
Kingston (Jamaica) – music
Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo) – music
Liverpool (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) - music
Lubumbashi (Democratic Republic of Congo) – crafts and folk arts
Lviv (Ukraine) – literature
Ljubljana (Slovenia) – literature
Medellin (Colombia) – music
Montevideo (Uruguay) – literature
Nottingham (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) – literature
(Portugal) – literature
Austin (United States of America) – digital art
Parma () – gastronomy
Puebla (Mexico) – design
() – gastronomy
Rasht (Iran) – gastronomy
(Italy) – cinematography
Sazayama (Japan) – crafts and folk arts
Salvador (Brazil) – music
San Cristobal de las Casas (Mexico) – Crafts and Folk Arts
Santos (Brazil) – cinematography
Singapore (Singapore) – design
Tartu (Estonia) – literature
Tucson (United States of America) – gastronomy
Tongyeong (Republic of Korea) – music
Ulyanovsk (Russia) – literature
Ensenada (Mexico) – gastronomy

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France – amazing country. Centuries-old history, eventful, left her with many architectural, historical, and cultural places of interest. In addition, France is rich in picturesque natural places. Its varied landscapes are literally breathtaking. World organization UNESCO has not left this country without its attention. After all, this country has added countless sites to the World Heritage List.

Versailles is palace and park ensemble, residence of the French kings. This luxurious palace, which matches the bright Baroque era of the Sun King, is considered the most beautiful palace in all of Europe. Its lavishly decorated halls are truly impressive. It’s also nice to stroll through a neatly trimmed, well-groomed regular park around the palace. That is why the place has become one of the most visited in all of France.

In the north-west of France, between the provinces of Normandy and Brittany, the granite island of Mont Saint-Michel is located. The Romanesque-Gothic monastery of the Benedictine abbey rises on it with a huge spire. The most impressive ebbs and flows in all of Europe are observed here. Once a lunar day, water can flow back several kilometers. And then, returning, he blocks the dam, which is the only road to the island.

Let's go back to the distant past, to primitive times. At that time there was no such state as France, but, nevertheless, people already lived on its territory. In the province of Languedoc, archaeologists found amazing caves Lasko. They found a large amount rock paintings. They were even nicknamed the Sistine Chapel of the primitive period. Paintings and engravings appeared here around the 18th to 15th centuries BC. Just imagine!

On the island of Corsica, which is French territory, there is a National Park - Calanque Bays. These are rocky formations, mainly consisting of granite. Over time and under the influence of the wind, they acquired bizarre shapes. Getting to the place is extremely difficult. Can only be done by water or via mountain range. But those who had enough patience and got to the coast will definitely not regret it. It is not for nothing that local landscapes are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

preserved in France amazing monuments since Roman rule. These are mainly ancient amphitheaters. There are such in the cities of Arles, Orange, Lyon.

Message quote UNESCO World Heritage: France. Palaces and parks of Versailles. Part 1

The UNESCO World Heritage List in the French Republic includes 37 items (as of 2011), this is 3.8% of the total (936 as of 2011). 33 objects are included in the list according to cultural criteria, with 17 of them recognized as masterpieces of human genius (criterion i), 3 objects are included according to natural criteria, each of which is recognized natural phenomenon of exceptional beauty and aesthetic importance (criterion vii), as well as 1 mixed object, also falling under criterion vii. In addition, as of 2010, 33 sites in France are among the candidates for inclusion in the World Heritage List. The French Republic ratified the Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage on June 27, 1975.

UNESCO experts have decided that French gastronomic culture, with its rituals and complex organization, is worthy of inclusion in the prestigious List of Intangible Cultural Heritage. For the first time in the world this status was received National cuisine, which indicates “its widespread recognition.”
Experts of the Intergovernmental Committee of UNESCO satisfied the request of France in the art of Alençon lace - they were included in the List of Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Food is part of the French national identity. Normandy, Provencal, Burgundian and Alsatian cuisines differ from each other as much as the inhabitants of these regions. “It must be said that French cuisine is subject to numerous influences, which allows it to create new dishes and new tastes. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this openness, especially given the characteristics of modern society,” says Hubert de Canson, Deputy Permanent Representative of France to UNESCO.

Versailles Palace and Park

Versailles is a palace and park ensemble in France (French Parc et château de Versailles), the former residence of French kings in the city of Versailles, now a suburb of Paris; center of tourism of world importance.

Versailles was built under the leadership of Louis XIV in 1661, and became a kind of monument to the era of the “Sun King”, an artistic and architectural expression of the idea of ​​absolutism. The leading architects are Louis Levo and Jules Hardouin-Mansart, the creator of the park is Andre Le Nôtre. The Versailles ensemble, the largest in Europe, is distinguished by its unique integrity of design and harmony of architectural forms and transformed landscape. Since the end of the 17th century, Versailles has served as a model for the ceremonial country residences of European monarchs and aristocracy, but there are no direct imitations of it.

From 1666 to 1789, before the French Revolution, Versailles was the official royal residence. In 1801 it received the status of a museum and is open to the public; since 1830, the entire architectural complex of Versailles has become a museum; In 1837, the Museum of French History opened in the royal palace. In 1979, the Palace of Versailles and its park were included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Many significant events in French and world history are associated with Versailles. Thus, in the 18th century, the royal residence became the place where many international treaties were signed, including the treaty that ended the American War of Independence (1783). In 1789, the Constituent Assembly working in Versailles adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen.

Chapel_and_Gabriel_Wing_Palace_of_Versailles
Northern view

South facade. Versailles 2

In 1871, after the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War, the creation of the German Empire was proclaimed in Versailles, occupied by German troops. Here in 1919 a peace treaty was signed, ending the First world war and laid the foundation for the so-called Versailles system - the political system of post-war international relations

View of the palace from the park

Versailles_-zicht_op_de_Écuries
The history of the Palace of Versailles begins in 1623 with a very modest hunting castle, similar to a feudal one, built at the request of Louis XIII from brick, stone and slate roofing on the territory purchased from Jean de Soisy, whose family owned the lands since the 14th century. The hunting castle was located in the place where the marble courtyard is now located. Its dimensions were 24 by 6 meters. In 1632, the territory was expanded through the purchase of the Versailles estate from the Archbishop of Paris from the Gondi family, and a two-year reconstruction was undertaken.

La Victoire sur l"Espagne Marcy Girardon Versailles

Louis XIV

Since 1661, the “Sun King” Louis XIV began to expand the palace in order to use it as his permanent residence, since after the Fronde uprising, living in the Louvre seemed unsafe to him. Architects Andre Le Nôtre and Charles Lebrun renovated and expanded the palace in the classicist style. The entire façade of the palace on the garden side is occupied by a large gallery (Gallery of Mirrors, Gallery of Louis XIV), which makes a stunning impression with its paintings, mirrors and columns. In addition to it, the Gallery of Battles, the palace chapel and the Royal Opera House also deserve mention.

Louis XV

After the death of Louis XIV in 1715, the five-year-old King Louis XV, his court, and the Council of Regency of Philippe d'Orléans returned to Paris. Russian Tsar Peter I, during his visit to France, stayed in May 1717 in the Grand Trianon. The 44-year-old Tsar, while in Versailles, studied the structure of the Palace and parks, which served as a source of inspiration for him when creating Peterhof on the shore Gulf of Finland near St. Petersburg (Verlet, 1985).

Versailles changed during the reign of Louis XV, but not as much as it did under Louis XIV. In 1722, the king and his court returned to Versailles and the first project was the completion of the Salon of Hercules, the construction of which began in last years the reign of Louis XIV, but due to the death of the latter it was not completed.

The Little Apartments of the King are recognized as a significant contribution of Louis XV to the development of Versailles; Chambers of Madame, Chambers of the Dauphin and his wife on the first floor of the Palace; as well as the personal chambers of Louis XV - the King's small apartments on the second floor (later rebuilt into Madame DuBarry's apartments) and the King's small apartments on the third floor - on the second and third floors of the Palace. The main achievement of Louis XV in the development of Versailles was the completion of the construction of the Opera Hall and the Petit Trianon Palace (Verlet, 1985).

Petit Trianon, palace

Small apartments of the king. Cabinet of golden service

Gaming salon of Louis 16th

Madame DuBarry
An equally significant contribution is the destruction of the Ambassadors' Staircase, the only ceremonial route to the Great Royal Apartments. This was done to build apartments for the daughters of Louis XV.

One of the gates

Inviolability of power. French royal court.

In the decoration of the gate there are symbols of the “sun” king

Golden Gate.

Palace of Versailles; Saint Leu stone,

There have been no significant changes in the Park compared to the times of Louis XIV; Louis XV's only legacy to the parks of Versailles is the completion of the Basin of Neptune between 1738 and 1741 (Verlet, 1985). In the last years of his reign, Louis XV, on the advice of the architect Gabriel, began reconstructing the facades of the courtyards of the Palace. According to another project, the Palace was to receive classical facades from the city side. This project of Louis XV also continued throughout the reign of Louis XVI, and was only completed in the twentieth century (Verlet, 1985).

Hall of Mirrors

All accounts related to the construction of the palace have survived to this day. The amount taking into account all expenses is 25,725,836 livres (1 livre corresponded to 409 g of silver), which in total amounted to 10,500 tons of silver or 456 million guilders for 243 g of silver / Conversion to modern value is practically impossible. Based on the price of silver at 250 euros per kg, the construction of the palace absorbed 2.6 billion euros / Based on the purchasing power of the then guilder as 80 euros, the construction cost 37 billion euros. Putting the cost of building the palace in relation to the state budget of France in the 17th century, the modern sum is 259.56 billion euros.

Palace facade. Clock of Louis 14.
Almost half of this amount was spent on creating interior decoration. The best masters of the era Jacob, Jean Joseph Chapuis created luxurious boiserie. [source not specified 859 days] These expenses were spread over 50 years, during which the construction of the Palace of Versailles, completed in 1710, took place.

Emperor Augustus

Roman busts

The site of the future construction required a huge amount of excavation work. Recruiting workers from surrounding villages was difficult. Peasants were forced to become “builders.” To increase the number of workers on the construction of the palace, the king banned all private construction in the surrounding area. Workers were often imported from Normandy and Flanders. Almost all orders were carried out through tenders; contractors' expenses exceeding those initially named were not paid. IN peaceful times The army was also involved in the construction of the palace. Finance Minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert kept an eye on frugality. The forced presence of the aristocracy at court was an additional precaution on the part of Louis XIV, who thus ensured complete control over the activities of the aristocracy. Only at court was it possible to obtain ranks or posts, and those who left lost their privileges
Fountains of Versailles

On May 5, 1789, representatives of the nobility, clergy and bourgeoisie gathered at the Palace of Versailles. After the king, who by law was given the right to convene and dissolve such events, closed the meeting for political reasons, the deputies from the bourgeoisie declared themselves the National Assembly and retired to the Ball House. After 1789, it was possible to maintain the Palace of Versailles only with difficulty.

Architectural elements of the palace decoration
On October 5-6, 1789, first a crowd from the Parisian suburbs, and then the National Guard under the command of Lafayette, came to Versailles demanding that the king and his family, as well as the National Assembly, move to Paris. Submitting to forceful pressure, Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, their relatives and deputies moved to the capital. After this, the importance of Versailles as the administrative and political center of France decreased and was not subsequently restored.
Since the time of Louis Philippe, many halls and rooms began to be restored, and the palace itself became an outstanding national historical museum, which exhibited busts, portraits, battle paintings and other works of art mainly of historical value.

Proclamation of the German Empire in 1871

The Palace of Versailles was of great importance in German-French history. After the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War, it was the seat of the main headquarters of the German army from October 5, 1870 to March 13, 1871. On January 18, 1871, the German Empire was proclaimed in the Gallery of Mirrors, and its Kaiser was Wilhelm I. This place was deliberately chosen to humiliate the French.

A peace treaty with France was signed on February 26, also at Versailles. In March, the evacuated French government moved the capital from Bordeaux to Versailles, and only in 1879 again to Paris.

At the end of the First World War, a preliminary truce was concluded at the Palace of Versailles, as well as the Treaty of Versailles, which the defeated German Empire was forced to sign. This time, historical place was picked up by the French to humiliate the Germans.

The harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles (including huge indemnity payments and admission of sole guilt) fell heavily on the shoulders of the young Weimar Republic. Because of this, it is widely believed that the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles were the basis for the future rise of Nazism in Germany.

Marble courtyard of Versailles
After World War II, the Palace of Versailles became the site of German-French reconciliation. This is evidenced by the celebrations marking the 40th anniversary of the signing of the Elysee Treaty, which took place in 2003. Palace of Versailles

Born in the Palace

The following kings and members of their families were born in the Palace of Versailles: Philip V (King of Spain), Louis XV, Louis XVI,
Many palaces in Europe were built under the undoubted influence of Versailles. These include the castles of Sanssouci in Potsdam, Schönbrunn in Vienna, Great palaces in Peterhof, the Rapti Estate in Luga, Gatchina and Rundale (Latvia), as well as other palaces in Germany, Austria and Italy.

Palace interiors
Busts and sculptures

Bust of Louis XIV by Gianlorenzo Bernini

Busts in the Hall of Mirrors

Buste de Louis XV, Jean-Baptiste II Lemoyne (1749), apartments of the Dauphin, Louis 15

Madame Clotilde

Buste de Charles X, 1825, François-Joseph Bosio

Marie Antoinette

François Paul Brueys

Mirror gallery

Salle des croisades

Sleeping Ariadne

Escalier Gabriel

Petit_appartment_du_roi

Ceiling of the lobby

Entrance from the lobby

Lobby

Salle des gardes de la reine

Salon Louis 14, medallion depicting a Roman legionnaire

Salon de Venus, Louis XIV en empereur romain, Jean Varin


Coat of arms of Louis Phillipe
Paintings


Reception of the Persian ambassadors by Louis XIV, COYPEL Antoine


Creator:Claude Guy Hallé (Français, 1652-1736)

Louis 14, author unknown


The Sun King, Jean-Léon Gérôme (Français, 1824-1904)


Ambassador Ladder Model


Staircase.ambassadors





lobby decor,

Marie Josephine of Saxony and the Count of Burgundy, Maurice Quentin de Latour (author)

La remise de l "Ordre du Saint-Esprit, Nicolas Lancret (1690-1743)
Apartment Louis 14

Apartments Dauphin

Allegories, ceiling paintings,







The birth of the Duke of Burgundy at Versailles on 6 August 1682 by Antoine Dieu



Royal bedchamber in gold.









Blue office


Chambers in the Grand Trianon



Marie Antoinette


Bed Madame Pompadour


Napoleon's chambers
Palace decor

Angels, ceiling of the reception room


Mirror gallery


Coat of arms of Louis 14
Chandeliers and candelabra










Dining rooms and fireplaces

Porcelain

Josse-François-Joseph Leriche, Queen's toilet

Coyau

There are 46 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in France. Most of these are religious buildings. Also included in the list are cities with a rich history (old towns in Paris, Strasbourg, the papal town in Avignon, and the episcopal town in Albi) and natural objects(Porto Bay, lagoons of New Caledonia, nature of the island of La Reunion).

(In addition to material objects, there is also)

Full list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in France:

The oldest remaining intact today is the Cistercian Abbey (built in 1118).

• Ancient theater and Triumphal Arch Orange (le Théâtre antique et l’Arc de Triomphe d’Orange)

The theater in Orange was built during the reign of Emperor Augustus, in the 1st century. BC, veterans of the 2nd legion of Julius Caesar. Today it is one of the best preserved Roman theaters in the world. The huge outer wall with the original elevator remains intact. The triumphal arch was built later - in the 1st century. AD

• The architectural heritage of Le Corbusier

These are 17 architectural structures created in the 20th century. Franco-Swiss master Le Corbusier on three continents (America, Asia, Europe). Most of them are located in France: the houses of La Roche and Genre in Paris, the Villa Savoye in Poissy, the chapel of Notre-Dame du Haut in Ronchamp, the monastery of Sainte-Marie de la Tourette in Eveux, etc.

residential building in Marseille

• Basilica and the hill of Vézelay (la basilique et la colline de Vézelay)

The basilica, built by 1150, was largest center pilgrimage on the road of St. James of Compostela. It is an example of Romanesque architecture.

Mont Saint-Michel is a rocky island located in the English Channel in northern France. Famous for the abbey and its buildings towering over the island. Is one of .

• Vineyards, houses and cellars of Champagne

Vineyards and wine-related sites in the Champagne region.

• Le Havre city center, built after World War II

The city center of Le Havre, restored after the war (1945 - 1964) by the architect Auguste Perret, is included in the World Heritage List. This architectural ensemble is located on an area of ​​150 hectares and unites more than 12 thousand buildings - residential buildings, commercial, administrative and religious buildings, built according to the principles of the School of structural classicism of modern architecture of the mid-20th century.

56 beffrois in France and Belgium are inscribed in the world cultural heritage. French towers are located in Picardy and Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Bell towers are an exceptional example of urban architecture adapted to the political and spiritual demands of the time. Built in the Middle Ages, they became a symbol of the cities' independence from the feudal regime.

• Wineries of Burgundy

One of the recently added UNESCO sites (since 2015), glorifying the winemaking traditions of the Burgundy region.

The Loire Valley is an exceptionally beautiful landscape of historical cities and villages, great architectural monuments - , - agricultural land and the river itself.

• Roads of St. James of Compostelle (les Chemins de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle en France)

Part of the pilgrimage route from the center of Europe to the Spanish city, where the Cathedral of St. James of Compostela is located, passes through France.

• Ancient Roman monuments in Arles (les monuments romains et romans à Arles)

The ensemble consists of 8 objects located within a perimeter of 65 hectares, and includes a Roman amphitheater, an ancient theater, a Roman forum, baths, a fortress wall, a temple, etc.

• Episcopal town in Albi (la Cité épiscopale d'Albi)

The architectural ensemble is mostly medieval, made of burnt red brick.

A bay in the Mediterranean Sea in the western part of Corsica. There is a nature reserve on the coast.

The castle is located near Paris in the town of Versailles. It was the residence of the French kings Louis XIV, XV, XVI. The kings and their courtiers lived there permanently from 1682 to 1789.

Fontainebleau Castle is one of the royal residences near Paris; many French kings lived here from Francis I to Napoleon III. The building is made in the Renaissance and Classicism styles.

• Historical center of Avignon (Palace of the Popes, episcopal complex, Avignon bridge) (le Palais des papes, ensemble épiscopal, le Pont d’Avignon)

In the 14th century The popes of the Roman Catholic Church lived in Avignon.

Old Lyon is located along the Saone River at the foot of Fourvière Hill. This is a rare example of medieval and Renaissance cities that have remained almost untouched to this day.

• Fortress of Carcassonne

This medieval architectural ensemble is located in the city of Carcassonne on the right bank of the Aude River. The history of the fort dates back to the Gallo-Roman period. The fortress became famous for its double wall, almost three kilometers long, with 52 towers. The count's castle and basilica are also located inside.

• Lagoons of New Caledonia (les lagons de Nouvelle-Calédonie)

The incredibly beautiful lagoons of New Caledonia are located in Pacific Ocean. Belongs to France. Bounded by the longest coral reef in the world.

• Sites of ancient sites and grottoes with prehistoric paintings in the Vézère Valley (la vallée de la Vézère)

Of interest are prehistoric drawings found in 25 caves in the Weser Valley, 147 Paleolithic sites in an area of ​​30 by 40 km and hundreds of thousands of Stone Age artifacts.

• Sites of ancient settlements in the Alps (les sites palafittiques préhistoriques autour des Alpes)

We are talking about the remains of prehistoric lake dwellings around the Alps, dating from 5000 to 500 BC. These are 111 places around lakes, along river banks and in swamps. Only a small amount has been excavated, but the finds there provide clues to life in Europe during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages.

• Monastery church in Saint-Savin sur Gartempe (l’abbatiale de Saint-Savin sur Gartempe)

Included in the World Heritage List thanks to its well-preserved, unique wall paintings from the 12th and 13th centuries. (era of Romanesque art).

A three-level aqueduct bridge built in the 1st century. AD Considered the most high aqueduct, built by the Romans. It carried water from Uzès to the city of Nîmes. The aqueduct was used until the 6th century. Then the building began to be used as a bridge.

The UNESCO protected area is located between the Sully Bridge and the Jena Bridge (Bir Hakem Bridge for the left bank). On an area of ​​365 hectares there are 23 of the 37 Parisian bridges over the Seine, as well as two islands - Saint-Louis. In this area there are many monuments of the capital of France: , Place de la Concorde, …

Cave of Chauvet-Pont d'Arc

This is a Paleolithic cave discovered in 1994 in the Ardèche department. Named after its discoverer. About a thousand drawings and engravings, mostly depicting animals, were found in the cave.

• The Causses et les Cévennes plateaus: cultural landscapes of Mediterranean pastoralism

The protected areas of the Grandes Causses and Cevennes are located in the south of the Massif Central between 5 cities - Mandes, Ales, Ganges, Lodève and Millau. Important importance is given to the history of the development of the region, the organization here since the 11th century. large abbeys and the connections between farmers and their biophysical environment.

• Pyrenees – Lost Mountain (les Pyrénées – Mont Perdu)

The Pyrenees-Lost Mountain is a vast mountainous region on the border between France and Spain. Natural and cultural landscapes are protected.

• Peaks, craters and earthworks of Reunion Island (Pitons, cirques et remparts de l’île de la Réunion)

Natural heritage of the French overseas department in the southwest Indian Ocean. The protected area makes up almost 40% of the island.

• Place Stanislas in Nancy (la place Stanislas, Nancy)

The square was built by the will of the Duke of Lorraine Stanislo Leszczynski in 1755 by the architect Emmanuel Eray. It is considered one of the most beautiful squares in France.

Port of Luna is the so-called port in the city of Bordeaux due to the characteristic curved shape of the coast on which the port is located. The city's trading port was of great importance in the development of Bordeaux in the 16th-20th centuries.

• Provins, town of the medieval fair (Provins)

Provin - former capital Champagne County. Famous for the medieval fortifications surrounding the city.

Wine region 35 km from the northern part of the Dordogne Valley. It extends over 7846 hectares and has a population of 6 thousand inhabitants.

• Notre-Dame Cathedral, Saint-Rémy Abbey and Teau Palace in Reims (la cathédrale Notre-Dame de Reims, l’abbaye Saint-Rémi, le palais de Tau)

Notre Dame Cathedral in Reims was built in the 13th century. Suffered significant destruction during the First World War. But the statue of more than 2,300 statues has still been preserved intact.

The Basilica of the Abbey of Saint-Rémy is one of the ancient churches of France, built in the 9th century. It contains the relics of Saint Remy, the baptist of the first French king Clovis.

The Palace of To was the residence of the Archbishop of Reims and was also home to the French kings during their coronation. The palace got its name because of its shape - it is built like the letter T (Tau in Greek).

• Cathedral of Amiens (la cathédrale d'Amiens)

This is the most spacious French cathedral (200,000 m 3 ). One of the examples of the classic Gothic style. The cathedral has lost almost all of its original stained glass windows, but its western facade and portal are still decorated with sculptures from the 13th century.

• Cathedral of Bourges

Built between the end of the 12th and the end of the 13th centuries. Architecturally, it is remarkable for its harmonious proportions and the value of its tympanums, sculptures and stained glass windows.

• Chartres Cathedral

Masterpiece gothic architecture, its sculptures, stained glass windows and cladding have been preserved for the most part in their original form. The cathedral was built in the 13th century.

• Saltworks in Salins-les-Bains

An ensemble of two former saltworks. Salt production in these places has been carried out for 7 thousand years.

• Taputapuatea in Polynesia

Taputaputea is a commune on the island of Raiatea. French Polynesia. The UNESCO lists include places where ancient Polynesian cults were practiced.

• Fortifications of Vauban

Several cities (Arras, Besançon, Villefranche de Conflent, etc.) with fortifications by the military engineer Vauban.

• Strasbourg: c center (Grande-île) and German Quarter Neustadt (la Neustadt)

The old center of Strasbourg is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site as an example of a medieval city.

The German Quarter was built to the north and northeast of the Grand Ile, historical center, during the period when the city belonged to Germany (construction lasted from the 80s of the 19th century until the start of the First World War).

• Mines of Nord-Pas-de-Calais

It is an area in northern France in the departments of Nord and Pas-de-Calais, whose economic, social, environmental and cultural development is closely linked to intensive coal mining from the late 17th century. until the end of the 20th century.

The Canal du Midi connects Toulouse with Mediterranean Sea. It was built in the 17th century. during the reign of Louis 14 and was called by contemporaries “the construction site of the century.” This is the oldest operating canal in Europe.

a selection of useful services and sites for the traveler.