Competitive event about the 7 wonders of the world. Extracurricular event on the history of "7 Wonders of the World". Motivation for learning activities
Goal: introduce the children to the giant towers
- develop the ability to work in a group
- express your thoughts consistently
- expand your general horizons
- learn to communicate and exchange thoughts on a topic
- develop interest in the cultural values of the world
Equipment:
explanatory dictionaries,
encyclopedias,
additional reference material,
task cards,
writing instruments.
1. Organizational moment.
2. Frontal work.
How many wonders of the world are known?
Why are there seven of them?
Why are these cultural monuments called wonders of the world?
The ancient Greeks loved to travel and talk about what they saw in distant countries. One such traveler was a certain Philo, who lived in the 4th-3rd centuries. BC e. You and I have the opportunity to get acquainted with the first page of Philo’s diary, where he describes the Wonders of the World he saw. I'll read it to you now.
I saw Zeus at Olympia
And the miracle of the hanging gardens of Babylon,
I saw the Colossus of Rhodes
And the pyramids are the work of many and
Hard work.
I know Mausolus, a huge tomb,
But I just saw the temple
Artemis of Ephesus, who raised the roof
Until the clouds, everything else faded before him,
The sun sees nowhere equal
He is beautiful.
And on Pharos I saw a tower,
Everywhere for many miles she is visible
A traveler during the day, but at night they see from afar,
Floating on the sea, light from a great fire
At the very top of the lighthouse.
What wonders of the World did Philo describe during his travels?
What Wonders of the World have survived to this day?
3. Work in groups.
On your tables there are cards describing one of the wonders of the world. Determine what miracle of the world is being talked about.
- We were in Babylon. We were built by order of King Nebuchadnezzar for his beloved wife. A specially constructed wide tower with four tiers was used as a foundation for us. Of miracles, we are the most short-lived.
- My homeland is the island of Pharos in Alexandria. I am 135 meters tall. I am made up of three parts. At the top of my tower stands a six-meter statue of the god Poseidon.
- My body is made of ivory, and my clothes and jewelry are made of gold. In my left hand is a scepter, and in my right hand is the goddess Nike. For eight hundred years I sat on my magnificent throne.
- I was in Halicarnassus. My roof is built in the shape of a stepped pyramid. The roof is crowned by a group of horses harnessed to a chariot. I was built for King Mausolus as a huge marble tomb. My name came to mean a ritual building.
- They built me from marble in honor of the goddess Artemis. I was built by an architect named Khersiphon, who proposed to surround me around the perimeter with two rows of marble columns. I was burned in 356 BC.
- I stood guard at the entrance to the port of the island of Rhodes, off the coast of Asia Minor. My height is 34 meters. They made me from bronze plates. I lay in ruins for about 900 years. According to legend, the bronze plates were then removed from me and taken to Syria on camels.
4. Presentation of the work of each group.
5. Getting to know new material.
Today we will talk about new Wonders of the World. But you will learn about which ones by working in groups. There are instructions on your desks. Following the yellow instructions, complete the tasks and find out which Wonder of the World you will learn about today.
1 group. Instructions.
1. Determine the name of the Wonder of the World: solve the mathematical expression, match the result with the letters and write down the name.
2. Assemble the mosaic. On it you will see the object you are interested in.
6. Presentation of the work of each group.
The teacher shows pictures of the Wonders of the World.
What unites these Wonders of the World?
What is a tower?
Where can I find out the meaning of this word?
- A tower is a tall and narrow architectural structure.
- Elevation for guns on ships, tanks, armored vehicles.
- A tall and narrow multi-storey building.
Which definition suits us best?
7. - Now you have to find out about your Wonder of the World. Following the green instructions, complete all tasks and get ready to present your work.
Instructions.
1. Distribute roles:
Philologist ____________________
Geographer_____________________
Mathematicians_________________
Historians___________________________
2. Find a task for your profession among these tasks and complete it.
3. Prepare to present your work.
Assignment for mathematicians
Find numerical data about your tower in the text and write it down in a table.
Assignment for philologists
Find in explanatory dictionary interpretation of words: tier, arcade, bell tower, flagpole.
Assignment for geographers
Find and underline in the text in which country, in which city this wonder of the world is located.
Assignment for historians
Find and underline interesting information about the construction of the tower in the text.
Additional reference material:
The famous clock on St. Stephen's Tower began to be built in 1837. Their opening was timed to coincide with a solemn event: the ascension to the throne of Queen Victoria. This is one of the main symbols of England. The name of the watch was given by the English Minister of Labor Benjamin Hall, and they were named after him. At first, only the large bell inside the clock was called this way, but then both the clock itself and the St. Stephen's Tower on which it was installed began to be called Big Ben. Big Ben's dials face the four cardinal directions. It is estimated that the minute hands travel a total distance of 190 km per year. This clock stopped for the first time in 1981. Imagine that ordinary coins regulate the clock. If they lag behind or go ahead, the chief clock keeper places or removes a one-penny coin from the pendulum, which adds or subtracts the clock's progress. The minute hand is as big as a 2-decker bus. Clock tower - 100 meters. The clock mechanism weighs 4.5 tons.
This tower is an outstanding creation of twentieth-century construction technology. Built in Moscow according to the design of design engineer Nikolai Vasilyevich Nikitin. Construction of the tower took place from 1963 to 1967. At that time it was the tallest building in the world. The official lifespan of the tower is 150 years. The original height of the building was 533 meters, but then a flagpole was added. Today its height is 540 meters. The mass of the tower together with the foundation is 51,400 tons. The tower contains 5 freight and 4 passenger elevators. At an altitude of 337 meters there is a circular observation hall surrounded by glass, from which a panorama of Moscow opens. Just below the observation deck there is the “Seventh Heaven” restaurant with three rooms located one below the other. The tables in the halls are on a circular platform with glass railings. The platform, rotating slowly, makes a full revolution in one hour. And all this time, its visitors admire the beauty of the Russian capital. In a strong wind, the top of this colossus can deviate as much as 12 meters from its vertical position; the engineers made sure that the tower was flexible enough, like a rod. This is what allows it not to collapse in the strongest winds. The tower is equipped with the most modern equipment, television and radio antennas, antennas of cellular operators.
This tower is best known in the world for its defect - tilting from the vertical.
However, it is suggested that the architects of the tower intended their brainchild to be this way - inclined, but most likely, the not very reliable foundation or the movement of the earth played a role here. Over time, the tower began to deviate from the vertical. It rises on the “Piazza of Miracles” in the city of Pisa, located in northwestern Italy and reaches a height of more than 55 meters. The tower has 8 tiers. A spiral staircase of 294 steps inside the tower's brick-lined cylinder leads to an observation deck. There is also a belfry with bells. The lower tier of the tower is decorated with 15 semi-columns. 6 tiers of arcades with 30 columns each on the external galleries give the structure delicacy and incredible lightness. But this impression is deceptive, because, according to some calculations, the Leaning Tower with its 3-meter thick walls weighs approximately 14,500 tons. In 1990, this tower was closed to the public. Work has begun to strengthen it. To the great joy of tourists, on December 30, 2001, visiting this tower was resumed. However, some precautions were taken: no more than 30 people could visit the tower at a time. This tower could well have ended up in a book about miracles, even if it weren’t for the engineering miscalculation that made this creation of medieval masters truly unique.
This Parisian landmark is known throughout the world. The tower, named after its creator Gustave Eiffel, was erected in 1889. At that time it was the tallest structure created by man. Today it serves Paris as a radio and television center - a powerful transmitting antenna. And during the years of its creation, it simply decorated noisy Paris and served people as an observation tower. The base of the tower is buried 5 meters into the ground. The lower part consists of four interconnected arches, which rise upward with a bend and turn into a single tower. This structure is equipped with elevators. They lift tourists first along the inclined structures of the arches, and then along the vertical tower. This structure, like no other, amazes with its amazing numbers: when the tower was built, its height was 312 meters; with antennas it reached 324 meters. Its total weight is 10,100 tons, that is, equal to the weight of 12 high-speed trains. To climb to the very top, you need to overcome 1665 steps. Every seven years the tower is painted, which takes 60 tons of paint. When a strong wind rises, the top can deviate by 6-7 cm. The tower has three observation tiers: the first is located at an altitude of 57, the second - 115, and the third - 274 meters, and, of course, there is no shortage of sightseers. Over the course of more than a hundred years, the tower was repainted and repaired several times, but was not subjected to major alterations.
8. The presentation of the works is accompanied by illustrations of the towers.
Leaning Tower of Pisa
Eiffel Tower
Ostankino tower
9. Teacher's story about the Tower of Babel
10. Summing up. Reflection.
Bibliography:
- Children's encyclopedia “MAHAON” Wonders of the world
- Reg Cox, Neil Morris. Seven wonders of the world.
Developmental event on the theme “7 Wonders of the World”
Hello guys!
Today the topic of our meeting will be very unusual. What else do we call everything unusual? (answers) Yes, unusual is magical, fabulous or... wonderful! Today we will talk about miracles. Have you heard the expression “wonders of the world”? Or maybe you remember how many wonders of the world there are? Of course there are seven of them! After all, seven is a magical, wonderful number in itself. (Presentation splash screen - 1 slide)
(Agnes Voskresenskaya “7 Wonders of the World”)
We were once given an assignment at school
Write a story about the 7 Wonders of the World.
And everyone immediately started talking about different countries,
Palaces, pyramids, gardens to remember.
Beautiful temples, wonderful buildings,
built by people for thousands of years
Huge walls, great knowledge
They left a mark on our history.
The name itself "Seven Wonders of the World" invented by the ancient Greeks in the second century BC. e. That is, now we are in the 21st century, and the seven wonders of the world arose 23 centuries ago, that’s how much older they are than us! The ancient Greeks called the most famous structures and statues in antiquity the “Seven Wonders of the World.” But most of The architecture of antiquity, unfortunately, has not survived to our time: partly it was destroyed by natural disasters, and partly by man himself. So what did ancient people consider the wonders of the world? Maybe some of you know these 7 miracles?
1. Egyptian pyramids(2 slide)
2. Hanging Gardens(3 slide)
3. Zeus Statue(4 slide)
4. Temple of Artemis(5 slide)
5. mausoleum in Halicarnassus(6 slide)
6. The Colossus of Rhodes (7 slide)
7. Alexandrian lighthouse (8 slide)
1. Egyptian pyramids
The pyramids of Egypt are the only ones of the “Seven Wonders of the World” that have survived to this day and continue to delight visitors with their grandeur and beauty. (9 slide)
The pyramids stand in an ancient cemetery in the Egyptian city of Giza, on the banks of the Nile River. Archaeologists believe that it was possible that one of these pyramids, the Great Pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops, took 20 years and a man to build. (10 slide video) And if it were built today, it would be much faster. Using modern technical means, a team of 450 people would take about 6 years to build a similar pyramid, and $11.5 billion would be spent. The Pyramid of Cheops was built from more than 2 million stone blocks, each of which weighed at least 2.5 tons. (11 slide) Workers not only pulled them to the construction site manually, using only ramps and levers, but also adjusted them to each other, without mortar. The blocks were so tightly fitted to each other that it was impossible to insert even a knife blade between them from the outside. Upon completion of the work, the Great Pyramid rose 147 meters (which is equal to the height of almost ten 5-story houses). Base side Great Pyramid reaches 230 meters. She takes more area than nine football fields. (12 slide – video)
Why do you think the pyramids were built? In ancient times, the Egyptians believed that after the death of a person (and especially a pharaoh), his remains should be preserved in the form of a mummy so that the spirit could continue to live after death. For these purposes, the priests turned the body of a deceased person into a mummy. (13 slide) The mummy was placed in a sarcophagus, and along with it they buried clothes, jewelry, and various things that, in their opinion, could be useful for afterlife. The mummy of Pharaoh Cheops was placed in a burial chamber in the heart of his pyramid . (14 slide)
The Pyramid of Cheops is just one of several majestic structures that can still be seen with your own eyes in Egypt today. And all together these pyramids are the first wonder of the world. (15, 16 slides)
2. Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Guys, what do you imagine when you hear the phrase “hanging gardens”? (answers) Yes, and I also imagine fruits and flowers, waterfalls, gardens hanging from the walls of the palace, exotic animals... (17 slide) An amazing picture, but even more amazing to know that this wonder of the world may never have existed except in the imagination of Greek poets and historians! It is assumed that the Hanging Gardens were located near the city of Baghdad, in Iraq, and were a pyramid consisting of four tiers - platforms. On them lay a thick carpet of fertile soil, where seeds of various herbs, flowers, shrubs, and trees were planted. The pyramid resembled an ever-blooming green hill. Inside this pyramid there were columns and stairs, as well as special pipes for irrigation. (18 slide – video)
These gardens are also known as the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. It's a beautiful name, isn't it? Let's imagine who this Semiramis could be? Of course, such a beautiful name could only belong to the queen! (19 slide) Semiramis was the wife of the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar, who gave these gardens to his queen.
3. Statue Zeus Olympian
In the 5th century BC. e. The citizens of Olympia decided to build a temple of Zeus, the main ancient god. (20 slide) The construction of the temple took about 10 years, but there was not a single worthy statue of Zeus himself, although one was necessary. And then the sculptor Phidias and his assistants got to work: first of all, they created a wooden frame that was supposed to serve as the backbone of the statue of Zeus. After this, they covered the frame with ivory plates, representing the skin of the god. Then, under heavy security, precious stones and 200 kg of pure gold were brought into the temple at the feet of the statue. According to modern prices, the cost of gold alone, which was used to decorate the statue, was about $8 million. Workers hid the joints so that the completed statue looked like a monolithic figure. (21 slides)
The base of the statue was 6 meters wide and 1 meter high. The height of the entire statue together with the pedestal was, according to various sources, from 12 to 17 meters. ( Show the dimensions using a visual example: Let's imagine: your height is approximately 1.5 meters, which means Zeus was approximately 9 times tall (or using the leader's height as an example). Width of the base - using the example of a hall, etc.) (22 slide) Platforms for spectators were built along the walls so that people, having climbed onto them, could see the face of God. After completion of construction, the statue remained one of the greatest miracles Sveta. (23 slide videos)
3. Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
And in the name of the next wonder of the world there is another beautiful female name. Let's imagine some more, who could this Artemis be? She was the Greek goddess of the hunt, (slide 24) mistress of nature, protector of wild animals, also called Diana. Temple of Artemis, i.e. a temple built in honor of this goddess (slide 25) was the largest temple of the ancient world and was located in the city of Ephesus, in the territory of modern Turkey. It consisted of 127 marble columns, each 20 meters high, each of these columns was a gift from one of the Greek kings. (slide 26 – video) The Temple of Artemis was used not only for religious ceremonies. It was both the financial and business center of Ephesus. (slide 27)
The temple was richly decorated with sculpture, paintings and jewelry, but was later destroyed. In the mid-19th century, archaeologists began searching for the city of Ephesus and the Temple of Artemis. After many years of unsuccessful excavations, an English archaeologist finally managed to discover the foundation of the temple under a six-meter thick layer of earth. (slide 28) And at the beginning of the 20th century, the treasures of Artemis were also found: 3,000 valuable pearls, earrings, hairpins, brooches, as well as small coins made of an alloy of gold and silver, the oldest examples of coinage that have reached us. The Ephesian finds of archaeologists are now stored in museums in Turkey. Today, only a few foundation blocks and one restored column remain from the temple at Ephesus.
5. Halicarnassus Mausoleum
Guys, we have all heard the word “mausoleum”, but do we know where it came from? For example, I never knew that the word “mausoleum” is associated with the seven wonders of the world and comes from the name of one ancient king Mausolus. (29 slide) Mausolus was the ruler of Caria, ancient state in the territory of modern Turkey. Mausolus was a rich and powerful king and dreamed of a magnificent monument that would remind the world of his wealth and power long after his death. ( slide 30) And then he began to build a tomb for himself, but died before the work was completed. Then his wife continued the business. The tomb was called Mausoleum, after the king, and this word came to mean any impressive and majestic tomb.
The world's first mausoleum, which became the fifth wonder of the world, amazed with its unusual design. (slide 31) At the base of the building there was a tomb, which was guarded by a number of stone lions. Next stood a structure that resembled a Greek temple, surrounded by columns and statues. At the top of the building was a step pyramid. It was crowned, at a height of 43 meters above the ground, by a sculpture - a chariot drawn by horses, in which the king and queen were riding.
Eighteen centuries later, an earthquake destroyed the Mausoleum to the ground. (slide 32) And the remains of the mausoleum are now kept in the British Museum in London.
6. Colossus of Rhodes
Now, guys, let's remember one more word that we all know. What is the name of something very big and grandiose? (answers) Yes, in Russian there is such a word as “colossal”. And it also came from the name of one of the wonders of the world - the Colossus of Rhodes. Let's find out what it is.
Rhodes, (slide 33) guys, this is an island whose ancient people decided to build a statue of the sun god Helios, whom they revered, because according to legend, Helios himself created the island of Rhodes. This is how the statue of Helios appeared, tall and majestic, so it was called the Colossus, i.e. a colossal, grandiose structure .(slide 34) The production of the grandiose monument required 13 tons of bronze and 18 tons of iron. The colossus also gave birth to a kind of fashion for giant statues. The sparkling god was visible many kilometers from Rhodes, and soon rumors about him spread throughout the ancient world. (slide 35 – video) But half a century later, a strong earthquake that destroyed Rhodes knocked the colossus to the ground. The Rhodians tried to raise the colossus. But nothing came of it. The split colossus lay near Rhodes for a thousand years, until an Arab ruler in need of money sold it to a merchant. The merchant, in order to take the colossus to be melted down, cut it into pieces and loaded 900 camels with bronze.
7. Alexandria Lighthouse
Guys, who can tell me what a lighthouse is and why it is needed? (answers) Correct. So is the Alexandria Lighthouse (slide 36) was built to allow ships to safely pass the reefs on their way to the bay. It was the world's first lighthouse, and it stood for 1,500 years. Of course, at that time there was no electricity and searchlights, so fire was used at the Alexandria Lighthouse: at night the sailors were helped to find their way by the reflection of the flames, and during the day by a column of smoke in the lighthouse. The lighthouse was built near the shores of Alexandria in the Mediterranean Sea on small island Faros, which is why its second name is Faros Lighthouse. It took 20 years to build it. (slide 37 - video) The Faros lighthouse consisted of three marble towers, and its total height was 120 meters. To keep the lighthouse burning, (slide 38) a large amount of fuel was required. The wood was brought in carts drawn by horses or mules. From ships it was possible to see this lighthouse at a distance of up to 60 km. But several centuries later the lighthouse was destroyed by an earthquake.
Here we are at the end of the journey (slide 39) on the seven wonders of the ancient world. These miracles still amaze and inspire. Therefore, let's finally listen to a short poem about miracles and once again remember their names.
"Seven Wonders of the World"
Laura Evlakhova
They say in this wide world,
Our solar planet
There were only seven miracles
Praised to the skies:
The pyramids are a miracle
They have survived to us.
Miracle two - Semiramis
It’s as if I’ve grown a garden,
Everyone was happy to walk in it.
(Who planted? There is a dispute.
What if Nebuchadnezzar?)
Miracle three and miracle five
You need to look in Turkey:
Temple for Diana in Ephesus
He was wonderful and interesting.
Well, and the royal wife
Faithful to her husband Mausolus,
Massive tomb
She ordered it to be built nearby.
Where? The answer for the ancestors is clear:
Built in Halicarnassus.
Wonder of the world where are four?
We missed Greece.
Phidias created Zeus
And he sat on the throne
In a city that is happy about sports -
The birthplace of the Olympics.
Miracle Six - Colossus of Rhodes,
How about seven? – Pharos lighthouse.
The ancient world of wonders is small,
But the interest is eternal!
Geography of miracles,
Praised to the skies
Do you remember, friends?
Iran, Egypt, Turkey,
And, of course, Gre-tsi-ya.
(slide 40 with Black Lightning?)
Elena Viktorovna Malaykova
Open educational event for children in the pre-school cognitive development group “Seven Wonders of the World”
An open educational event for children in the pre-school group on cognitive development.
Subject « Seven Wonders of the Ancient World»
Program content:Introduce children with the world cultural and natural heritage humanity. Show and tell children about the great heritage and famous monuments of art and architecture that have come down to us from time immemorial, in different parts of our planet.
Materials: Presentation « Seven Wonders of the World»
Methodology.
Educator: I suggest we all go on a journey to all the continents of the planet, across the seas and islands, on a journey where we will learn about wonders of the ancient world.
The teacher turns on the presentation and uses it to tell the children about wonders of the world and demonstrates amazing illustrations of majestic structures created by man and destroyed by time.
Educator: Everyone put on space helmets and our space flight begins. First stop in Ancient Egypt.
Slide Wonders of the world.
Wonders of the world- this is how in ancient times they called unusual creations of human hands, which amazed contemporaries with their beauty, size, and execution technique.
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Egyptian pyramids
Only one of the seven has survived to this day. wonders of the world, the oldest - Egyptian pyramids. They served as tombs for the pharaohs-rulers of Ancient Egypt.
Each of the huge pyramids has a name.
The Pyramid of Cheops. Some include here all the pyramids of Egypt, some of the great pyramids of Giza, but for the most part only the largest of them, the Pyramid of Cheops, is perceived as a miracle. The pyramid is also considered the oldest miracle on the list - its construction is estimated to be around 2000 BC. Despite its old age, this is the only building out of 7 old ones wonders of the world, which has survived to our times
Educator: We are moving again in time and space. We all love flowers, and the great ruler created unusual gardens that seem to float in the air.
Slide. Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Hanging gardens are gardens that grow elevated high above the ground. Created by order of the king of desert Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar II, for his wife, these gardens were supposed to comfort and remind her of her distant homeland. The name of Semiramis, the Assyrian queen, appeared here by mistake, but, nevertheless, was firmly entrenched in history.
Educator: Before continuing our space journey, I suggest everyone do some exercise, since we are all in weightlessness and our body needs a discharge.
Get ready to exercise!
Get ready to exercise! Hand up, hand down! (One straight arm up, the other down, change hands with a jerk.) We repeat the exercise, make faster movements. (Hands in front of chest, jerks with arms.) Once, we’ll bend forward, Two, we’ll bend back. And bends to the sides. We will do it. (Bends forward, backward and to the sides.) We will do squats again together. One, two, three, four, five, Who started to lag behind? (Squats.) We'll start walking (Walk in place.) And we'll start the lesson again.
Educator: Everyone has warmed up and let’s move on.
Slide “The Temple of Artemis of Ephesus is the real house of the gods, built on earth” In an ancient large port city Ephesus especially revered the fertility goddess Artemis. In honor of her, a huge and majestic temple was created here, which was included in the list of 7 ancient wonders of the world.
Educator: Before us is the most important of all the gods of the Ancient World.
"Olympian Zeus" The statue was created for a temple in the major religious center of Ancient Greece - Olympia. Giant Zeus sculptor Fidia struck local residents so much so that they decided that Zeus himself personally posed for the master.
MAUSOLEUM IN HELICARNASUS.
The rich king Mausolus wished to erect a mausoleum-temple in Halicarnassus, incomparable in beauty. The best craftsmen of that time worked on the construction. The work ended only after the death of Mavsol, but this did not prevent him from going down in history forever.
Educator: Before us is the Colossus of Rhodes. Why do you think it stands in the harbor between the two shores?
Children: It serves as a lighthouse for ships.
Colossus of Rhodes In Honor great victory the inhabitants of Rhodes decided to build a huge statue of the god Helios. The plan was carried out, but this miracle did not last long, and was soon destroyed by an earthquake.
Educator: I suggest doing one more exercise to warm up.
One two three four five! (We walk in place.) We all know how to count. (Clap our hands.) We also know how to relax. (Jumping in place.) Let's put our hands behind our backs, (Hands behind your back.) Let's raise our heads higher (Raise their heads higher.) And let's breathe easily. (Deep inhalation and exhalation.) Pull yourself up on your toes – As many times, Exactly as many times as there are fingers. (They showed how many fingers there are on their hands.) On your hand. (We rise on our toes 7 times.)
Educator: How many times have we risen on our tiptoes, That’s right and so many wonders of the world. And another miracle awaits us ahead.
PHAROS LIGHTHOUSE For navigation of ships nearby major port In Alexandria, it was decided to build the largest lighthouse at that time. The building immediately eclipsed the walls of Babylon and took a place on the list of seven wonders of the ancient world.
Slide Questions to consolidate acquired knowledge.
Educator:
Question 1: Which of the seven Wonders of the World has it survived to this day?
A) Faros lighthouse
B) Egyptian pyramids
B) Colossus of Rhodes
Question 2: What is the name of the most great pyramid in Egypt?
A) Cheops
B) Djoser
B) Khafre
Question 3: In which city were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon built?
A) in Cairo
B) in Babylon
B) in Alexandria
Question 6: Why are gardens called "hanging".?
A) Grow on trees;
B) Grow in the sky;
C) Grow on terraces at a height of 40 meters from the ground
Question 7: As a result of what natural disaster Were the Hanging Gardens destroyed?
A) Earthquake
B) Flood
B) Tsunami
Question 8: What was Artemis the goddess of?
A) the sun
B) Beauty
B) Fertility, hunting
Seven new wonders. the great Wall of China
Roman Coliseum
Petra in Jordan
Statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro
Machu Picchu in Peru
Chichen Itza in Mexico
Taj Mahal Mausoleum in India
The first great journey into the past has come to an end next time we take a journey through wonders of the world of our time
Publications on the topic:
Abstract directly educational activities on cognitive development in a preparatory school group on the topic: “International.
Summary of educational activities on cognitive development for children of the preparatory school group “Travel with Aibolit”"Travel with Aibolit." Objectives: Educational: -To clarify and consolidate children’s knowledge about transport (land, air, water); let down.
Summary of educational activities for cognitive development in the preparatory school group “Rainbow Fairy Tale” Topic: Rainbow fairy tale Purpose: creating conditions for assimilation and consolidation of the material being studied. Objectives: introduce the number and number 7, method.
Extracurricular event Conversation “Seven Wonders of the World” Author: primary school teacher Olga Vitalievna Muratova Goal: to introduce children to the seven wonders of the world, to develop curiosity. Participants: primary school students. Equipment: presentation “Seven Wonders of the World”. Stages of conversation 1. Introduction Once upon a time, in a small country on the shore Mediterranean Sea, in Ancient Greece, when people got together and started talking about amazing countries and distant cities, one could often hear the words “SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD”. This was the name given to the most amazing and beautiful structures built in different countries. Parents told their children about them, teachers told their students, so there was not a person in Greece who did not know all seven wonders of the world by heart. To find out what people who lived many, many years ago called a miracle, you and I will go on a journey and visit the distant past. 2. The first wonder of the world We will visit hot Africa, on the shores of great river Nile, in Ancient Egypt. Here is the oldest of the 7 wonders of the world - a huge PYRAMID. More than four thousand years ago, the proud Egyptian kings, the pharaohs, built such huge tombs for themselves. In each of them, in the depths, in a secret room, where only those who knew the way in the intricate labyrinth of narrow corridors could enter, after the death of the pharaoh, his mummy was kept. All Egyptians were buried in tombs, but the tomb of the pharaoh had to be larger than all others, so that the king would rise above his subjects even after death. Scientists note that during the existence of the Ancient Egyptian kingdom, more than 80 pyramids were built, but only a small part has reached us. Only one of them belongs to the legendary Seven Wonders of the World - the Pyramid of Cheops, but all the others are also mysterious and majestic. Giant pyramids made of millions of stones were built for themselves by the pharaohs Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, whom the Greeks called Cheops, Khafre and Mikerin. The largest of them is the Pyramid of Cheops, its height is one hundred forty-six meters. The pyramids are so strong, so solidly built, that they still stand to this day. Neither devastating wars nor the evil winds of the desert could destroy them. This is the only wonder of the world that has survived to this day. 3. The second wonder of the world And now let's leave Egypt and move to Asia Minor. Here, in the city of Halicarnassus, more than 2 thousand years ago, lived King Mausolus, who ruled the country of Caria. The king himself was a Persian, but many Greeks lived in his country. And when Mausolus wanted to build a tomb for himself and his wife, he called the famous Greek builders Pytheas and Satyr. And they built the second wonder of the world - a huge building of 3 floors. On the ground floor were the tombs of the king and his wife. On the second floor there were tall columns and statues of lions, which seemed to guard the building, and the third floor was a step pyramid of 24 steps. At the very top of the chariot were statues of King Mausolus and Queen Artemisia. The height of the building was 50 m - like a twenty-story building. And what do you think the name of this tomb was? Well, of course - MAUSOLEUM - in honor of Tsar Mausol. It was then that this word was born. But the problem is that only the word has survived to this day. And the Halicarnassus Mausoleum itself stood for one thousand seven hundred years and was destroyed during one of the wars. Slide No. 1 No. 1.1 No. 1.2 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 No. 6 No. 7 No. 8 4. The Third Wonder of the World You noticed that the wonders of the world were built for kings. This is understandable - only the king could afford such a huge and luxurious building, because thousands of slaves worked for him, and he did not care about any costs. This time the construction was organized by a king with a very long name Na-vu-ho-do-no-sor. Two and a half thousand years ago he ruled in the huge and rich city of Babylon. He had a wife who also had a long name Se-mi-ra-mi-da. She was from the distant mountainous country of Media. She often longed for the green and lush forests of her homeland. But in Babylon it is hot and dry, there are few trees. And so that the queen would not be sad, Nebuchadnezzar ordered a special building to be built for her. It was a palace with a roof in the form of huge steps. The roof was carefully reinforced with stones and asphalt, a thick layer of earth was poured onto the steps, and trees specially brought from Media were planted. With the help of ingenious canals and special lifts, water constantly flowed onto the roof of the palace and watered the trees. Now Semiramis could walk among her favorite trees as much as she wanted. This was a royal gift! This is how the third wonder of the world appeared - THE HANGING GARDENS OF SEMIRAMIS. And they did not survive - they were destroyed by the Persians who captured Babylon. 5. The fourth wonder of the world But the wonders of the world were built not only by royal order. Now we will go to Greece, to the city of Ephesus. Here, 2.5 thousand years ago, a temple was built in honor of the hunter goddess Artemis. The temple was large and beautiful and delighted everyone who saw it because it was surrounded not by one row of beautiful columns, as usual, but by two. The temple was also decorated with numerous sculptures. In a word, everyone who saw it recognized that the TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS OF EPHESIS also belongs to the wonders of the world. And then one day, as the legend says, a resident of Ephesus named Herostratus decided to become famous. He wanted people all over Greece to talk about him and to know him. But Herostratus had no talents - neither intelligence nor eloquence. He became neither a famous artist, nor a poet, nor a strongman, nor a prominent merchant or politician. And then Herostratus decided: “If I destroy the wonder of the world - the Temple of Artemis, then everyone will know about me!” And at night he set fire to the temple. Of course, the stone walls and columns were not afraid of fire, but the fire destroyed wooden decorations and burned the rafters supporting the roof. The roof collapsed and destroyed almost the entire temple. So the evil and envious Herostratus achieved his goal: all of Greece learned about him. Everyone cursed the madman who, for the sake of his glory, destroyed one of the wonders of the world. 6. The fifth wonder of the world In another greek city Olympia, where they took place Olympic Games, was also famous temple. It was dedicated to Zeus, the main god of the Greeks. This temple became the largest in Greece, its columns were tall and graceful, and many beautiful statues adorned the temple. But still, it was not the building itself that was considered a wonder of the world, but the huge STATUE OF OLYMPIC ZEUS, which was located inside. The statue depicted a seated Zeus. Its base was made of wood. The face, hands and feet were covered with plates of ivory, and thin sheets of gold adorned the hair and clothing. They say that this statue was beautiful and majestic, but we can only believe it. And the fifth wonder of the world has not survived to this day. We don’t even know how the statue died - either during the war, or in some kind of fire, or it was taken to pieces by greedy robbers. 7. The sixth wonder of the world And now let's move to the island of Rhodes in the blue Aegean Sea. The Greeks, famous sailors and skilled traders, also lived here. The island was rich and beautiful. The rulers of Rhodes spared no expense on magnificent palaces, huge temples, and beautiful sculptures. There were about 100 huge statues on the island, but the largest of them was a statue of the sun god Helios, made of bronze. The height of the statue was more than 30 meters - more than a house with 10 floors. The statue stood at the entrance to the harbor and ships could pass under its spread legs. In his hand God held No. 9 No. 9.1 No. 9.2 No. 10 No. 11 No. 11.1 No. 11.2 No. 12 No. 13 No. 14 No. 15 No. 16 No. 17 No. 18 No. 19 No. 20 No. 21 No. 22 No. 23 No. 24 a huge torch, in the light of which ships found their way to the port at night. The statue was considered the sixth wonder of the world and was called “COLOSSUS OF RHODES” (the word “colossus” means “giant”, “giant”). One day, during an earthquake, the statue collapsed. 8. The seventh wonder of the world Our journey is coming to an end. We will finish it in Alexandria, the Greek city founded by Alexander the Great. The city was huge and beautiful. The famous PHAROS LIGHTHOUSE, the seventh wonder of the world, was especially beautiful in the city. It consisted of 3, standing on top of each other madly, one smaller than the other. There was always a huge fire burning upstairs. Its flame was visible for 100 km. And this is not surprising, its height reached 140 meters, about a 50-story building. The lighthouse stood for one and a half thousand years, but it did not manage to survive to our time - it was destroyed during the Turkish conquest. But we still remember him very often - after all, from Faros lighthouse the well-known word “headlight” comes from. 9. Conclusion Our journey into the distant past has ended. We visited Egypt, Greece, and Babylon. You may ask why there are only 7 wonders of the world and not more? Well, you see, the ancient Greeks called them wonders of the world. They were, of course, good travelers, but they had not been to China and had not seen Chinese wall, have not been to America and have not seen the temples and palaces of the Indians. But they can also be called wonders of the world. The Greeks spoke only of what they saw themselves or heard from others. All the wonders of the world are buildings in Greece itself or its neighboring countries. And the number 7 was special among the Greeks. They believed that it brings happiness and wisdom, so there should be exactly seven wonders of the world - no more and no less. Of course, it’s a pity that only the Egyptian pyramids have survived, and we know about the rest only from history. But now you know what the 7 wonders of the world are and, I think, you will not be mistaken if you are asked to name them. Come on, try it! No. 25 No. 26 No. 27
GU"WITH secondary general education school no. 5 "Department and education of the akimat of Kostanay
PLAN FOR AN EXTRA-CLASSROOM EVENT
Full name (full name)
Knyazeva Oksana Evgenievna
Item
Story
Class
5th grade students
Extracurricular activity history in 5th grade.
Topic: "Seven Wonders of the World"
The purpose of the lesson: 1.Introduce students to the history of the “Seven Wonders of the World”, reveal their uniqueness and significance for the ancient era.
2. Continue developing the skills to work independently with additional literature and analyze it.
3.Continue to develop students’ creative abilities.
4. Foster respect and interest in the cultural diversity of the world, in the history of other peoples.
Equipment: reproductions of “The Seven Wonders of the World”, maps: “ The Ancient East», « Ancient Greece».
Epigraphs are written on the board:
“History is the witness of centuries, the torch of truth, the soul of memory, the teacher of life.”
“Everything in the world is afraid of time, and time is afraid of the pyramids”
Arabic proverb
Progress of the lesson
I Organizational moment
Teacher's story:
Today we have an unusual activity. We will take a trip to the Seven Wonders of the World.
And we will dedicate it to Howard Carter, who would have turned 140 years old on May 9th. This was an English archaeologist, a seeker of Egyptian antiquities. He revealed to the whole world the great secrets of the pyramids. People saw what the tombs of Thutmose IV, Tutankhamun, and the mummy of Amenhotep looked like.
The first mentions of the Seven Wonders of the World appear in the works of Greek authors, starting from the Hellenistic era. The “selection” of miracles occurred gradually, and some miracles were replaced by others. Antipater of Sidon (III century BC) gives a complete listing of them in his epigram:
I saw Zeus at Olympia,
The Miracle of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon,
Colossus of Helios
And the pyramids are the work of many and hard labors;
I know Mausolus, a huge tomb
But I just saw
I am the palace of Artemis, the roof raised to the clouds,
Everything else faded before him;
Beyond Olympus
The sun does not see beauty equal to it anywhere.
Like collections of sayings of famous sages, collections of anecdotes and stories of wonders, writings on the Seven Wonders of the World were popular in ancient times and included descriptions of the grandest, most magnificent, or technically most amazing buildings and monuments of art. That's why they were called miracles. But why only "7"? The choice of number itself is sanctified by the most ancient ideas about its completeness, completeness and perfection (the number 7 was considered the sacred number of the god Apollo).
Each of the “Seven Wonders of the World” aroused delight and admiration due to its artistic perfection. They combine art and technology in a remarkable way. And only this saved them from oblivion.
You and I will try to travel to a place far from us. ancient era and reveal all the secrets of these amazing creations created by human hands.
7 tourist teams are participating (based on the names of the miracles - the names of the teams).
Team captains talk about their “wonder of the world.”
First competition.
Assignment: From the list of famous works of architecture and art, select “Seven Wonders of the World.”
Neuschwanstein Castle in Schwangau, Germany
giant statues on Chilean Easter Island
Statue of Liberty in New York
Roman Coliseum
Eiffel Tower in Paris
Opera building in Sydney, Australia
pyramids of giza in egypt
Angkor temples in Cambodia
the great Wall of China
Athens Acropolis
pyramids Chichen Itza(Chichén Itza) in Mexico
Timbuktu to Mali
St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow
Hagia Sophia in Istanbul
Taj Mahal in India
Nabatean ruins of Petra in Jordan
The Pyramid of Cheops.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Temple of Artemis
Zeus statue in Olympia
mausoleum in Halicarnassus
The Colossus of Rhodes
Alexandrian lighthouse
Second competition.
Task: “Build” a wonder of the world (a mosaic set is given to each team). Speed is taken into account.
Third competition.
Students are required to have good knowledge cultural heritage ancient world.
The teams take turns answering the questions:
What are united under the name seven wonders of the world?
List the seven wonders of the world one by one.
Which of the wonders of the world has survived to this day?
Describe one of the wonders of the world.
Each team describes one of the proposed wonders of the world.
. The Pyramid of Cheops .
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Temple of Artemis
Zeus statue in Olympia
mausoleum in Halicarnassus
The Colossus of Rhodes
Alexandrian lighthouse
Fourth competition.
Assignment: Name as many concepts as possible related to the name of each wonder of the world. It is advisable to use only nouns. Teams answer verbally, one at a time.
For example: Pyramid-Cheops, treasures, stone slabs. Mausoleum-temple, staircase, columns, mausoleum, fris.
Fifth competition.
Assignment: Guess what wonder of the world we are talking about. Each team is given its own task. After each hint from the presenter, the number of points is reduced.
* Statement 1: (The Hanging Gardens of Babylon)
This wonder of the world was located in one of the oldest and most beautiful cities in the world.
Hints: 1. Scientists still do not know exactly in which part of the city IT was located.
2. IT is named after one queen, but was built for another.
3.Neither the fortress walls nor the 7-step tower of this city could compare with HIM in beauty.
4. To everyone who saw this miracle, it seemed as if IT was hanging in the air
*Statement 2: (Temple of Artemis)
This wonder of the world was built twice.
Hints: 1. In the place where IT was located, only a small swampy lake remained.
2. It was decorated with 127 marble columns.
3. IT was both a museum and a repository for the treasures of rich people of that time.
4. IT was located
*Statement 3 (Zeus Statue)
It seemed to everyone who looked at it that IT was alive.
Hints: 1. HIS image is on ancient coins.
2. Many plates of gold and ivory went into its decoration.
3. WITH HIM there was always a winged goddess - Nike.
4. IT depicted the supreme Greek god.
*Statement 4 (Pyramid of Cheops)
This miracle of the Ancient world aroused awe and fear in people.
Hints: 1. The highest of the wonders of the world.
2. This wonder of the world has a regular geometric shape.
3. IT has complex system labyrinths.
4. IT has survived to this day.
*Statement 5 (Mausoleum at Halicarnassus)
It's a miracle light - temple king, grandiose and extraordinarily beautiful
Hints: 1. At the foot giant structure marble sculptures of horsemen and figures of sitting and lying lions stood as if alive.
2. The pyramidal roof of the temple was crowned with a quadriga.
3. One Roman poet called this temple “a monument to selfless love.”
4. The temple was built by Greek architects Satyr and Pytheas on the orders of the king and his wife.
* Statement b (Farossiysk lighthouse)
Thanks to this miracle of the world, many human lives were saved.
Hints: 1. From the name of the island where IT was located, the word “headlight” appeared in the Russian language.
2. At the top of this beautiful building there was a huge statue of Poseidon. IT had a complex system of mirrors.
3. IT was more beautiful during the day, but at night it was more necessary for all sailors arriving in Alexandria.
*Statement 7 (Colossus of Rhodes)
This giant statue towered at the entrance to the harbor Greek island
Hints: 1. The creation of the bronze giant lasted about 12 years.
2. This statue was visible from neighboring islands.
3. IT collapsed during an earthquake.
4. This giant statue of Helios on the island of Rhodes.
Summing up the results of each team's competition based on the number of points.
Final words from the teacher.
So our journey has ended, which allowed us to get acquainted with the “Seven Wonders of the World”. We visited a distant ancient world, which allowed us to come into contact with amazing creations of architecture and art. Thanks to the team captains and all competition participants for interesting material and active participation in this exciting journey.
1. Pyramid of Cheops .
Pyramid of Cheops - photo
Interesting Facts and characteristics:
Constructionpyramids lasted 20 years.
Construction began around 2560 BC.
The entrance is at an altitude of 15.63 meters.
The height of the pyramid is approximately 138.7 meters.
The length of the side face decreased by 5 meters over time (from 230.33 m to 225 m).
The average weight of 1 stone block that makes up the pyramid is 2.5 tons.
The heaviest stone block is 15 tons.
There are about 2.5 million stone blocks in total.
The total weight of the pyramid is approximately 6.25 million tons.
2. Hanging Gardens of Babylon .
Hanging Gardens Semiramis - drawing
:
The correct name for thiswonders of the world - Hanging Gardens of Amitis .
In factHanging Gardens of Babylon -Thispyramid of 4 tiers-platforms.
The tiers are supported by 25 meter columns.
The lower tier is an irregular quadrangle (one side is 42 meters, the other 34).
The pyramid looks like an ever-blooming hill, which was planted with rare trees and flowers.
3. Temple of Artemis in Ephesus .
As mentioned earlier, not one of wonders of the world, except the Pyramid of Cheops, has not reached our days intact. Eg Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, which was erected in the middle of the 6th century BC. e., was burned by Herostatus in 356 BC. e., it was later restored, and in the 3rd century it was destroyed by the Goths.
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Temple of Artemis in Ephesus - view of the ruins
Specifications temple:
The width of the temple was 51 meters.
Length 105 meters.
The height of the columns is 18 m.
There are 127 columns in total, which were arranged in 8 rows.
Each column was a gift from the king. 127 columns - 127 kings. (based on legend).
4. Statue of Zeus at Olympia .
Statue of Zeus at Olympia - miniature
Specifications:
The entire temple in which there wasZeus statue , was made entirely of marble (even the roof).
The temple took 10 years to build, but the statue of Zeus did not appear in it right away.
Phidias created the statue in his workshop, which was located 80 meters from the temple itself.
The workshop was built near the temple and was exactly the same size as the temple itself.
Phidias was very picky about the material, especially the ivory from which the body of Zeus was made.
This was a very expensive project by our standards: one day the temple received material that included both gems, and 200 kg of pure gold. For reference, the cost of the gold alone that was required to create the statue was approximately $8 million.
About the statue of Zeus itself :
The following were made from gold: a cape covering part of Zeus’s body; Scepter with an eagle, which was in the left hand of Zeus; a statue of Nike - the goddess of victory, which Zeus held in his right hand; as well as a wreath on Zeus’s head.
Zeus's feet were placed on a stool, which was held by 2 lions.
There were 4 dancing Nikas on the legs of the throne.
Also depicted were centaurs, the exploits of Theseus and Hercules, frescoes (which depicted the battles of the Greeks with the Amazons).
Statue base: 6 meters wide, 1 meter high.
The height of the statue itself, including the pedestal, was, according to various sources, from 12 to 17 meters.
Zeus's eyes can be compared in size to an adult's fist.
5. Mausoleum at Halicarnassus .
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus - view of the ruins
Interesting facts about Mausoleum in Halicarnassus:
Construction of the Mausoleum began in 353. BC.
The construction site was managed by Mavsol’s wife, Artemisia.
Two very famous sculptors were involved in the construction: Leochara, Skopas.
The mausoleum stood for 19 centuries.
It was destroyed in the 13th century by an earthquake.
miniature copy of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
6. Colossus of Rhodes .
Colossus of Rhodes - drawing
About the Wonder of the World - the statue of the Sun God Helios :
The height of the statue is 36 meters.
The statue stood for only 65 years
In 222 BC The colossus was destroyed by an earthquake.
It was very difficult to grasp the thumb of the statue with both hands - a truly huge statue.
7. Alexandria Lighthouse .
Alexandria Lighthouse - architect's drawing
Built in the 3rd century BC. e. in the city of Alexandria.
The lighthouse was built for a completely ordinary purpose - to prevent ships from bumping into reefs. At night, the ships were helped by the reflection of flames, and during the day by a column of smoke.
The world's first lighthouse .
The Alexandria Lighthouse stood for almost 1000 years.
Like many wonders of the ancient world was destroyed by an earthquake.