The safest mode of transport according to statistics in the world and in Russia. The safest mode of transport: statistics in the world What type of transport is the most dangerous
An upcoming trip to another city or a trip to the sea makes people think about what type of transport to prefer. And here some will choose the train, believing that it is safer, while others will fly by plane, spending less time traveling. What type of transport is actually considered the safest?
Public opinion
Opinion polls conducted over the past few years tend to show the same results. Of all modes of transport, passengers consider the train to be the safest.
Airplanes are among the most dangerous. Opinions regarding car travel are divided approximately equally. Regarding maritime transport, the public tends to consider it more of a safe method of transportation. But this is only the opinion of passengers who are unlikely to study statistical data on accidents, disasters and deaths associated with them.
What do the statistics say?
If people put airplanes in first place as the most dangerous way to travel, then statistics say quite the opposite. Statistical data is compiled in such a way that mortality (number of dead people) for 160,000,000 km of distance traveled. So during flights this parameter is only 0.6-0.7 people. Railway transport is given second place in terms of safety - the death rate per 160,000,000 km of track is 0.9 people. The number of deaths in road accidents is 1.6 people. Therefore, we can conclude that the airplane is the most safe look transport, and road transport is considered the most dangerous.
If you still doubt that flying is less dangerous than driving a car, then here are some more facts. In 2014, there were several plane crashes in the world that claimed 884 human lives. And in our country alone, in the first six months of 2014, more than 10,000 people died in car accidents. So which transport will be safer? The answer is still obvious. Therefore, before your trip, you should weigh the pros and cons, giving preference to one or another type of transport. And to get rid of the fear of flying (if anyone has any), here are some aviation facts.
1) Around the world, an aircraft lands every three seconds.
2) Donkeys kill more people than plane crashes.
3) If the chance of a daily disaster is at least 0.01 percent, then at least 13 planes should crash per day.
4) A plane crash cannot be an accident - it is always a combination of certain factors.
5) Before each flight, the aircraft undergoes a strict inspection and complex technical condition check.
6) Over 80 percent of people on our planet are afraid to fly on airplanes, and 5 percent categorically refuse to do so, preferring trains or ships.
7) A plane cannot fall from a height of 10,000 km, as many fear. There is a lot of pressure under the wings of an airplane, so it floats in the air in the same way as a car on asphalt.
8) Russian pilots do not drink at the controls - this is an invention of those people who are very afraid of flying.
Reading these facts may help reduce aerophobia. However, they are unlikely to be able to help those five percent of people who do not want to board the plane at all under any pretext.
Vehicles allow us to move around the world quickly and comfortably, but at what cost? Every year millions of people die in transport. We compiled a rating to identify the safest mode of transport, transport statistics for 2018-2019 helped with this. Some ranking positions may surprise you, but you can’t argue with the statistics.
10. Moped and motorcycle
Mopeds and motorcycles rightfully occupy the tenth position in our ranking of the safest modes of transport. For many years in a row, such transport has been considered the most dangerous and 2018 is no exception. Of the total traffic, motorcycles make up only 1%, while 20% of deaths on the roads occur due to this type of transport.
In order to survive, you should remember that you cannot reach a reckless speed of more than 70 km/h. Desperate bravado is not only inappropriate, it can also cost the driver his life. What if he took a passenger with him...
According to statistics, 125 deaths occur for every 1.5 billion km. motorcycle rental The mortality rate of drivers of conventional cars is 28 times less than the mortality rate of motorcycle drivers. These are the modern facts.
9.
In ninth place in the list of the safest modes of transport for 2018-2019, the “younger brother” of the moped, the bicycle, is considered. From year to year, a bicycle is considered one of the most dangerous types of transport, according to official statistics. This year was no exception, unfortunately.
Most often, accidents involving bicycles occur when they collide with cars. The number of such accidents on the roads is constantly growing. Therefore, cyclists should be as careful as possible. Since teenagers are the most likely to die in such accidents, all parents should consider this moment. At 1.5 billion km. According to statistics, there are 35 deaths.
8. Subway
The metro was in eighth position in the ranking of the safest mode of transport according to statistics for 2018-2019. This type Transport accidents destroy the lives of many people at once. AND emergencies in the metro are especially dangerous for citizens. If we talk about Russia, most often the victims are passengers of the Moscow metro.
7.
Ferries are not as safe as water transport enthusiasts would like. According to current year statistics, by 1.5 billion km. accounts for 20 deaths. In particular, it should be noted that not every death occurs as a result of a crash. There have been cases of passengers falling overboard. Water transport is also unsafe!
6.
The spaceship ranks 6th in our ranking of the safest modes of transport for 2018-2019. Only 18 of the spacecraft that have been sent into limitless space since the very first flight in 1961 have failed to return. And this is despite an impressive number of vehicles of this type sent into space. There were 530 ships in total. It is worth considering that people did not die in space itself. Tragedies happened during takeoff or during landing. According to statistics, by 1.5 billion km. accounts for 7 human deaths.
5. Minibus
4. Car
Cars used to be considered an incredibly dangerous type of transport. So, how did a car turn out to be one of the safest types of transport in 2018-2019 statistics? Everything is very simple. The machine design was significantly modified in last years. Thus, the number of accidents has decreased significantly.
New statistics show that 1.5 billion km. There are four deaths per car. However, this does not mean that you can safely forget about safety measures or become fans of crazy driving.
3. Bus
For 1 billion km. accounts for 0.5 deaths according to official statistics. This applies to ordinary buses. Therefore, in the ranking of the safest modes of transport for 2018-2019, buses took an honorable 3rd place.
In European spaces, this type public transport is among the safest. Things are worse in Egypt, as well as in the Russian Federation. But still, buses are deservedly in third position in the ranking. However, we should not forget about the terrible incidents associated with this type of transport.
It’s worth at least remembering how a bus in the capital was rammed by a truck. And this is not an isolated case!
2. Airplane
In second place are airplanes. Although, in previous years, this type of transport occupied the top line of such ratings. But, according to 2019 statistics, the plane cannot be considered one of the safest modes of transport.
However, 0.5 deaths occur per 1.5 billion km, if we also take into account small aircraft with helicopters. Commercial ships will always be more dangerous than conventional light aircraft. However, we should not forget that the worst thing in the case of plane crashes is the fact that almost none of the huge number of passengers manages to escape. And even the crew of an aircraft in plane crashes is often no luckier.
It is known that such incidents can never be an accident. When a plane crash occurs, a combination of certain factors are to blame. However, airplanes are always considered one of the safest types of transport. And statistics confirm this every year. But the most surprising thing is that people are often much more afraid of flying on airplanes than riding motorcycles.
1.
Trains, according to statistics from 2018-2019, are considered the safest transport in the world and are in first place on our list. This is especially true for American and European trains; only 0.2 deaths occur per 1.5 billion km. to the share of trains. If we take only Russian Federation, in railway transport the mortality rate is 0.7 per 1.5 billion km, which is also not very much.
Every day we are bombarded with negative information from the news: plane crashes, train crashes, mass road accidents. Going to long trip, a person involuntarily thinks: what is the safest mode of transport according to statistics and how to insure yourself against an accident. Sociological surveys show that people panic before flying, but they safely board buses and private cars.
General characteristics of all types of transport
Water transport
Water transport is designed to transport people and goods along rivers, canals, and lakes. With the development of aviation, transcontinental transportation came to naught. The most popular river boats are trams, cruise ships and ferries. They run between populated areas or shores according to a set route and schedule. The ferry is used to transport a large number of people, goods, and vehicles.
Ground transportation
Rail (railway) transport is represented by long-distance and suburban trains. Passenger train- a reliable and comfortable way to move from one settlement to another in a relatively short time.
Trains attract passengers affordable prices for tickets, they run at any time of the year and day, regardless of weather conditions. The disadvantage is the cessation of the construction of new railways due to high competition with buses and personal cars.
Wheeled transport
Buses, minibuses and minibuses. Used to transport people over various distances. The advantages are affordable ticket prices and relatively high speed. Disadvantages - dependence on weather conditions.
Air Transport
The technological progress of the 20th century did not bypass aviation. Today, the air industry is developing dynamically; thousands of domestic and international flights are carried out around the world every day. Peculiarities air transport- good maneuverability, large territorial coverage.
The main advantage is high speed. Once you board a plane in Moscow, within a few hours you can admire the sunset in the tropics.
The disadvantages of modern aviation include the high cost of tickets and dependence on weather conditions. The problem is especially noticeable in winter - massive flight delays and airports overcrowded with passengers.
Incident statistics
Official mortality figures differ from the perceptions of ordinary citizens. The latter believe that movement on ground transport carries minimal risk.
World statistics use different methods to count those killed in transport accidents. The most popular is the number of deaths per 160 million km.
Buses and cars
Familiar and comfortable buses, minibuses and cars are the most dangerous transport. The only competition will be a motorcycle or a bicycle. More than 10 people die on Russian roads every day and even more are seriously injured.
Frequent causes of accidents are speeding, attempts to overtake, weather, car malfunction. In second place - human factor: drunk driving, lack of sleep, distraction by talking, music, snacking.
According to statistical research, the number of road accidents varies significantly by region. This is due to the unsatisfactory condition of highways and the lack of normal lighting at night.
The mortality rate in road transport is 1.6 people per 160 million km when traveling on passenger buses. Among cars, the figure is higher - 3.1 people per 160 million km. More than a million people die in road accidents every year. This is significantly higher than in a train, plane or ship. In 2016, car accidents claimed over 20,000 lives.
Railway
Rail transport is considered the most reliable and safe of land means of transportation. According to mortality statistics, there are 0.9 passengers per 160 million km - less than one person. It is not surprising that in the Russian Federation, according to statistics, the lowest mortality rate is in railway transport.
Taking into account speed modern trains this is a good indicator. Most accidents are associated with a defect in the railway track, malfunction of the rolling stock, or violation of safety regulations at crossings.
During 2014-2016, there were 40 major disasters in the world, with about 100 deaths and over 1,000 injured. Rosstat from 2014 to 2015 counts about 20 deaths as a result of the tragedy on railway. This is 16% higher than in 2013.
Water transport
Since ancient times, water has taken human lives as payment for movement. Modern ferries, trams and motor ships guarantee relative safety for passengers. The cause of the crash is often weather conditions - storms, fog, hurricanes, icebergs. The statistics are disappointing: 2.6 people per 160 million km.
Note! Half of the deaths on the water are caused by falling overboard due to violation of safety rules.
The water mortality statistics are spoiled by cases in the waters of Africa and Asia. Ships overcrowded with refugees and illegal migrants are heading to the shores neighboring countries in search of a better life. Safety comes last in such cases.
Air service
Of all the above, the safest mode of transport is an airplane. The mortality rate is 0.5 people per 160 ml km. The chances of becoming a victim of a plane crash are 1:8,000,000. It turns out that the probability of death is greater on the way to the airport than in the sky.
Attention! People make a big deal about plane crashes, losing confidence in aviation. In fact, when a plane crashes, we are broadcast about it every day from TV screens and newspaper pages for 1-2 weeks. The result is negative emotions and fear of flying.
There were 15 plane crashes in 2017, most of them involving cargo planes. The death toll was 22 people. This is a record low figure, hundreds of times lower than the victims of road tragedies.
When a plane crashes, the insurance company is obliged to pay a large sum to the families of the victims. If plane crashes happened frequently, insurers would have gone bankrupt long ago. A strong argument in favor of the aircraft.
Statistics consider land vehicles to be the most dangerous type of transport. But you can insure yourself by increasing the chance of salvation in the event of a tragedy.
When driving a car, the rear seat behind the driver's seat is considered safe. If there is a threat of a collision, the driver will instinctively try to turn the car in the opposite direction in order to deflect the impact from himself.
Note! On buses and minibuses, seats in the middle of the cabin are considered safe.
When traveling by train, it is recommended to purchase tickets for middle carriages. In the event of a collision, the main impact falls on the locomotive and the first cars. When the last cars derail, they often overturn, increasing the chances of injury or death. It is always better to choose places with your back to traffic. During emergency braking, this will help avoid injury.
When traveling on water, it is important to know the location of life jackets. It is strongly recommended to find a quick way from the cabin to the deck, so that in case of an emergency you do not panic and quickly prepare for evacuation.
It sounds strange, but there are also places on the plane that increase the chances of rescue. This is the tail section of the plane. It’s not comfortable for everyone to be there because of the noise, but when you fall, the first and strongest impact falls on the bow. Data World Stats has recorded cases of surviving a plane crash.
Interesting: most of the survivors of the flight took seats in the back rows.
The safest mode of transport is the airplane. Every minute thousands of airliners take to the skies around the world. Considering the capacity of the aircraft is 200-300 people, a significant part of the world's population travels on flights. If there were frequent crashes, the Earth would be devastated. One plane crash occurs in every million flights, which includes cargo and military aircraft.
Speed is an important factor. An airplane travels 160 million km faster than a train or bus. Hence the conclusion: for long distances it is better to choose a flight, because... the mortality rate is the lowest (0.5 people).
- Airplane - 0.5.
- Train - 0.9.
- Buses, minibuses, minibuses - 1.6.
- Water transport - 2.6.
- Personal car - 3.1.
The above studies are just a dry rating based on statistical research. Transport itself is a high-risk area. When choosing one type of travel or another, you can only partially prepare and protect yourself.
Calculate, what type of transport is the safest, not so simple. To build a beautiful and visual graph, at least two indicators are required - the number of dead or injured, as well as the number of people who use this type of transport. For air, rail and water transport, this data is not difficult to find, because thanks to tickets, every person is taken into account. But there are problems with automobile transport. It is not possible to track the movements of the average Russian from work, to work and to the store - no one registers at the doorstep of their home.
Our transport safety rating according to statistics for 2018 was compiled using various sources - from data from the National Union of Insurers, which keeps statistics of registered insurance cases from 2012 to the present, to data on transport accidents on the Rosstat website.
> 200 deaths per 1.6 billion km
Although the number of accidents involving motorcyclists has decreased by more than 70% since 2005, the motorcycle remains one of the most dangerous forms of transport. According to statistics, it turns out that every 1.6 billion km of travel is paid for with the lives of more than two hundred drivers and their passengers.
A motorcycle, like another two-wheeled vehicle - a bicycle - is characterized by increased vulnerability, so accidents involving motorcyclists are highly likely to end sadly. The reason is non-compliance with the rules traffic, and, surprisingly, the fundamental refusal of some drivers to use a helmet.
5.75 people per 1.6 billion km
In second place in terms of the number of road accidents are personal cars. In just 1.6 billion km of travel, at least 5.75 people die.
The reasons include the reluctance of drivers to comply with traffic rules, the condition of the road surface, the increased wear and tear of the vehicle fleet due to the crisis and the deterioration of the purchasing power of the population. And also (due to the increase in the average age of life) and the aging of drivers. All these factors together serve as a guarantee that road transport in Russia will not be safe for a long time.
9.4 deaths per 1 million passengers
Among air transport greatest danger For human life, it is not international transportation that represents intercity transportation. Especially if a person in a helicopter is forced to go to those lands where even the notorious Makar prefers not to send his calves. Perhaps this is what explains such a high number of casualties among helicopter passengers. For every 1 million people, at least 9.4 are injured. You will have to fall from a great height, and, with a high degree of probability, the injuries will be incompatible with life.
5 deaths per 1.5 billion km
Minibus taxis cannot be called the safest type of transport in Russia. According to statistics, every 1.5 billion km of route traveled by a minibus is paid for by five human lives. Among the reasons can be cited both the work of drivers for wear and tear, as well as design flaws of minibuses, the condition of the roads, unwillingness to comply with traffic rules and drunk driving.
2.84 victims per 1 million transported
There were several major incidents involving intercity buses in 2018, including a tragic incident in Voronezh region, when two buses collided, five people died and 17 were injured. In general, according to statistics, intercity and international buses do not differ in safety - for every million passengers transported, at least 2.84 are injured or killed in accidents. In total, in 2018, travel on intercity buses caused the death of more than 600 passengers, and more than 13 thousand people were injured.
2.3 accidents per 1 million passengers
This category includes both international ships and domestic river carriers. In total, in 2018, 62 incidents occurred during sea and river travel, which ended tragically for five people. In general, according to NSS statistics, for every million passengers transported, there are 2.3 accidents.
Passengers on sea and river boats Not only the water element threatens, but also the fire element. One of common reasons transport accidents - a sudden fire on board a ship, usually caused by a faulty electrical wiring. This is not surprising, given that Russia's domestic fleet is in poor condition, with almost a third of the vessels celebrating 40 years of service.
Chance of dying: 1:11,000,000
Most safe transport in the world, but in Russia it is not possible to obtain accurate statistics on the number of accidents per number of passengers. Data from the National Society of Insurers, which we relied on when assessing the danger of other modes of transport, are not available for them. The reason is the peculiarities of the insurance system in Russia; Most air transport companies transport their passengers not only within the country, but also beyond its borders. Therefore, they use international insurance policies.
This is why an airplane is the safest mode of transport: according to statistics, The chances of dying in an accident on board an airplane are 1 in 11 million. For comparison, the chances of being struck by lightning while walking in a thunderstorm are 16 times higher!
0.17 accidents per 1 million passengers
This category includes both intercity and international trains, as well as regular commuter trains. In general, for 2018 the statistics for Russian Railways look excellent - for almost the entire year, from January to November, only seven incidents were recorded. Unfortunately, there were some deaths - one person died. In general, there are no more than 0.17 accidents per 1 million passengers.
More and more people prefer to use one of the safest modes of transport, and this cannot be explained by price alone. After all, for some destinations the cost of plane and train tickets is almost equal. According to the Russian Railways website, for 2018 on trains long distance Almost 8% more passengers were transported than last year. And the increase in the number of passengers on electric trains amounted to almost 3%.
0.09 cases per million transported
The trolleybus is in second place in terms of safety among modes of transport in Russia. According to NSS statistics, for every million passengers transported there are only 0.09 accidents. Most of them are banal “stumbled and fell.”
The reasons for the low trauma rate of a trolleybus are very simple - its volume and weight, as well as its low speed. In a collision, for example, with a passenger car, the car will suffer much worse. And the trolleybus passengers will get away with minor bruises.
0.04 victims out of 1,000,000 people
The safest transport according to statistics for 2018 in terms of the ratio of the number of accidents to the number of passengers. In total, out of one million people arriving from point A to point B, no more than 0.04 people are injured. In addition to safety, the tram has many advantages:
- it moves more smoothly than a car or even a trolleybus;
- less noisy;
- completely autonomous from traffic jams (unless, of course, motorists try to drive along the tracks);
- Of all urban transport, it causes the least harm to the environment.
Unfortunately, trams are gradually disappearing from small towns in Russia. The reason is the limited local budget, which simply cannot support a separate line. In just the past twenty years, the number of trams has decreased by more than 35%. Does this mean that the safest form of transport will gradually disappear from the urban landscape?