Granada city spain attractions. Sights of Granada: overview, photos and description. Sights of Granada: what else to visit in Granada

The city of Granada in southern Spain, in the hot province of Andalusia, is recognized as the most magnificent in Europe. This city has a rich and very long history, a lot of attractions and ancient monuments, interesting traditions, which attracts travelers here on sightseeing tours.

Granada is located near the picturesque Sierra Nevada mountain range, nestled on three lush hills. This is an absolutely amazing Spanish town, once you visit it you fall in love forever. After all, as the writer Garcia Lorca truthfully noted, “Without visiting Granada, you cannot say that you have seen Spain.” Everything here captivates at first sight: wonderful little white houses lined up along ancient streets that meander like a ribbon, historical buildings - witnesses of the Roman and medieval eras, with strong notes of Arabic influence, a piercing blue sky that is pierced by snow-capped mountain peaks, the greenery of the hilly slopes , on which tangerine, orange and lemon trees smell fragrant. Granada is one of the most recommended Andalusian cities for tourists to visit, with a lot of interesting things, where you can learn a lot about the identity of this hospitable people. Here, like nowhere else, one feels the mixture of religious movements, cultures, traditions: the city belonged to various peoples during its long history.

History of Granada

The history of the settlement dates back to those distant times when the Phoenicians formed the small village of Iliberra. Then the town was captured by the Romans, who erected many architectural structures here. Then it fell into the hands of the Vandals, later the Byzantines, and only by the sixth century it became part of the Iberian state, which was created by the Visigoths. Two centuries later, the city was captured by the Moors, who laid the foundation for the formation of Granada as a large settlement with numerous architectural objects - majestic and beautiful. It was the Moorish influence that gave impetus to the popularity of Granada, the most visited city in the Spanish south by travelers. In the ninth century, Granada literally became the central settlement within a century after the collapse of the great Cordoba Caliphate. Since the twelfth century, the Nasrid dynasty, founded by Mohammed ben Nazar, settled here and stood at the head of the growing Kingdom of Granada, located on an important trade route from the city of Murcia to Gibraltar. Granada is the last Moorish settlement in Spain. Their possessions were reconquered by Christians at the end of the fifteenth century, and the Muslims were forced to leave Spain for Morocco, leaving the city of Granda, which they poetically called “The Star of Mohammed that fell to the mortal earth.” The Arab influence, perceptible throughout, is clearly felt to this day in the ancient streets of Granada and in the majestic sights - castles, fortresses, mansions, palaces.

Sights of Granada

- occupies the hilly slope of the Sierra Nevada range. This area is the most visited attraction in Granada and is recognized by UNESCO as a protected site of history and antiquity. The ancient Moorish region attracts with its unusual architecture for Catholic Spain, with a large number of churches erected in buildings that used to be Muslim minarets, all of them decorated in the lush and charming Mudejar style characteristic of the south of the country. Previously, the Moorish Albayzin was protected by two rows of powerful walls, now there are only miraculously preserved arched gates of the eleventh century: “Puerta de Elvira” - through which, according to historical documents, the Spanish kings Isabella and Ferdinand entered as winners, as well as the gate “Puerta de Monaita” " and "Puerta Nueva". Walking through this historic Granada quarter, tourists feel like they are back in centuries. And indeed, looking at the snow-white old houses with miniature gardens - “carmen”, it is difficult to relate oneself to the twenty-first century.

- a wonderful architectural detail of the Moorish region of Albayzin. The baths date back to the eleventh century. Their importance lies not in the presence of a place in the city for maintaining hygiene, but as a place for communication. According to Islamic traditions, a true believer must regularly perform ablutions, so the Arab baths have become for the Moorish part of the population of Granada a place for a pleasant pastime in communication with like-minded people and fellow believers, and taking relaxing and healing baths. The stone building of the Moorish baths is crowned with domes. Inside, the room has three large rooms: one contains baths for cold water; in the second - for warm water; in the third - hot water. The interior of the Baths of Granada is not similar to the Moorish one, as the room is decorated with Romanesque columns supporting the ceiling.

(Alhambra Palace) is a whole historical and architectural complex of Granada, located on the Al-Sabika hill, next to the Albasin quarter. “Alhambra”, translated as “Red Castle”, includes several attractions at once: - Alcazabu Fortress; - Palace buildings of the Nasrid dynasty; - Generalife Gardens, on the territory of which the Summer Palace is located; - Palace of King Charles the Fifth. The Alhambra palace complex, which includes not only mansions, fortresses, mosques, but also green parks and gardens, easily captures the imagination of seasoned travelers. The premises of these buildings are carefully decorated and decorated. Marble, ceramics, mosaic, and plaster are used to decorate the interiors. There are many fountains and places for relaxing in the greenery. Tourists can partially see the palace complex for free, although only from the outside, and to get acquainted with the inner hidden courtyards and chambers, you need to purchase a ticket. The Alhambra complex is open in winter from mid-November to mid-March from half past eight in the morning to two in the afternoon; from two o'clock in the afternoon to six o'clock in the evening; from eight to half past nine in the evening. In summer, the palace is open from half past eight to two in the afternoon; from two to eight in the evening; from ten to half past eleven in the evening. Visits to the complex are divided into morning, afternoon, and evening, so you should arrive at the indicated hours. The price of an adult full ticket to the Alhambra is fourteen euros; for children under twelve years of age – free; for children from twelve to fifteen years old – eight euros; elderly people over sixty-five years old - free; for pensioners living in the territory of the European Union - nine euros; people with disabilities - eight euros; evening ticket – eight euros. You can purchase a guided tour for fifty-five euros.

(Alcazaba) - a majestic structure occupying the Plaza de los Algibes, was erected as the residence of the Moorish rulers of the powerful Nasrid dynasty. Construction ended during the period in which Muhammad the Fifth was in power. A simple and even modest building on the outside was lavishly decorated on the inside. The amazing structure was practically destroyed by time, only the formidable walls of the former fortress, reinforced with several towers, remained of its former grandeur; from here you can admire the charming views of Granada. Particularly beautiful panoramas open from the Torre de la Bela tower. On the territory of the fortress there are remains of the premises of the Muslim military barracks, as well as defensive fortifications, pits where prisoners were previously kept.

The Alhambra includes three charming palaces of the Nasrid dynasty: Mechouar Palace, Palace of the Lions, and Comares Palace.

- a place where Moorish rulers held official meetings and receptions, gave audiences to subjects and guests of the kingdom, and also held trials. The palace is one of the oldest historical parts of the Alhambra. The building is gracefully decorated with fine and exquisite Arabic carvings, representing a very interesting landmark of Granada, both from a historical and aesthetic point of view.

- the private territory of the family of the Emir of Granada, where his chambers were located. The palace was built in the fourteenth century for the ruler Mohammed the Fifth. The building has a bright oriental style of architecture, but elements of Christian architecture are clearly woven into it. Local guides say that the emir was on friendly terms with the King of Castile, Pedro the Cruel, who was able to instill in the eastern monarch a love of foreign architecture. Any guide, bringing tourists to the Palace of Lions, begins to get acquainted with its interiors by telling two local legends: the first reveals the meaning of the name of the mansion, and the second explains the meaning of the name of one of the halls. The palace was named after the lions, whose sculptures decorate the fountain located in the courtyard - twelve animals hold a huge bowl on their backs. This is a metaphor for the biblical parable that the throne of the wisest of kings, Solomon, rested on twelve lions. Emir Muhammad the Fifth had a vizier, a Jew by origin, and it was he who told the ruler a parable about the unsurpassed wisdom of Solomon, and he decided not to yield primacy to anyone and even equal the king in wisdom, naming the palace that way and installing a “cup of wisdom” in the courtyard. The second legend tells why one of the rooms of the palace is called the “Hall of the Abencerraches” - here a hundred people were executed - representatives of an important Muslim dynasty because of a daring young man of this family, when he fell in love with the emir's concubine.

The official residence of the Nasrid family, a beautiful city building, near which is located the charming “Myrtle Court”, where tourists who are tired of a tour of the Alhambra love to relax. Near the palace there is a huge fountain; its waters reflect the wonderful outlines of the building with jagged defensive turrets and arched openings. The interior of the palace is no less magnificent, of course, you will certainly be delighted by the “Golden Room” with a carved wooden ceiling covered with gilded paint in the Mudejar style. The Spanish Queen Isabella of Portugal lived here for a short time.

- these are real paradises and a green oasis, attracting the eye against the backdrop of white caps of snow covering the peaks of the Sierra Nevada. The gardens became a decoration of the Sultan's residence in the fourteenth century. It was an oasis for pleasant walks and relaxation, as well as a reliable “supplier” of fresh fruit to the tables of the ruler’s large family. You can still walk through the Generalife Gardens today, where palm trees, oranges, lemons, tangerines, cypresses, colorful flowers grow like seven centuries ago, the water splashing from the fountains murmurs pleasantly, and birds sing. The feeling of being in the “Garden of Eden” does not leave you while you wander around the Generalife.

- also a very beautiful building, built not by the Moorish rulers, but by Charles the Fifth in the sixteenth century. He issued orders that some Arab buildings should be demolished and replaced by an elegant palace and church. The project was created by Michelangelo's student, the architect Pedro Machuca. Although the building does not have the lightness inherent in Arabic buildings, it is no less attractive. Today there are two interesting museums of Granada located there - the Museum of Fine Arts and the Alhambra Museum.

(Monasterio de San Jeronimo) - This beautiful building, located along Gran Capitan Street, is a true Christian stronghold in Spain. A very interesting fact is that the order for its construction was given by the Catholic kings, even before the capture of the city of Granada by Christians, which was a very wise and thoughtful decision, because wise rulers planned in advance the starting point for the Christianization of the former Moorish possessions. The first building of the monastery, erected in 1522, had Gothic features, which later acquired Renaissance notes. Now this charming piece of architecture delights the eyes of sophisticated travelers. The monastery was damaged when Napoleon's army arrived, but it was carefully restored. This is an absolutely delightful building, the interiors of which are luxurious and elegant: reliefs, frescoes, charming sculptures, gilding, ceramics - everything here pleases the eye. Opening hours: from April to October, from Monday to Sunday - from ten in the morning to half past two, from four in the evening until half past seven; in the period from November to March - from ten in the morning to half past two in the afternoon, from three in the afternoon until half past seven in the evening. Entrance ticket is three and a half euros.

(Basilica de San Juan de Dios) is the decoration of Granada and an important stronghold of the Hospitaller Order. The magnificent building was erected in 1737 under Prior Alonso de Jesus Ortega with funds provided by the Hospice Order of St. John of God. The design of the building was created by the main Malaga and Granada architect, José de Bad. The interiors of the church are a charming example of eighteenth-century Andalusian Baroque - an incredibly opulent style with an abundance of mirrored and gilded surfaces, marble and ceramic details. There are various frescoes, beautiful sculptures, depictions of scenes from the life of St. John of God or Juan de Dios.

(La Catedral de Granada) is a remarkable landmark of Granada and Andalusia along Gran Via de Colon. Construction began in 1492, as soon as the Moors were expelled from Granada, its construction continued until 1703. The Renaissance-style building is a “pearl of Granadian architecture.” The interiors of the cathedral are decorated with marble, unique paintings by artists, gilded paintings, and sculptures. The attention of tourists is attracted by the Royal Chapel, which is completely incompatible in style, despite its adjoining to the building. It was built in the late Gothic style in the sixteenth century. Here is the resting place of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile, as well as Philip the Fair and Juana the Mad, who were not buried in the burial place of all Spanish kings. Entrance to the cathedral costs five euros. Visits: from Tuesday to Saturday from forty-five minutes past ten to fifteen minutes on the second day, then from four in the afternoon until forty-five minutes after eight in the evening; on Sunday - from four in the afternoon until forty-five minutes past eight in the evening.

And Santa Ana (Iglesia de San Gil y Santa Ana) is the oldest religious building in Granada, located near the Darro River. This church was built in 1537 right on the ancient foundation of the Al Jama Almanzora mosque, and the minaret was preserved, it was simply converted into a Christian bell tower, the church facades were left original and completely unconventional for Catholic buildings, in the Mudejar style, in principle, this is not for southern Spain nonsense! The architect who oversaw the reconstruction project was the incredibly popular Diego de Siloe. If the external architectural style of this church can be called “Plateresque”, then the interior interiors should be defined as “Baroque” with strong Spanish influences. Tourists visiting this building remain invariably delighted with the chic interior decor, splendor of decoration, abundance of gilding, statues, frescoes, paintings; here they always take many photos as a souvenir. The main relic of the church is the “Chalice”, the work of Francisco Telles, created in 1568. The “Calvary” monument, which is located directly at the entrance door of the church, is very interesting; it was created by the great master carver Diego de Aranda in 1671. Entrance for tourists is free, but the church is active, so the clergy ask you to photograph the interior without flashes and not make noise when the sacrament of the service is taking place.

(Abadia del Sacromonte) – this Benedictine monastery is located on the Holy Mountain, the ascent to which starts from the Square of the Weighing of Flour. The legendary cave houses of Granada are located on the mountain; from ancient times, residents rejected by the Reconquista - Jews, Arabs - settled there; a little later, gypsies joined their ranks. Many monastery premises are located directly in caves. How did this building come about? Two cunning Arabs - “crosses”, that’s what the Muslims were called, who accepted the Christian faith so as not to be expelled from the borders of Spain, created a great hoax: they “accidentally” discovered in these Granada caves a Christian relic in the form of metal tablets telling about the suffering of the martyrs -Christians, they also talked about Saint Cecilia, who was once the bishop of the city of Granada, but had Arab roots, and the relics of this Saint were found nearby. A mass pilgrimage immediately formed here. Rome did not delay checking the facts, but immediately ordered the construction of the Sacromonte Abbey on the mountain; construction started in 1598, and was finally completed only at the beginning of the eighteenth century. Now the monastic complex of Sacromonte is not only an abbey, but also a seminary, as well as a church, a luxurious patio decorated with a fountain in the middle. As for the relics of St. Cecilius, they are recognized as genuine, but the tablets are fake. In the depths of the underground caves passing under the monastery, there are the relics of Saint Leoncio and Saint Victor, which are enclosed inside from wax figures; these relics were brought to Granada from Italian Rome in the nineteenth century. Unique paintings, sculptures, crucifixes, and other priceless church relics are stored in underground caves - these are exhibits of the “Museum of Religious Painting and Church Paraphernalia.” There is an ancient oven here, where the corpses of several Christian martyrs were burned. Visiting the monastery is possible from the beginning of October to the end of April: from Monday to Saturday from ten in the morning to one in the afternoon, from four in the afternoon to six in the evening, on Sunday - from eleven to one in the afternoon, from four to six in the evening; - from the beginning of May to the end of September: from Monday to Saturday from ten to one in the afternoon, from five to half past seven in the evening; on Sunday from eleven to one in the afternoon and from five to half past eight in the evening. Ticket price is four euros, for children under ten years of age admission is free.

(Iglesia de San Nicolas) is a building built in 1525 in honor of the long-awaited liberation of Granada from Moorish rule. The church stands on the territory of the ancient Moorish quarter of Albaicin. Unfortunately, during the Civil War, which took place from 1935 to 1938, the ancient structure was badly damaged and has not yet been fully restored. But there are always a lot of tourists taking pictures here. Near the church there is an excellent observation deck called “Mirador de San Nicolas”, from here you can thoroughly examine and photograph the Alhambra Palace.

(Monasterio Santa Isabel la Real) is a charming convent of Granada, founded by the Spanish ruler Isabella of Castile on the site of the magnificent Dar al-Horra palace, owned by the Nasrid dynasty. By visiting this monastery, tourists will be able to purchase delicious sweets made by the nuns. As for the ancient buildings that survived from the original Moorish palace, only a small cozy courtyard and a swimming pool remained on the territory of the monastery.

(El Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion) – this monastery is located on Paseo de Cartuja. This ancient building of the monastery was erected in 1516, however, in a completely different place, and it was moved to the current one later. The Carthusian Order owned the monastery until 1836. Today, tourists have the opportunity to visit the magnificent religious site of Granada in Plateresque style, with a magnificent and very lovely arched courtyard. On the territory of the monastery there is a magnificent temple, delighting anyone with the splendor of its decoration, numerous masterpieces of art decorating it, in the form of canvases, luxuriously decorated choirs, and a beautiful altar. The Sacristy with its luxurious decor requires special attention, for which this room was nicknamed the “Christian Alhambra”. This Carthusian monastery of Granada is easily accessible from the city center by taking bus number 8.

– this is the most interesting museum of the city of Granada in the monumental mansion “Casa de Castril”, built during the romantic times of the Renaissance, in the magnificent Plateresque style. The building was erected by the talented Spanish architect Sebastian de Alcantara, a student of the famous Diego de Siloe. In the Archaeological Museum you can admire various finds of archaeologists made on the territory of ancient Granada, and paintings by outstanding local painters are also exhibited.

(Casa-Museo de Federico Garcia Lorca) is the regular summer residence of the poet-playwright and his family. Among the exhibits, tourists will be able to see original furniture, personal belongings, art objects, many portraits, photos, documents, and manuscripts. The museum is located on Virgen Blanca street, but you can only get here as part of a tour group. Tours take place every forty-five minutes; there is no need to register in advance. Ticket price is three euros.

(Jardines del Triunfo) – located along Ancha de Capuchinos street, this is a mysterious corner of the Spanish city of Granada. You may ask: why are these gardens surrounded by an aura of mysticism? Initially, there was an ancient Muslim cemetery of the Middle Ages, which was surrounded by a high wall with two towers framing the entrance gate. But after the capture of Granada by Christians, it was demolished and turned into a wasteland, partially planted with trees. Later, holidays and various entertainment events, such as bullfights, were held here. With the capture of Granada by the French, executions of Spanish patriots were carried out here. With the growth of the urban population, the ancient desecrated cemetery became the site of residential development, while the gardens withered away. But in 1856, the city authorities decided to build a park here, a reminder that there used to be gardens here, served by a column - a monument to the Virgin Mary. Since 1960, the local park has turned into a large walking area, which was decorated with shady alleys with fountains, benches, and the monument-column was moved to the area of ​​the “new” gardens. Today, the Gardens of Triumph are a charming recreation area for tourists and Granadians themselves, where you can feel an unusual aura of mystery.

(Parque de las Ciencias) is an excellent Granada attraction for tourists who come on holiday with children. The museum is located on Avenida de la Ciencia. Here you will be able to immerse yourself in the atmosphere of the Middle Ages in Andalusia, as well as learn about the latest trends in science and technology. Children will really enjoy the local Planetarium and several interesting halls: Perception, Biosphere, Research, Eureka. The park is spread over an area of ​​twenty-seven thousand square meters. Entrance ticket price: adults – seven euros, children – six euros.

Museum "Caves of Sacromonte"(Cuevas Sacromonte) is an attraction often visited with children in order to get acquainted with the life of the Andalusian gypsies - “hitanos”, see their household items, learn about traditions, customs, and history. The excursion to the Gypsy Caves passes through the historical quarter of Albaicin and the Sacromonte quarter. But the caves are easily accessible by bus route C2; ​​you can take it from Plaza Nueva.

Water park "Aquaola"- a charming water corner for children and adults, which is located in the city surroundings, in the village of Cienas de la Vega along Garcia Lorca street. It is also convenient for tourists that a completely free bus runs regularly to the water park from Granada. There are many magnificent slides, swimming pools, areas for children to play, cafes, bars. The water park is open from June to the end of September, every day, opening at half past eleven in the afternoon and closing at half past eight in the evening. The entrance ticket costs: adults - fifteen euros and children - ten euros for a full day holiday. Ticket price from three o'clock in the afternoon: adults - ten euros, children - seven euros.

Nuevo Los Carmenes Stadium and Granada FC (Granada Club de Futbol) is the main sports attraction of the Spanish Granada. The team appeared in 1931, but was originally called Recreativo de Granada. All the years she played with varying success, and in 2009 she was threatened with complete collapse if the Italian football club Udinese had not supported her by becoming a financial partner. Now the team plays in Primera. Since 1995, Granada FC has been based at the Granada Stadium - Nuevo Los Carmenes, which simultaneously accommodates sixteen thousand two hundred fans.

Entertainment in Granada

Although Granada is not a seaside resort, it is not very far from the Mediterranean coast; the closest thing for tourists staying here will be to the coastal resort town of Motril, which is an hour's drive away. There are excellent beaches where you can swim in the sea and sunbathe.

Since Granada is located on a mountainous area covered with snow caps, you can go to the local ski resorts on your vacation. We recommend going to the high mountain town of Sierra Nevada, where you can have a great rest. The trails here are well equipped and illuminated regardless of the time of day.

Granada has become famous for its magnificent extravaganzas. Holidays, interesting cultural events, music, cinema, theater and dance festivals, flamenco dance performances, which are held on the territory of the gypsy caves of Sacromonte, are regularly held here.

To see the real flamenco dance for which Spanish Andalusia is so famous, in Granada it is best to go to a specialized local restaurant called “tablao” - “Jardines Zoraya”. Here, to the music of the guitar and the sound of castanets, passionate flamenco masters will perform passionate dances in front of you. The concert lasts for an hour. You can bring children here; the restaurant has a children's menu. There is a bus route C1 from Novaya Ploshchad to the restaurant.

It is impossible, while vacationing in Andalusia, the homeland of bullfights, not to attend such a performance. Granada has a large bullring, Plaza de Toros de Granada, which can be found on Dr. Mesa Moles.” The price of a ticket to the fights varies from fifteen to twenty-five euros, which depends on the seats that the visitor will buy. Seats in the shade are much more attractive and more expensive, which is reflected on the ticket as “Sombra”. Of course, you don’t need to bring your child to this cruel spectacle; in Granada there is an ideal alternative - “bull racing”, which is quite appropriate for the child’s psyche.

How to save money in Granada?

Purchasing a Bono Turistico tourist card will help you relax in Granada more economically. With this card, you can stroll through the sights of Granada, take a sightseeing tour on a small auto-"train", and take five free bus trips around the city. Such cards are sold both online via the Internet and on the territory of the Corte Ingles shopping center in Granada, located on Carrera de la Vírgen. The Bono Turistico card costs thirty-three euros and fifty cents.

Holidays in Granada

The city of Granada is famous for its magnificent and extremely lavish holidays, memorable and colorful extravaganzas.

Incredibly interesting for travelers will be the traditional religious processions that take place during Holy Week, which in Spain is called “Semana Santa”, that is, “Holy Week”. Since Easter is not a fixed holiday for Catholics, the timing of “Holy Week” varies every year. This is a period when car traffic in the city center is necessarily blocked; absolutely all Granadians, and, of course, guests take part in the procession. These days it is customary to remember the feat of Christ, who went through suffering for the good of people and the atonement of their sins, but cheerful Spaniards also find some positivity here, dressing in bright costumes, they walk to the music with lit candles, carrying crosses, statues of Christ, the Mother of God , other Saints. The procession of “Silence” - “El Silencio”, that is, “Silence”, which occurs on the night of Maundy Thursday and the morning of Good Friday of Holy Week, seems very unusual to tourists. At night, all the lights in the city are extinguished, not only the lanterns, but also the billboards, and Catholic believers walk in complete silence with candles, occasionally beating the drums. Many foreigners come to Granada during Holy Week, so it can be very difficult to find decent accommodation; it is better to book it some time in advance.

In Spanish, the holiday is called “Corpus Christ”; it has floating dates, most often falling on June days. This religious holiday was organized by the monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella immediately after the recapture of Granada from the Moors. In 2018, the holiday takes place on the thirty-first of May, in 2019 it falls on the twentieth of June, in 2020 on the eleventh of June. Along with the holiday, the famous Granada Fair takes place. There are amazing religious holiday processions on the streets, although only on Wednesday, Thursday morning and Sunday evening. Wednesday is marked by the General Procession - “la Publica”, when the children of Granada carry the painted dragon Tarasca, who, according to legend, used to live in the southern region of France and destroyed settlements, and no matter who tried to kill the monster, no one succeeded, but the Saint was able to neutralize him with prayers Martha. Over the years, not only the dragon began to be called Taraska, but also this Saint, who is sewn annually in the form of a large doll and installed on the back of the defeated dragon. People dressed up as giant dolls and golovans take part in the procession. Thursday is Corpus Christi Day, which begins with a morning festive procession that gathers all Granadians dressed in Muslim and Christian attire.

Fair in Granada

(Feria de Granada) - goes on all days of the Celebration of Corpus Christi, it is located in the city quarter of Barrio de Almanhayar. You can get to Barrio de Almanjayar by free buses that run there regularly on holidays. The square and the neighboring Bib Rambla street are occupied by shopping tents, souvenir kiosks, in addition, there are food points where all guests of the city and Granadans can treat themselves to amazing Granadan treats. Throughout the fair and festivals, there are entertainment events - shows, competitions, attractions, bullfights.

Excellent tourist entertainment for guests. When planning a shopping trip in Granada, remember that there is a siesta here, so many retail outlets are closed in the afternoon. Of course, the exception is large supermarkets, the Corte Ingles shopping center along Carrera de la Virgen. Sales take place in Spain and Granada during the Christmas holidays and the end of the summer months, when great branded products can be purchased at huge discounts.

The main boutiques of Granada are grouped near the Cathedral. Mesones is considered an ideal street for shopping, with branded European stores. And at the Alcaiceria market in Granada, which is located on the street of the same name, you can buy a lot of souvenirs and all sorts of local goodies - fruit, jamon, sweets, wine. Many decent souvenir shops are located along Cuesta de Gomerez street. The most common souvenirs in Granada that tourists buy are magnets and plates with views of the city's attractions, T-shirts with inscriptions, and original dishes painted with Arabic folk patterns.

Of course, for football fans we should recommend purchasing items with Granada FC paraphernalia. There is an official team store in the city, it is based on Pintor Manuel Maldonado Street, near the stadium. They sell high-quality and expensive items with their symbols, but you can buy standard scarves, baseball caps, and T-shirts with the team logo in any souvenir shop in Granada.

Granada became the last stronghold of the Moors in Spain and the site of the final triumph of the Reconquista. The Arab component has become an integral part of the city - this is the stunning luxury of the Alhambra, the ancient gardens of the Generalife and the Moorish quarter of Albayzin. All these objects are included in UNESCO, representing great value for world culture.

Granada is the home of gypsy flamenco, where it can be seen in the original in the caves-cuevas of the gypsy region of Sacramonte. This is one of the few Spanish cities that has its own flamenco school.

You can see the beauty of the city right now in this video:

One can note the tendency of Granada's churches to be restrained on the outside and stunningly rich on the inside, like no other city. The number of sculptures, paintings and rich decorations amazes the most sophisticated tourists to holy places.

All this splendor is crowned by marvelous nature - picturesque mountains, among which the majestic Granada is located.

How to get to Granada

Photo: Granada Tourist Map

Air

For residents of Russia, the most profitable way to get to Granada is from neighboring Malaga, where there is a direct flight from Moscow during the season. From Malaga to Granada the bus (ALSA) takes only 1.5 hours.

Train

Granada has train connections with almost all major cities in Spain. From Madrid the train takes 4 hours, tickets cost from 30 €. From Seville the train takes 3.5 hours, tickets cost from 24 €.

Bus

From Madrid (Estacion Sur station) – 5 hours, tickets cost from 19 euros. From Malaga – 1.5 hours, tickets cost from 11 euros.

When to go

Granada is a mountainous city (700 m above sea level), where the weather has its own characteristics - warm clothes are needed in the morning and evening, when the sun has not warmed the air or is already setting. During the day it can be quite hot. However, there is little precipitation here, but there are plenty of sunny days.

The best time to visit is spring, when everything around is in bloom and the air is still quite fresh. In summer the average temperature is 25°C (maximum rises to 35°C), in winter – 6-8°C. In winter it is quite comfortable, especially for ski lovers because the Sierra Nevada is nearby. In addition, in winter, in February, the day of the patron saint of Granada, St. Cecilius, is celebrated with colorful processions along Mount Sacromonte.

Story

The history of the formation of the city of Granada goes back to the Iberian tribe of Turduli, who named the settlement Iliberry, transformed in ancient Roman times into Iliberis. The village of Granata at that time was a suburb where mostly Jews lived.

From 1013 to 1238, Zavi ben Ziri made Granada the capital of the kingdom of the Zirid dynasty, then it was conquered by the Nasrids, who built the Alhambra and ruled until the beginning of 1492. On January 2, 1492, an army of Christian kings entered the city, marking the end of the Reconquista.

In the 17th and 18th centuries the city suffered greatly from earthquakes and epidemics. The recovery from the crisis began only in the 19th century, resulting in an economic surge. Many railways were built, trade and the agricultural sector expanded. Granada was long under Franco's dictatorship, which only ended with his death in 1975.

Sights of Granada

Photo: Moorish Alhambra complex or Nasrid Palace

The Alhambra or Nasrid Palace (Alhambra, translated from Arabic as “red”) is a magnificent Moorish palace complex on the La Sabica hill, including a palace, towers, fortress walls, gardens, artificial ponds and fountains. The construction of the Muslim citadel began in 1238, and in 1492 it became a stronghold of Christian kings. For its beauty and engineering perfection, the Alhambra was nicknamed “the 8th wonder of the world,” and in 1984 it was added to the UNESCO list.

The most significant objects of the complex are the Myrtle Court, the Comares Palace, Mechouar and the Lion Court. The Palace of Charles V was built already in 1526 - now the Alhambra Museum and the Museum of Fine Arts operate here. The Church of Santa Maria was built nearby in 1581-1618.

From the 12th to the 15th centuries, the Generalife Gardens served as a place of retreat for emirs. This place of fabulous gardens, palaces and cozy courtyards is the embodiment of Muslim paradise on Earth. In 1984, the gardens were included in the UNESCO list.

Photo: Generalife Gardens

To enter the most ancient Moorish gardens in Europe, you must first pass the New Gardens and the Avenue of Cypresses from 1931. The Generalife Alley, the Stream Courtyard, the Acequia Courtyard, the Sultan's Cypress Courtyard - all this has captivated the imagination of poets, artists and ordinary tourists for many centuries.

The Granada Cathedral (Catedral de Granada) of the 16th-17th centuries was erected on the site of the mosque as a symbol of freedom from the Moors. The grandiose building embodied several architectural styles - Gothic, Baroque and Rococo. Inside, the cathedral is even more majestic - 67 meters long, 45 meters high, powerful columns, stained glass windows, valuable paintings and an abundance of gold trim.

Photo: Granada Cathedral

Capilla Real from the early 16th century is one of the most revered shrines in Spain, designed in the ornate late Gothic Isabelline style. Monarchs Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon are buried inside. Inside, the eye is drawn to the huge wrought iron grille separating the nave and apse, the magnificent marble tombs of the monarchs and the altar with sculptures dedicated to the ministry of John the Baptist.

Granada became the site of the final victory over the Moors, so the chapel became the tomb for these monarchs, who played a key role in completing the Reconquista and wished to rest here.

The Madrasa (Madraza de Granada) is a university-palace founded in the 14th century by Emir Yusuf I, now serving as the Academy of Fine Arts and belonging to the University of Granada. Tourists will be treated to a stunning courtyard, exquisite mosaics and a stunning Moorish wooden ceiling, as well as a fascinating account of the history of the Madrasa.

Photo: University-Palace Madrasah

From the central street Gran Via de Colon we go to Plaza Isabel la Catolica. In its center stands a sculpture by M. Benlure from 1892, in which Columbus conveys his projects to Queen Isabella.

The Coal Yard (Corral del Carbon) of the 14th century is the only surviving Moorish inn in the vastness of Spain, which has become a national monument. During the reign of the emirs, merchants stayed here, and later it served as a coal warehouse, comedy theater and guest house.

Moving northeast along Reyes Catolix Street, we find the neat, functioning Church of Sant'Egidio and St. Anne from the 16th century. Its main entrance with sculptures is especially beautiful, as well as its interior with ancient frescoes from the 16th and 17th centuries and the coffered ceiling.

Nearby, the beautifully preserved Arab Baths (El Bañuelo) lift the curtain on life in Granada during Muslim times. The dome of the central room with holes in the shape of stars is admirable.

Photo: Arab Baths

Dal al-Horra (Dar al-Horra in Arabic: “House of the Queen”) of the 15th century is a palace intended for the first wife of Emir Abu al-Hasan Ali. Later, the emir lived here with his second wife, taken from Christian concubines.

The Royal Hospital (Hospital Real) of the early 16th century was an extremely important strategic site after the end of the Reconquista, to treat patients with syphilis, then people with mental illness.

The 18th century Basilica of St. John of God (Basilica San Juan de Dios) is stunning with its architectural splendor in the Andalusian Baroque style. Inside, the basilica is replete with frescoes, sculptures, gold and marble decoration and paintings from the life of St. John of God by the artist Sarabia. Here are the remains of Saint John Cidade Duarte (secular name of St. John of God), a visiting Portuguese who organized a hospital and shelter for the poor.

Photo: Basilica of St. John of God

The Monastery of St. Jerome (Monasterio de San Jeronimo) is the first Granada monastery, founded in 1492 immediately after the capture of the city by the Catholic monarchs. The austere Gothic building is rich and majestic inside - especially memorable are the skillful paintings of Juan Medina and the main altar in the Renaissance style with relief scenes from the life of Jesus Christ. The entrance to the monastery church is decorated with a sculpture of the interpreter of Scripture, Saint Jeronimo.

The Carthusian Monastery (La Cartuja), located just north of the rest of Granada, is very modest in appearance, but the interior is breathtaking. The courtyard with a citrus garden enchants, the sacristy in the most sophisticated baroque style amazes, and the collection of paintings on religious themes, in particular about the history of the Carthusian Order, amazes. Also amazing is the chapel in the European Baroque style with numerous sculptures and paintings.

Take half a day to stroll through Granadians' favorite destination, the Albaycín Arab Quarter (UNESCO). The quarter, located on a hill, lures you into cozy streets with Moorish mansions-museums, Arab baths, aqueducts and arches, and there are also observation decks with magnificent views of the Alhambra and mountain peaks.

Sacromonte is a colorful gypsy quarter in the Valparaiso Valley, which can be reached along one of the streets of the Albaicin district. In the cave houses (cuevas) of this area, fiery flamenco was born. The cool caves where the passionate dance is performed have been preserved to this day - this is the best flamenco show in Spain.

Photo: Roma quarter Sakromotne

The science park is a unique place where all the exhibits can and even need to be touched. It will be interesting for children and adults to go on a “journey” through the human body, visit the Optical Hall, the Biosphere Hall and see other thematic rooms. You need to spend at least half a day to visit this park, but it is worth it.

Attractions in the surrounding area

Photo: Lanjaron - a city with thermal springs

The Abbey of Sacromonte is located in a picturesque area on Mount Sacromonte (translated from Spanish as “holy mountain”), from where it offers an amazing panorama of Granada. The Sacromonte Monastery is covered in interesting legends about enterprising Catholic Arabs who found the “authentic” relics of St. Cecilius (the first bishop of Granada) and records of martyrs in local caves. According to legend, this served as the basis for the construction of a monastery and abbey, where, among other things, you can visit a museum with the oldest map of Granada and the oven where several martyrs were burned.

Just 40 kilometers from Granada is the Sierra Nevada Nature Reserve. In winter it is a magnificent ski resort, which is the southernmost on the continent with comfortable winter temperatures. And in the summer there are incredible spaces for trekking and cycling routes along very comfortable asphalt roads with different levels of difficulty.

The famous Frederico Garcia Lorca was born in the town of Fuente Vaqueros. This is an original village where you can visit the house of a Spanish poet on Trinidad Street.

Lanjaron is a place with thermal springs, famous for its mineral waters throughout Spain.

The most atmospheric areas of the city are Sacromonte and Albayzin, where you can take stunning photos against the backdrop of whitewashed houses, Moorish mansions and panoramic photos on observation decks. There are also stunning views of Mount Sacromonte, where the abbey of the same name is located.

For tourists who intend to visit all the sights of the city, a special card is provided - Granada City Pass (price about 30 €). It is valid for 7 days and saves 30% on visits to the Alhambra, the Generalife Gardens, Granada Cathedral, the Chapel, the monasteries of St. Jerome and the Carthusian Monastery, the Park of Sciences and some museums. Additionally, it entitles you to 9 free passes and a daily ticket for a tourist bus.

When planning a visit to the sights, remember that the Alhambra is open until 20:00 in the spring and summer, and until 18:00 the rest of the year.

Shopping

Photo: Granada Ceramics

Shopping spots are concentrated around the Granada Cathedral: Plaza Bib, Plaza Trinidad, Plaza Reyes Catholicos and Plaza Campillo. There are also large shopping centers where you can buy world brands at significant discounts.

What to buy:

• Famous brands: Zara, Bershka, Stradivarius, Massimo Dutti, etc.;
• Traditional Granadian ceramics (Fajalauza) with blue-green designs (Bocanegra Street);
• Embossed leather accessories and decorative elements (workshop of Munira Mendoza);
• The finest wood inlay using Arabic techniques (Albayzin quarter, Cruz de Arqueros street);
• Wineskins;
• Guitars from local craftsmen;
• Amazing filigree jewelry.

Things to do in Granada

10 cases in Granada:

1. Visit an Arabian fairy tale - the Alhambra palace complex;
2. Hide from the heat of the day in the Muslim paradise - the Generalife Gardens;
3. Treat yourself to an unusual remojon salad with a glass of local wine;
4. Take a flamenco lesson in one of the cave caves of the Sacromonte quarter;
5. Visit the hammam bath and taste mint tea in one of the Arab restaurants;
6. Make a pilgrimage to Mount Sacromonte, where unforgettable views open up;
7. Embark on an exciting cycling route through the Sierra Nevada Nature Reserve;
8. See the grandeur and glory of the Granada Cathedral;
9. Go on a journey through the human body in the Science Park;
10. Buy Granadian ceramics or a souvenir made of embossed leather.

What and where to eat

Photo: Remojon dish

Tortilla in Sacromonte - according to legend, on St. Cecilia's Day (Feb. 1), a roast lamb was stolen and a Sacromonte monk prepared an omelet with the remains of the lamb: brains, testicles and bone marrow. This became the filling for the Granada omelette. This omelet can be enjoyed at the Brinas restaurant on Plaza Bib.

Remojon is an exotic salad with Moorish roots, which is prepared from dried cod, olives, garlic, oranges and hot peppers.

Desserts of Granada: spiced pumpkin pies (empanadillas), almond cookies (almendrados), “bones of saints” (waffle rolls), King cake, etc.

Where to eat

Traditional Granadian food with views of the Alhambra awaits tourists at the Mirador de Moraima restaurant, which is located in the Albaicin quarter. Here they prepare bloodwort with apples, cod with almonds, remojon salad, asparagus, and Moraima tortilla.

Another popular place is the La Oliva restaurant, where you can taste national cuisine and wines. An inexpensive and cozy place is the Oliver restaurant with a huge selection of fish dishes, salads, desserts and delicious drinks.

You can visit establishments with Arabic food, for example, Kasbah Teteria with excellent prices and excellent cuisine, as well as establishments on Calle Caldereria.

For the best local wines, head to Bar Kiki next to the Granada winery.

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TOURISTS' ANSWERS:

Granada is one of the largest cultural and historical centers in southern Spain. Granada itself is an ancient city, founded before our era. For several centuries, Granada was under Arab rule, then during the Reconquista (that is, reconquest), it came under the control of the Spaniards. That is why two completely different cultures mixed in Granada, and monuments remained from both the era of Arab domination and the period of Spanish rule.

One of the city's most famous attractions is undoubtedly the Alhambra, a complex of palaces, fortresses and gardens built by the Arabs. The easiest way to get there is with a tour, because there are not many tickets on sale and they sell out very quickly. You can spend from a few hours to a whole day on the territory of the Alhambra - because it includes both a number of architectural buildings and huge gardens. In addition, the Palace of Charles V houses the Museum of Fine Arts, as well as the Alhambra Museum, where archaeological finds that scientists have discovered on the territory of the complex are exhibited.

The Science Park, an interactive museum located near the historical center of Granada, also deserves attention. By visiting it, you can get an idea of ​​how the human body works, learn about basic physical laws, safety at work and in everyday life, as well as the development of science in Spain and Andalusia. The museum also has a separate part intended for children from 3 to 7 years old - in an accessible form, children are explained what water, air, how our body works, etc. I would recommend visiting this museum to everyone who is interested in science, as well as in expanding and deepening our knowledge about the world around us.

Granada is the birthplace of the world famous Spanish poet Federico García Lorca, so it's no surprise that the city has a museum dedicated to him. It is located at calle Poeta Federico Garcia Lorca, 4 in a small town called Fuente Vaqueros. It is located very close to Granada, and you can get there either by bus or taxi. The trip will take literally twenty to twenty-five minutes (the distance is about 25 kilometers). The museum is located in the house where an outstanding Spanish poet once lived. It displays his belongings, manuscripts, photographs, and paintings. Federico Garcia Lorca was friends with other famous people of that time - film director Luis Buñuel and famous artist Salvador Dali. Their correspondence is also presented at the exhibition. The entrance ticket costs 1 euro 80 cents. The museum is closed on Mondays, but from Tuesday to Saturday it can be accessed from 10 am to 1 pm or from 4 pm to 6 pm. On Sundays, the museum is open to the public only in the morning.

Another noteworthy museum located in Granada is the House of Shots. This museum is located in a palace built during the Renaissance, and it owes its interesting name to the muskets that are depicted on its facade. The museum displays photographs, engravings, lithographs, ceramics, and portraits of Catholic kings (including Ferdinand and Isabella). The address of the museum is Pavarenas, 19. It is located near the historical center of Granada. You can get there on foot, by bus (buses number 30 and 32 stop near the museum) and, of course, by taxi.

Lovers of antiquities should pay attention to the museum at the royal chapel, located at calle Oficios, 3. It is open to the public from Monday to Saturday, from 10 to 13:00 and from 16:00 to 19:00, on Sunday you can visit it from 11:00 to 13:00 and from 16:00 to 19:00. Inside the chapel there are paintings by Botticelli and Perugino, as well as Spanish masters who worked during the reign of the Catholic kings. In addition, the museum also displays paintings from a later period - the Renaissance, as well as the Baroque. In addition, the chapel contains the burial places of kings and a magnificent altar, which, without exaggeration, you can admire for hours. The entrance ticket will cost you 4 euros; for people over 65 years old, the ticket costs 2 and a half euros.

And finally, I would like to draw your attention to the Carthusian monastery, located very close to Granada. It is located a few kilometers from the city center; previously it was located outside the city limits, but the city is gradually growing, so you can already see city houses there. Its address is Paseo de la Cartuja, the building does not have a number, but it is not needed - after all, it can be seen from afar. It was erected in the 16th century on the site where, according to legend, the Spaniards won a significant victory over the Arabs. Its construction lasted several centuries and was completed only in the mid-18th century. In the Middle Ages, monks lived there, but later the monastery was transferred to private individuals, after which it was partially destroyed. In the 20th century, restoration work took place, during which the monastery was given its original appearance (paintings and decoration were restored). The façade of the building is decorated with jasper and colored marble, as well as the figure of St. Bruno, the founder of the Carthusian Order. In the courtyard of the monastery there is a magnificent orange garden in which you can take a walk. Inside there is a collection of paintings of great historical and artistic value. The chapel contains two altars created by the Spanish painter Juan Sanchez Cotan. The first altar depicts the Baptism of the Lord, and the second - the Exodus into Egypt. The monastery will be of interest to both religious people and connoisseurs of antiquities and culture. It has an incredibly peaceful atmosphere, so, in my opinion, it is worth paying your attention to.

There is also an archaeological museum in Granada, but, unfortunately, it is currently closed. The exact opening date is still unknown, but it may well be that by the time you arrive it will already be available for visiting. It displays artifacts found in Andalusia and the surrounding area of ​​Granada, including objects related to Iberian, Roman, Arab, Phoenician and Spanish culture. The address of the museum is Carrera del Darro, 43.

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Abbey of Sacromonte

It is no coincidence that this sun-dried abbey is located in Granada. There is a legend according to which Saint Cecilio, who was the first bishop and patron of the city, was killed here by the Romans. This legend has factual confirmation - Arabic tablets that were discovered here. However, it is worth noting that there are doubts about their authenticity, but the monastery, nevertheless, lives an ordinary life and glorifies its saint.

In the abbey museum you can look at those tablets and decide for yourself whether they are genuine. There is also a furnace where the remains of several other martyrs are believed to have been burned. Among other things, in the museum you can see figures, paintings and the oldest map of Granada.

You can visit the museum, church and catacombs only as part of a tourist group; excursions are organized here daily, 11:00-13:00 and 16:00-18:00, and they take about half an hour.

This attraction is located at the address: Paseo del Sacromonte, you can get there from Monday to Friday. You will need to pay 3.5 euros for entry.

Cathedral

Granada has a very interesting history: at first the Moors ruled here, after them the Spaniards came with the Reconquista - the life of the local settlers and the city was never quiet. However, at the end of the fifteenth century, when new owners - the Spaniards - came to Granada, thanks to them the city acquired a majestic Cathedral. It was erected where the mosque had previously been located - this fact, by the way, was not something unusual for those times.

At first, it was planned to add two pompous towers, eighty meters high, to the existing luxurious building, but only one was erected, and not as tall and luxurious as originally planned.

But they didn’t bother with the interior design - here you immediately understand that you are in the main city cathedral. Here you can see skillful, upward-sloping vaults, white carved columns, surrounded by wall paintings by famous painters, and all this beauty is well sprinkled with gilding.

The Royal Chapel, which is probably the largest tomb in the state, joins the structure of the cathedral. Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon are deservedly buried here. This honor was given to them according to their merits - due to the fact that Isabella patronized and financed the discoverer of America, Christopher Columbus, and Ferdinand recaptured the city from the Moors.

Tickets to the cathedral and chapel are sold separately. You should remember that the cathedral is active, and behave as expected in such a religious place, but the advantage is that, if you are lucky, you will be able to listen to the mass - it is rumored to have remained the same as five centuries ago...

This remarkable place is located at Gran Via de Colon, 5. Opening hours: Monday-Saturday from 10:45 to 13:30 and from 16:00 to 20:00, Sunday from 16:00 to 20:00 . This applies to the period from March to August; during the period September-February, you can get to the cathedral from Monday to Saturday from 10:45 to 13:30 and from 16:00 to 19:00. On Sundays – from 16:00 to 19:00. To enter the cathedral you will need to pay 4 euros, and to the chapel - 3.5 euros.

Albaicin

Once upon a time, during the romantic and cruel period of Moorish rule, the ancient district of the city of Albayzin was considered its main and central quarter. Many years have passed since that time, however, fortunately for visitors, Albaicin has remained the same as it was, with its labyrinth of endless stairs and narrow streets, on which white houses are located and between which ropes with colorful Andalusian linen are stretched.

Seven centuries after the founding of this quarter, about thirty new churches and about fifty restaurants have appeared here.

If you want to get the full Albaicin experience, wear comfortable shoes and set aside at least half a day for this walk. And rest assured, you will love it here.

What you need to pay attention to here are the beautiful nooks and crannies where cats are hidden sleeping in the shadows, and the observation decks with stunning views of the Alhambra (the most famous mirador - as such observation platforms are called here - is San Nicolas).

And here is your last instruction for traveling through this ancient quarter: set off either very early in the morning or in the evening (the Alhambra in the light of the setting sun is another topic for conversation), since here, basically, at any time of the year there is a strong heat. But if you go in the evening, it’s worth bringing some kind of warm cape or something else suitable, since with the onset of darkness it becomes very cool here.

Alhambra

The mysterious Red Palace in Granada is an attraction where you can not only take impressive photos, but also experience several different cultures at the same time. By 1230, during the period when Christians conquered almost all the territories in Spain from Muslims, this city turned into a center where Muslim culture was preserved - it has been preserved to this day. Here Muslims set out to build “heaven on earth.”

Arab historians believe that not only did the red brick influence the impression that visitors get from the local atmosphere, but also that the builders built the palace at night, illuminating the work area with torches, which gave the walls a red tint.

You can get here both during the day and at night. A visit to the gardens and Generalife Palace will cost only 6 euros - from 20:00 to 00:00.

The box office sells tickets from 08:00. During the “season” and the influx of tourists - from May to October - you have the opportunity to buy tickets three or four days in advance.

If you haven’t thought through the issue of tickets in advance or arrived in the city unplanned, you should inquire about the possibility of booking at your hotel. In many places this service is available.

Adults will need to pay 12 euros for entry, children under twelve years old will have free entry.

It is impossible to get into the palace only on two days throughout the year - December 25 and January 1.

Only when you get to Granada and feel the harmony in which white houses merge here with brick-pink ancient architecture, and the azure sky with the emerald green mountain slopes, crowned with white caps of snow that does not melt even in summer, you can understand why this city has always been considered one of the most beautiful in Spain. It's not so much about the sights of Granada, but about the amazing, original atmosphere of the ancient narrow, winding streets, saturated with the aromas of orange and lemon trees.

About invaders and liberators

The history of the city as a Phoenician settlement of Iliberra begins long before our era. In those ancient times, it was under the rule of the Romans, Vandals and Byzantines. In the 6th century, as a result of the great migration of peoples that went down in history, started by the Visigoths, the city became part of the Iberian state they created.

In the 8th century, the settlement, along with most of the Iberian Peninsula, was captured by the Moors, who subsequently formed the Cordoba Caliphate in the conquered territories. Resistance to the invaders, which involved the northern regions of the peninsula - the kingdoms of Aragon, Castile and Navarre, marked the beginning of the Reconquista liberation movement.

As a result of incessant wars, the Cordoba Caliphate disintegrated in the 11th century into separate independent emirates, and after 2 centuries, the Muslim Moors had one last stronghold in Andalusia - the Emirate of Granada, which was in their power until the 15th century. The capital at that time bore the Arabic name - Kalat Garnata. Many of Granada's landmarks date back to that time.

As a result of a long siege of the city in 1492, the Islamic ruler of the Nasarid dynasty, Muhammad XII, capitulated to the combined forces of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon. Granada lost its position as a capital city, and subsequently its commercial and cultural importance decreased markedly.

After the expulsion of the Moors, who moved to North Africa to the territory of modern Morocco, the entire remaining Muslim population - Moriscos - was forcibly converted to Christianity. Today, Moroccans, descendants of their former owners, cross the Strait of Gibraltar in boats to hire Andalusian peasants for agricultural work. Apparently this is the will of Allah!

Western "Damascus"

“The star of Mohammed that fell to earth,” as Granada was called, shone for Muslims for eight centuries. It still bears the imprint of seclusion characteristic of Arab culture.

This is a city in which today, both in everyday life and in the minds of people, Islam and Catholicism, Spanish arrogance and refined Eastern sensuality coexist peacefully. Notice boards offer a mix of flamenco and belly dancing classes, and Moorish architecture houses icons of Jesus and the Virgin Mary.

Despite the fact that the Spaniards are ardent supporters of coffee, the eastern tradition of tea drinking has been preserved here.

Its rituals are observed by many local sitios, decorated in Moorish style, with an amazing backdrop to ancient Arabic architecture.

Albaicin – minarets converted into bell towers

On the slope of one of the hills that strew the foothills of the Serra Nevada mountain range, lies the most ancient landmark of Granada, which was once the city center - Albaicin district. This Moorish heritage is listed by UNESCO.

Numerous temples attract attention with their architecture. The bell towers of Catholic churches, called “iglesias” in Andalusia, were built in the late Middle Ages on Muslim minarets. This distinctive style is called Mudejar and is most often found in Spain.

Under the Moors, Albaicin was surrounded by a double row of fortress walls, of which now only isolated fragments and gates, built in the form of arches in the 11th century, remain.

• Puerta de Elvira

• Puerta de Monaita

• Puerta Nueva

Legend has it that through the main gate of Puerta de Elvira, Their Catholic Majesties Isabella and Ferdinand entered the city as winners.

The stone structure topped with eastern domes also attracts the attention of tourists. This El Bañuelo – Moorish baths.

Traditionally, they consist of 3 rooms. The first was rectangular in shape and contained bathtubs with cold water, the second, square and larger in area, contained bathtubs with warm water, and the third, main room contained bathtubs with hot water.

The interior decoration of the ancient hammam does not exactly correspond to the Moorish style: the columns supporting the vaulted ceilings are reminiscent of the Romanesque architecture present in Granada even before the arrival of the Moors.

The ancient residential buildings that have been preserved in Albaicin, surrounded by small gardens, bear the strange name “carmen”.

Unusual and a little mysterious, they create an amazing impression: as if time here once froze in place forever.

The last architectural wonder of the Moors - the Alhambra

At the top of al-Sabika hill, just opposite Albaciin, lies the medieval palace complex of the Alhambra.

It includes:

• Nasrid Palaces;
• Generalife Gardens with summer palace;

It was built long before the reign of the Nasarid dynasty, but even today it is surrounded by powerful, high walls, and its towers, each of which has its own name, offer a magnificent view of the surrounding area.

Nasarid Palaces include 3 buildings.

In Mechoir Palace receptions, audiences and trials were held. This is the oldest part of the complex. Its walls, like those of other palaces, are decorated with Arabic openwork carvings on plaster.

In the Palace of Lions there were private chambers of the emirs. It was built in the 14th century under Muhammad V. Christian notes are woven into the Moorish style of this building. The guides claim that the emir’s friendship with King Pedro of Castile, nicknamed the Cruel, had this effect on him.

WITH Palace of Lions There are many legends associated with it. One of them claims that the Abencerrach family was beheaded in the palace hall; neither more nor less – 100 people. What crime led to the destruction of this family? Of course, love! One of the Abencerrachs dared to fall in love with the emir's concubine. In memory of the feelings of the daring young man, the hall is named after this executed family.

The central courtyard is decorated fountain in the form of 12 lions holding a huge twelve-sided bowl on their backs.

Another legend says that the number of royal beasts was not chosen by chance: 12 lions supported Solomon’s throne. And the emir learned about this from his Jewish vizier ibn Nagrella, who advised Muhammad to equal the biblical king in wisdom.

Palace Comares was the official residence of the Nasarid dynasty. In front of it is the Myrtle Courtyard, popular among tourists.

Majestic arches and jagged towers, as if in a mirror, are reflected in the water of a huge rectangular fountain, and the whole picture is reminiscent of an oriental fairy tale.

Here is the famous Golden room.

It got its name thanks to the inlaid carved ceiling made of wood and covered with gilding. The room was decorated already under the Spanish rulers; it embodies the best traditions of the Mudejar style. Once upon a time, the wife of Charles V, Queen Isabella of Portugal, stayed here.

Not in vain Generalife called "Gardens of Eden". Against the backdrop of the snowy peaks of the Serra Nevada, palm trees, cypresses and orange trees grow, near which there are flowering flower beds. And all this splendor is observed under the melodic murmur of water, shimmering in the splashes of fountains, breaking down in cascades and simply flowing along arranged channels.

The gardens look just like the “gardens of paradise” described in the Koran.

It was built in the 16th century at the request of the king.

Charles V ordered the demolition of part of the Moorish buildings and in their place a new palace with an adjacent church to be built.

The structure was designed by Pedro Machuca, who studied the craft of an architect in Italy, perhaps even from Michelangelo himself. He is one of the few Spanish architects who managed to work in the mannerist style.

The massive building does not fit into the overall light architectural ensemble, but thanks to it, the Alhambra was not wiped off the face of the earth in the past.

Now the palace houses two art museums.

The skillful, almost jewelry-like work of Moorish architects, carved patterned windows, arches, vaults, graceful columns, carefully thought-out arrangement of courtyards, ponds, cascades and fountains - such a synthesis rightfully allows us to consider the Alhambra a masterpiece of Moorish architecture that has no analogues in Europe.

Granada Cathedral - the celebration of Christian victory

To perpetuate the triumph of victory over the Moors, in Granada's medina, in 1518, it was decided to build a cathedral on the site of the mosque.

Note! Due to the duration of construction, which is as much as 200 years, there is a noticeable mixture of styles in the architecture of the cathedral.

The first architect of the cathedral was Enrique Egas, who strictly adhered to the Gothic style. But after a few years, control passed to Diego de Siloe; the Gothic style seemed too boring to him, and he diluted it with details in the spirit of the Renaissance. The cathedral was completed by the architect Alonso Cano. Being an adherent of classicism, he introduced his own stylistic features. Construction was completed in 1703.

The interior of the cathedral is designed in white and gold tones, which gives the room a special solemnity. Such famous artists as José de Ribera and El Greco worked on its design.

Its walls are decorated with numerous medallions and round windows - roses, and statues are installed on the cornices of the second tier. The walls are almost completely covered with decorative reliefs.

In the main chapel, called the Royal Chapel, rests ashes of victorious kings: Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon. These rulers are highly revered in Spain.

For those who have not seen Granada...

Poems by Federico Garcia Lorca, who was born here, are dedicated to Granada, who wrote that this city was created for music, and everything in it sings, even fountains and foliage of trees, and those who have not seen Granada have not seen anything at all.

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GRANADA >>> TWO DAYS IN GRANADA(life program for 48 hours)

A city in Spain and the capital of the province of the same name - Granada(Granada) is located in the autonomous region of Andalusia in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. The city is home to the Supreme Court of Andalusia. Granada is located at an altitude 738 m above sea level in the valley of the Genil River at the foot of the highest mountain range of the Iberian Peninsula Sierra Nevada(Sierra Nevada), which has a great influence on the city's climate. IN 2009 approx. lived in Granada. 235,000 people. The main districts of the city are: Zaidín, El Albaicín, Sacromonte, Realejo, La Chana, Almanjáyar and la Cartuja. To end XVI V. Granada was the capital of the kingdom of the same name. Granada is one of the most touristic cities in Spain. How could it be otherwise, if the magnificent monuments of the past are located so close to the ski resorts of the Sierra Nevada and the beach holiday centers on the coast (Costa Tropical). The main center of attraction is without a doubt (la Alhambra). Along with the Alhambra, two more monuments from the era of Moorish rule: Generalife And Albaicin- declared by UNESCO as a “World Heritage of Humanity” (1984).

Sights of Granada on Google MAP

TRANSPORT in GRANADA

Intracity buses serve 29 routes, including 4 tourist and 2 night routes. Train Station located in the center of the city. Long-distance trains allow you to reach most cities in Andalusia and other autonomous regions of Spain. Intercity electric trains(Media Distancia) travel from Granada to the cities of Seville, Almeria, Antequera, Ronda, Loja, Guadix and Linares Baeza. International Airport Federico García Lorca is located 17 km from the city. It offers flights to most Spanish cities and abroad.

GRANADA HOLIDAYS

As throughout Andalusia, the main festive event of the year in Granada is Passionate/Holy Week (Semana Santa). Almost the entire population of the city takes part in the solemn processions, united in 32 cofradia. The most beloved among the townspeople are the cofradia processions “Gypsies” (“los Gitanos”), which usually take place on the Wednesday before Catholic Easter. Holy Week declared in Granada holiday of international tourist interest (2009). Feria of Granada (Feria de Granada) does not have a fixed date, because the fair takes place simultaneously with the feast of Corpus Christi. This tradition was established by the Catholic Kings (Fernando and Isabella) after the conquest of the city. Traditional tents are erected between Plaza del Ayuntamiento and Bib-Rambla. Capture of Granada (Toma de Granada) - celebrated on January 2. San Cecilio(San Cecilio) - the holiday in honor of the patron saint of the city is celebrated on the first Sunday of February. On this day, a procession of believers goes to the Abbey of Sacramonte, where the relics of the Saint are kept. Maiden of Sorrows (La Virgen de las Angustias) - patroness of the city. Every year on September 15, residents present her with flowers. And on the last Sunday of September, a procession of believers passes through the city center.

GASTRONOMY OF GRANADA

Typical dishes of Granada are: abas con jamon(large beans with dry-cured ham), Tortilla Sacramonte, patats a lo pobre(potatoes with pieces of fried pork), salad with abas. Desserts of Granada: San Jeronimo puffs(hojaldre de San Jerónimo), biscuits(bizcochaza de Zafra). People in Granada love various dried fruits (raisins, dates, etc.)

SIGHTS OF GRANADA

Alhambra Address: C/ Real de la Alhambra E - 18009 Granada Website for ordering tickets: http://www.alhambratickets.com Opening hours: March-October. from 8.30 to 20 (and from 22 to 23.30 Tue-Sat); November-February from 8.30 to 18.00 (and Fri-Sat 20.00-21.30). The ticket office closes 75 minutes before. until the end of the complex's operation. The ticket entitles you to visit all premises. The entrance time to the Nazarene Palace (Palacios Nazaríes) is indicated on the ticket. Cost: 7 € (at the complex's box office). 7.88 € (when purchasing a ticket at BBV Bank branches in any region of Spain or online).

Generalife Address: Paseo de las Adelfas E - 18009 Granada

Albayzín Address: Pl. de San Nicolás E - 18010 Granada An ancient Arab district that arose on the hill of the same name, opposite the Alhambra. A walk through its narrow and crooked streets is a real adventure in time.

Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) Address: c/ Oficios 3 E - 18001 Granada Opening hours: 10.30-13 and 15.30-18.30. Apr.-Oct. 10.30-13 and 16-19; VSK and Holiday days 11-13 and 15.30-18.30. Closed Jan 2 (morning), Good Friday and 12 Oct (morning). Cost: 2.10 €.

Cathedral Address: Gran Vía de Colón 5 E - 18001 Granada Opening hours: 10.45-13.30 and 15.30-18.30; Sun. 15.30-18.30. Apr.-Sept. 10.30-13.30 and 16-19; Sun. 16 - 19. Cost: 2.10 €.

Palace of Charles V Address: Pl. de los Aljibes E - 18009 Granada The Palace houses two museums: the Alhambra Museum (Museo de la Alhambra) and the Museum of Fine Arts (Museo de Bellas Artes).

Darro Street (Carrera del Darro) Address: Carrera del Darro E - 18010 Granada A charming street that stretches along the banks of the Darro River. It starts from pl. Santa Anna (Plaza de Santa Ana) and ends at the Alley of Sorrows (Paseo de los Tristes). There are many stone bridges across the river that connect the Alhambra and Albaisin.

Alley of the Sorrowful (Paseo de los Tristes) Address: Paseo de los Tristes E - 18010 Granada This alley offers unforgettable views of the Alhambra. It is especially pleasant here in the evening, when the Alhambra is flooded with bright spotlights.

Monastery of St. Jeremiah (Monasterio de San Jerónimo) Address: c/ Rector López Argueta 9 E - 18001 Granada Opening hours: 10-13.30 and 15-18.30; Apr.-Oct. 10-13.30 and 16-19.30. Cost: 2.10 €. Renaissance style.

Arab Baths (Baños árabes /El Bañuelo) Address: c/ Santa Ana 1 E - 18009 Granada Opening hours: 10-14. Closed Mon, Sun and Holidays. Cost: free. The baths were built in the 11th century.

Church of San Juan de Dios (Iglesia de San Juan de Dios) Address: c/ San Juan de Dios 19 E - 18002 Granada Opening hours: guided visit (50 min) from 10 to 13. In the evening by prior arrangement. Closed VSK, Holiday. days and all of August. Cost: 2.40 €. The church was built in the first half of the 18th century. Style - Baroque.

Plaza de San Miguel Bajo Address: Pl. de San Miguel Bajo E - 18010 Granada In this square there is the famous Cristo de Los Faroles and the church of the same name.

Park of Sciences (Parque de las Ciencias) Address: Av. del Mediterráneo E - 18006 Granada Opening hours: 10-19. Sun. and Holiday days 10-15. Closed Sept. 15-30, and also on Mon, Jan. 1, May 1, Dec. 24 and 25. Cost: 3.60 €; 1.60 € (planetarium).

Prepared using materials from the Granada (Spanish) article from Wikipedia

INTRODUCTION +TRANSPORTATION+HOLIDAYS+FOOD+SIGHTSIGHTS OF GRANADA >>> TWO DAYS IN GRANADA (48 hours life program)

Andalusia is the heart of southern Spain, its blood, soul and history. Granada is the heart of Andalusia, which still holds memories of the power of yesteryear. The city attracts tourists with the passionate rhythms of flamenco, the splendor of Catholic cathedrals, the magnificent architecture of the old quarters and the restless gypsy spirit, as if floating in the air.

The grandiose Alhambra - witness to the heyday of the Emirate of Granada, the amazing caves of the Sacromonte quarter, the tomb of the famous Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile - this is just a small list of the attractions of Granada. Here, since time immemorial, the Generalife gardens have bloomed against the backdrop of the snow-capped Sierra Nevada ridges, and in the evenings, hospitable taverns light their lights and invite spectators to enjoy the spectacular flamenco dance.

What to see in Granada?

The most beautiful places and main attractions

An impressive palace complex surrounded by landscaped gardens, the ancient fortress of the Moorish rulers of the Emirate of Granada. The Alhambra is the highest achievement of architecture from the Nasrid dynasty, which ruled southern Spain from 1230-1492. The architectural ensemble of the Alhambra includes palaces, mosques, gardens, artificial reservoirs, residential buildings and administrative buildings.

A unique gypsy quarter, which is part of the historical Albaicin district. Since the 15th century, gypsies settled in caves located on the slopes of one of the city hills. It is believed that it was these Spanish “gitanos” who created the beautiful art of flamenco. The caves are still inhabited today, they are equipped according to modern realities. Some are inhabited by people, others are adapted for flamenco concerts and museums.

Ancient Arab quarter, historical center of Granada. It is located on a hill overlooking the Alhambra and the city surroundings. Albaicin has existed for more than 700 years, but over the past time it has changed little - all the same white houses, narrow stone streets covered with paving stones, and small taverns. The first settlements on the site of Albayzin existed in Antiquity before the arrival of the Moors.

The cathedral of the 16th-17th centuries, built in honor of the victory of the Reconquista and the liberation of Spain from Moorish rule. Granada became the last stronghold of the weakening caliphate, and after its conquest in 1492, the Catholic kings decided to build a grandiose Christian temple. The appearance of the Granada Cathedral shows the influence of several architectural styles: Gothic, Baroque, Classicism and Renaissance.

The chapel is part of the architectural complex of the Granada Cathedral; it was erected at the beginning of the 16th century according to the design of E. de Egas. The place is famous for the burial places of Catholic kings Isabella and Ferdinand. It was thanks to these rulers that Spain was liberated from Arab rule. Also next to the crowned spouses, under the arches of the chapel, there is the tomb of their daughter Juana the Mad and her husband Philip the Fair.

The abbey is located outside the city limits of Granada on the slopes of the Valparaiso hill. In the XVI - XVII centuries. these lands became a place of mass pilgrimage for Christians, as tablets were discovered here describing the martyrdom of some saints, as well as their relics. Some time later, with the approval of the Pope and his confirmation of the authenticity of the finds, an abbey was erected.

The monastery of the 15th century, built according to the design of D. de Siloe. The monastery of St. Jerome was the first Christian monastery built after the expulsion of the Moors. There is evidence that the decision to build it was made even before the victory over the Arabs. On the territory of the monastery there is the grave of the famous military leader of the Reconquista - F.G. de Cordoba. For his brilliant victories he was awarded the title of Great Captain.

The building of the monastery complex is a prominent representative of the architectural era of the Spanish Baroque. Construction of the monastery began in 1506 and lasted almost 300 years. Over such a long time, the appearance has absorbed elements of several architectural styles. As a result of the sale of surrounding lands in the 19th century, the monastic cells and the abbot's house were lost, but otherwise the monastery retained its original appearance.

The church is located near the monastery of St. Jerome. The basilica was erected in the 18th century at the expense of the Hospice Order, whose patron and founder was Saint John of God. It was decided to name the church in his honor. The relics of this saint are kept inside the temple. The interior is richly decorated with gilding, wall paintings and mirrors, massive candelabra and other elements.

A former Moorish school founded by Emir Yusuf I in the 14th century. Now the Academy of Fine Arts, part of the University of Granada, is located on the territory of the madrasah. In the Middle Ages, madrasahs taught a wide range of disciplines: law, mathematics, history, medicine. Some of the best thinkers of their time worked here. The school was closed in 1500 at the insistence of the Catholic clergy. The building passed from owner to owner until it ended up in the hands of the University.

Operating baths located on the ruins of a medieval hammam at the foot of the Alhambra. The baths were reopened in the 17th century and were the first in Europe. Inside, visitors are invited to fully immerse themselves in the ancient Moorish ritual of al-andalus bathing amidst magnificent historical interiors. Additionally, you can order a relaxing massage or swim in the pool.

A former Moorish caravanserai located near the cathedral. The complex was built during the heyday of the Nasrid dynasty in the 14th century and is an exemplary representative of the Mudejar architectural style. In the 16th century, for some time the inn was used as a coal warehouse, hence the name. In the 20th century, Corral del Carbon was restored several times.

A modern museum and a platform for experiments, where you can learn how many physical processes “work”, what happens during natural disasters, how the planet works and what the human body is made of. In addition to thematic halls, the Science Park has a planetarium, a tropical butterfly garden and an observatory with an observation tower. It is better to come here with children, as many attractions are designed for the inquisitive minds of children.

A historical complex consisting of a palace and landscaped gardens. In the XIII-XIV centuries, the residence of the rulers of Granada was located here. Since 1984, this site has become part of the UNESCO Historical Heritage List. The complex is the apogee of Arab park art. Everything here is designed taking into account the harmony of space - cypress alleys, small fountains, rose gardens create a unique feeling of privacy and tranquility.

The observation deck is located in the Albayzin district. All excursions to this historical quarter must include a visit to Mirador. From here you have excellent views of the Alhambra, especially romantic and mesmerizing in the evening. Street musicians and souvenir sellers are frequent guests at the site. The place is popular with couples in love; a lot of them gather here at night.