For everyone and about everything. Open left menu Tahiti Tahiti island country Spain or France
July 3rd, 2016
The islands of Tahiti cover an area of over two million square miles. They consist of 118 islands located on five large archipelagos. Many of them are topped mountain ranges, while others seem to have just surfaced from the depths of the ocean. The area in which all these islands are located is the same size as Western Europe. But total area The land of all the islands barely exceeds the area of the small state of Rhode Island.
The most visited by tourists include the following three archipelagos: Society Islands (including Tahiti, Moorea, Bora Bora, Huahine, Raiatea, Tahaa); Tuamotu Atoll or “Pearl Coast of Tahiti” (consists of the atolls of Manihi, Tikehau, Fakarava); Marquesas Islands. Two other archipelagos - the Astral Islands and the Mangareva Islands - are located south and southeast respectively of the Society Islands. There are still very few tourists on these archipelagos, but those who visited them were satisfied with the purity and untouched nature.
Approximately 4000 years ago BC. e. a very large number of people migrated from South-East Asia to the Pacific Islands. Many researchers believe that the islands of Tonga and Samoa were inhabited 1300 years ago BC. e., and from here people began to move to the Marquesas archipelago. Over the next few centuries, all of the islands of Tahiti were inhabited.
This area of the Pacific Ocean is now called the Polynesian Triangle. It is bounded by Hawaii to the north, Easter Island to the southeast, and New Zealand to the southwest. As a result of migrations between these islands, the people of Hawaii and New Zealand have common ancestors and speak similar language, which is called Maohi.
The era of European exploration of these places began in 1500. In 1521, Magellan discovered the island of Pukapuka, which is now part of the Tuamotu Atoll, and in 1595 the Spanish navigator Mendana arrived on the island of Fatu Hiva (Marquesas Islands). After 170 years, Samuel Wallis became the discoverer of the island of Tahiti. Wallis named Tahiti after King George III and declared it the property of England. Soon after, the French navigator Bougainville, unaware of Wallis, arrived on the opposite shore of Tahiti and declared the island the property of France.
Since then, rivalry began between Britain and France for ownership of these lands. Since 1847, the islands of Tahiti and Moorea became a colony of France, and before that they were ruled by the Pomare dynasty. In 1957, all the islands of Tahiti were recognized as French territory and became known as French Polynesia. Since 1984, the country acquired autonomy status. Now it is a state with its own government and president, negotiating and concluding international agreements with foreign partners in the field of trade and investment.
Modern Tahitians maintain the heritage and ancient traditions of their Maohi ancestors. Fascinating legends tell about many interesting facts history and culture. For example, throwing darts was the sport of the gods, kings were fond of horse riding, and the strongmen of Aito competed in canoe races.
Tourists often call this island “the island of love.” The Polynesians praised Tahiti as the Land of the Double Rainbow, the Queen of the Pacific. The surface of Tahiti is covered with volcanic mountain peaks, dense forests and green valleys. The peaks of the mountains rise to a height of more than two thousand meters (the highest point is Mount Orohena, 2241 m). Waterfalls throw their jets into cool rivers and streams, and clearings with tropical bright flowers and rice terraces contrast with the golden coast. They say that the water that washes the shores of this island has countless shades.
Marae are open sanctuaries that were centers of power in ancient Polynesia. They are large stone structures and are a kind of temples for the local population.
Among the ancient traditions, the most important event in Tahiti over the past 122 years has been the Hieva festival. Residents of many islands gather in Papeete, the capital of Tahiti, to participate in competitions, including ancient sports and traditional national dances.
Tattoos were first started in Tahiti. In Polynesian culture, tattoos have long been considered a sign of beauty. Even entire ceremonies were performed to reproduce them on the human body.
In ancient times, dancing was associated with all aspects of the lives of the islanders. They danced for any occasion: for joy or to show hospitality to a guest, while invoking the gods or to challenge the enemy, etc. The dances were accompanied by traditional musical instruments, including thunderous drums, clam shells and bow flutes. Contemporary Tahitian music is also very pleasant - combining Polynesian rhythms with Western melodies.
Almost all the islands of Tahiti are surrounded by tropical plants. Hibiscus flowers are worn behind the ear or woven into wreaths. I greet guests with the Tiare flower. Traditionally, married men and married women wear the flower behind their left ear.
Tahiti has an area of 1,045 square kilometers and a population of 169,335, representing 70% of the total population of French Polynesia. The island of Tahiti is shaped like a turtle and is divided into two parts connected by an isthmus: Tahiti Nui (Great Island of Tahiti) and Tahiti Iti ( Small island Tahiti). They were formed by two extinct volcanoes: 3 million years ago - Great Tahiti and half a million years ago - Little Tahiti. They are both surrounded by a lagoon, except for the part of the coast from Mahina to Tiarei. However, there are not many beaches with white sand and palm trees in Tahiti; there are more of them on the islands of Bora Bora, Nuahine or Moorea.
In Tahiti best beaches with white sand are located between the areas of Punahuia and Papara. The most famous beach with black lava sand - Pointe Ve"nus - is located on the east coast. The barrier reefs around Tahiti are cut into 33 straits, the largest strait is near the capital - Papeete.
The majestic mountains of Greater Tahiti - Orohena 2,241 m, Aorai 2,066 m, Diadem 1,321 m and Marau 1,493 m - cut the island into deep valleys with lush vegetation, where part of the local population lives. The valleys are supplied with water by numerous waterfalls that form beautiful natural pools.
The highest mountains of Little Tahiti are Ronui 1,332 m and Meirenui 1,306 m. On the coast of Little Tahiti there are white sand beaches and steep cliffs with caves and rock paintings.
In some places, steep mountain slopes descend directly into the sea, and not everywhere is accessible by car.
In Tahiti you can go diving (mainly in Little Tahiti), surfing, kitesurfing, deep sea fishing, watch sharks and rays feed, go on a tour of canyons and waterfalls, admire the spectacular black volcanic sand beaches in the Papara area ) and on the east coast. Bring plastic sandals with you or buy them locally to avoid injuring your feet on coral or prickly fish while swimming. You can also go horseback riding or go-karting before relaxing and unwinding at the spa facilities.
In Greater Tahiti there is Faa "a airport and the capital - Papeete - the business center and the most populated city Polynesia. All buildings in Papeete are located mainly along the coastline. This is a unique city, 4000 km in circumference, which has everything you need: many banks, hotels, shops, restaurants, bars and discos, as well as the largest market where you can buy all kinds of products and souvenirs. The market is open all week, but the busiest trade is on Sundays, from 5 am, when many traders come from all over Tahiti. The market is located in Papeete's main shopping area, Vaima Centre. In numerous shops and stalls you can buy literally everything, from fruits and flowers to seafood and handicrafts. Behind the Vaima Center stands the Notre-Dame-Papeete Cathedral, built in 1875 and restored in the late 90s.
Shops, as well as offices of many institutions, are open from 8 am to noon and from 13.30 to 17.00 or 17.30. Small shops and stalls are usually open until 10 pm. On Saturdays, large stores close at 11 am.
You can determine the price level in a particular establishment by the dollar signs: an expensive restaurant is indicated by the inscriptions “$$$$”, and an inexpensive budget restaurant - “$”.
In the evening, when most restaurants are already closed, you can eat in the so-called "roulette" - in mobile restaurants in the center of Papeete. Many food trucks gather in one place, with tables and chairs placed nearby. Varied national cuisines They offer their own dishes, which are prepared here.
Many hotels in Papeete host national dance shows and musician performances in the evenings.
On one of the embankments of Papeete there is To"ata Square with a small restaurant, where the most main festival traditional music and dance - Heiva i Tahiti. The festival begins on the third Friday of June and lasts whole month. It features colorful costume parades, musical processions, competitions in traditional sports, exhibitions of local crafts and arts, as well as the Mister and Miss Tahiti competition.
The shopping area of Papeete is a vast area near the coast, built up with shops, benches and stalls. Once upon a time there was a Chinese village on this site. Here you can buy almost everything that it is famous for. French polynesia, from fruits and flowers to seafood and local artisans. In the middle of this area stands the new two-story Papeete Central Market (about 7,000 sq. m. in area). The market building was built in 1987, but it almost completely repeats the architecture of the “old market”, built on this site in 1860.
East of Papeete - old chinese temple Mamao, guarded by two dragons. The road south of the capital goes around the entire island and leads to one of the most beautiful places on the island - the Fautaua Valley. Stretching between the peaks of Mount Aorai and Crown, Fautaua abounds in waterfalls and lush vegetation, and is therefore protected by the state.
Between Papate and Tahiti Iti there is a small garden on the ocean shore. Mataoa Garden is a living history of the island's unique flora. The arrival of man in Tahiti fifteen hundred years ago radically changed the flora and fauna of the islands, which were so remote from any inhabited land that even birds could not reach there. By the time people settled the islands, the flora of the geological period of the dinosaur era had been preserved here. Rare plant species grow in the garden and there is a large collection of orchids. Here, in the boutique, visitors can order a bouquet of exotic flowers, packed for long-term transportation, or gift-wrapped pineapples for their departure, which will be delivered directly to the airport before the plane departs.
The nature of the island of Tahiti is conducive to walking through the mountains and provides opportunities for mountaineering. Picturesque plateaus, dozens of waterfalls, the famous "lava tubes" in Faaruumai and several ruined Polynesian temples... The waters around the island are saturated with coral reefs, which creates excellent conditions for diving. The island of Tahiti is considered the birthplace of surfing, with popular spots being Papenoo, Punaauia and Paea. After a canoe trip or fishing in the open sea, it is good to relax in one of the restaurants on the coast.
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Tahiti consists of two parts, connected by a narrow isthmus. The northern part is the densely populated island of Tahiti Nui (greater Tahiti) and almost deserted south island Tahiti-Iti (small Tahiti). Both parts have an area of 1043 km² and consist of soils of volcanic origin.
Around the island there are coral reefs, interrupted in some places, limiting the lagoon from the open sea. Unlike the comparable volcanic islands of Polynesia, no atoll structure worthy of mention has developed in the neighborhood of Tahiti. There are only a few motu (Tahitian: islands). They are the beginning of a process that, after several thousand years, will lead to the sinking of Tahiti and the formation of a large atoll. Both parts of Tahiti are characterized by a mountainous landscape, formed over centuries from the original volcano. Reaching 2200 meters, the mountains are covered with dense jungle.
Population
Today, about 170 thousand people live in Tahiti, which is 70% of the population of all French Polynesia. Racially, the population of Tahiti is 83% Polynesian, 11% European, 4% Asian and 2% mixed. Until the mid-20th century, fertile lands and an ocean rich in fish provided the island's inhabitants with enough resources to prosper. Relaxed atmosphere of Tahiti and enjoying life local residents impressed European visitors to the island and were reflected in literature and art. However, today the rapidly growing population of Tahiti, especially in the Tapete agglomeration, faces modern problems such as pollution, traffic congestion, crime and slum areas.
Tahitians are citizens of France.
Until today, it has not been possible to determine with certainty the exact date of the settlement of Tahiti. The Tahitian population is known to be descended from settlers from other Polynesian islands such as Tonga and Samoa. The date of settlement is considered to be from 300 BC. e. to 300 AD There is a long list of rulers of Tahiti, starting around 1100. But in reality, in the 18th century, there were six independent possessions on the island, each with its own rulers. In the middle of the 18th century, the Pare region was ruled by the warlike leader Hapai. He died in 1767. His son Pomare, as a result of a long war, managed to subjugate all other possessions and establish his power over the entire island. By the mid-19th century, the possessions of the Pomare dynasty also extended to the island of Moorea, the Leeward Islands in the Society Archipelago and the Tuamotu Islands.
The first European visitors to Tahiti were the Spanish in 1606 under the leadership of the Portuguese Pedro Fernandez de Quiros. However, due to the fact that there was no gold and other precious minerals on the island, it did not attract the interest of aliens. However, it eventually became known as a free love paradise. Naked Tahitian women, who considered the guests to be gods, came out to meet the crews of the ships mooring here. The crews of the ships of Samuel Wallis (1767) and James Cook left not only fair-haired children on the island, but also syphilis and influenza, which killed the natives en masse. The then population was about 200 thousand people, twice as much as today. In 1797 the first missionaries reached the island. The subsequent Christianization almost completely destroyed the indigenous Polynesian culture of the island. Beginning in 1830, English and Catholic French missionaries competed for influence in Tahiti. The expulsion of the latter in 1838 was used by France as a pretext for increased activity on the island.
During the reign of Queen Pomare IV in 1842, Tahiti became a French protectorate, while the monarchy continued to exist under French supremacy. The rebellion of Polynesians against French rule, which broke out in 1842-1847, was brutally suppressed by French troops. In 1880, Tahiti was turned into a French colony. King Pomare V, who inherited the throne from his mother in 1877, signed an agreement with the French on June 29, according to which supremacy over his entire state - the Community Islands, the island groups of Tuamotu and Tubuai - passed to them. A French law issued on December 30 of that year confirmed Tahiti's colonial status as part of French Oceania, later renamed French Polynesia. During World War II, the island served the United States as an outpost in the South Pacific.
In October 2006, an armed rebellion occurred on the island. According to eyewitnesses, rioters seized the presidential palace, the police did not interfere with what was happening. The rebels are protesting against low living standards and high prices.
Economy
Today, Tahiti enjoys the highest standard of living of all states and territories in Oceania. Tourism is a significant economic factor. Although France annually transfers about 1 billion euros to its overseas territory, the island is obliged to pay 200% to 300% duties on all its goods imported into France, which largely neutralizes French aid.
Culture
After years of oppression by Catholic missionaries, Tahitian culture is being revived again. Every year, at the turn of June and July, a heiva, a Polynesian dance performance, is held. This event involves different dance groups competing in traditional Tahitian dances. Over the course of two weeks, dance programs prepared for several months are presented in very lush and creative costumes. Heiva is the largest and most important cultural event in Tahiti. Local media provide detailed coverage of dance events. Various smaller islands, such as Bora Bora, host their own conventions that are somewhat more modest in scale. The artist Paul Gauguin lived and worked in Tahiti, leaving famous paintings with Tahitian motifs. Tahiti is famous for its healing waters. In Russia, the phrase of the cat from the cartoon “The Return of the Prodigal Parrot” became widely known: “Tahiti, Tahiti. We were not in any Tahiti. They feed us well here too.”
At various quizzes and competitions, the question is often asked about who owns the island of Tahiti. And often the answer is bewildered silence. But really – to whom?
A very, very long time ago, back in 1765, the traveler Samuel Wallis saw from aboard a ship a beautiful island that seemed to be floating above the ocean. In the heat of patriotism, he gave the newly discovered island the name of his monarch, George III, and proclaimed new land His Majesty's property.
Almost at the same time, the traveler-navigator, Louis-Antoine de Bougainville, on April 6, 1768, on the frigate La Boudeuse, arrived on the white-foamed island from the opposite side. And he also declared it property, only French.
The rivalry for possession of the beautiful island lasted for a long time and ended with the victory of France. Since 1957, the islands of Tahiti belong to France and are called French Polynesia. However, in 1984, France gave Tahiti autonomy and is now a state that has its own president and government.
The islands of Tahiti are inscribed in a kind of triangle, bounded in the southwest by New Zealand, in the southeast by the mysterious Easter Island, and in the north by popular Hawaii.
Tahiti itself consists of Little and Great Tahiti, which are connected by a narrow strip of land. The area they occupy is 1043 square kilometers and it is the largest island of the entire archipelago.
The capital of the island has long been the city of Papeete, located on the coast. It's pretty modern city with busy streets, lots of banks, shops and restaurants.
More than 100,000 people live in Tahiti and this is seventy percent of all French Polynesia. These are mainly Polynesians, almost 83% of the population, but there are also Europeans (11%), and 4% Asians. Two percent of the population are the so-called “demis” - people of mixed origin.
Tahiti has always been famous for its wonderful climate and beautiful beaches. Small islands in sparkling shell beaches, emerald water turning into blue skies on the horizon, mountain peaks buried in jungle as thick as bear fur (by the way, the highest Mountain peak Tahiti rises 2240 meters above the ocean). The clear salty air, saturated with the aroma of flowers and the sky the color of a jay's wing are simply intoxicating! On the. There are practically no animals dangerous to people in Tahiti. Therefore, all this beauty, coupled with the friendly and smiling inhabitants of the islands, nowadays attracts crowds of tourists to Tahiti.
At various quizzes and competitions are often asked about who owns the island of Tahiti. And often in response puzzled silence. And really - who?
Very, very long time ago, in 1765 explorer Samuel Wallis saw from the ship beautiful like soaring over the ocean island. In the heat of patriotism, he gave the name of his island svezheotkrytomu Monarch - George III and proclaimed a new land property of His Majesty.
Almost at the same time, the traveler - explorer Louis-Antoine de Bougainville, the sixth in April 1768 on the frigate La Boudeuse, Blanker arrived at the island on the opposite side of it. And he also declared his property, only French.
The rivalry for the possession of a beautiful island lasted a long time and ended with the victory of France. Since 1957 the island of Tahiti belongs to France and referred to French Polynesia. However, in 1984, France gave Tahiti autonomy and now it is a state that has its own president and government.
Tahiti written in a kind of triangle, bounded on the south-west of New Zealand, in the south-east of the mysterious Easter Island and the north of the popular Hawaii.
Directly Tahiti consists of Small and Big Tahiti, which are connected a narrow strip of land. The area they occupy 1043 square kilometers and is the largest island of the archipelago.
The capital city has long been a core Papeete, located coast. This is a fairly modern city with lively streets, the mass of banks, shops and restaurants.
In Tahiti live more than 100,000 people and is seventy percent of all of French Polynesia. This is mainly Polynesians, almost 83% of the population, but there are Europeans (11%), and 4% Asian. Two percent of the population are so-called "Demis" - people of mixed origin.
Tahiti has always been famous for the wonderful climate and beautiful beaches. Small islands in the glittering shell beaches, emerald water, turning on the horizon under a blue sky, mountain peaks, buried in the thick jungle like a bear fur (by the way, is the highest mountain in Tahiti rising over the ocean at 2240 meters ). Clear salty air filled with the scent of flowers and the sky-colored wing jay - just intoxicating! On. Tahiti is almost no danger to people's animals. Therefore, all this beauty, combined with the friendly and smiling residents of the islands, in our time in Tahiti attracts crowds of tourists.
At various quizzes and competitions, questions are often asked about those who belong to the island of Taiti. I often have a healthy relationship. And it’s effective - for whom?
Already, long ago, back in 1765, the mandarin master Samuel Wallis, having flown from the side of a beautiful ship, widens the sky above the ocean of the island. The ignition of patriotism began by giving the island its own monarch, George III, and voting the new land under the rule of his Majesty.
At the same time, the sailor Louis-Antoine de Bougainvillea arrived on the frigate La Boudeuse in the sixth quarter of 1768, arriving on the white island from his side. I also voiced my authority, only the French.
The battle for the beautiful island of Volodin lasted for a long time and ended with the defeat of France. Since 1957, the island of Taiti belongs to France and is called French Polynesia. However, in 1984, France gave Taiti autonomy and is now a power, which has a powerful president and government.
The Thayti Islands are included in a triangular region, surrounded at last by New Zealand, at last by the mysterious Easter Island, and at last by the popular Hawaii.
Absolutely Taiti consists of the Small and the Great Taiti, which are formed by a narrow compact land. The area they occupy is 1043 square kilometers and is the largest island in the entire archipelago.
The capital of the island has long been the place of Papeete, which has been preserved. This is a great place with lively streets, a lot of banks, shops and restaurants.
More than 100,000 people and seventy-hundreds of the entire French Polynesia live in Taiti. Mostly Polynesians, about 83% of the population, and also Europeans (11%), and 4% Asians. Two hundred percent of the population became so called “demis” - these are people of mixed affinities.
Taiti was once famous for its wonderful climate and beautiful beaches. Small islands in sparkling turtle beaches, emerald water, which crosses the horizon into the dark sky, Girsky peaks, which you can drown in the dense jungle like a hard one (before the river, the most famous peak of Girsky rises above the ocean at 2240 meters iv). The serene salty wind, the seeping aroma of fruits and the sky, the color of the winged jays - just smell! On. There are creatures that are practically every day dangerous for people. Therefore, all this beauty, bought from the kind and smiling inhabitants of the islands, is now turning to Ta These are the same crowd of tourists.
Mysterious and indescribably beautiful, Tahiti is considered one of the most beautiful islands in the world. Although it is not a separate state, due to its identity and culture it is perceived as such.
Today Tahiti is one of the most popular holiday destinations on the Pacific coast.
origin of name
Tahiti did not acquire its current name right away. Its discoverer, Englishman Samuel Wallis, named the island after King George III. This happened back in 1776, when a ship with travelers from Europe landed on the shores of this paradise. However, this toponym was not popular and did not take root either among the local population or among the newly arrived colonialists. Within a couple of decades, the island began to be called “Tahiti.” This name comes from the Polynesian word “otaiti”, which is translated into Russian as “island”.
Geographical location
Tahiti is part of the group of so-called Community Islands. This term refers to a group of islands that form an archipelago. Tahiti is the largest island in this group. It consists of two parts, which are connected by a thin isthmus.
The total area of the island is 1042 sq. km. Most of Tahiti's territory is occupied by mountain ranges and peaks covered with jungle. There are also many beaches here, both with the usual white sand and with a local curiosity - black sand (Pointe Venus beach).
Climate
Tahiti attracts tourists not only because of its huge number of beaches, but also because of its warm weather. The average annual temperature in these parts is 26 degrees. The climate of Tahiti is maritime equatorial. November to May are hotter and wetter, while June to October are drier and cooler. At the same time, the thermometer almost never drops below +20 °C.
Population
In 2007, the number of residents of Tahiti was more than 178 thousand. At the moment, this figure is rapidly increasing. About 80% of the island's inhabitants are Polynesians. There are also a lot of French (10%) and Asians (12%) here.
Distinctive feature Tahiti's population is due to its young age. More than 40% of the residents are people who are not yet 20 years old.
State-political structure
Tahiti is an administrative unit of the Windward Islands. The territory of Tahiti itself consists of twelve communes.
The Windward Islands, including Tahiti, are part of French Polynesia. This toponym designates a constituent part of France, which is why the administrative reins of government were given to the French commissariat. There are also separate local authorities: the territorial assembly and the council of ministers.
The largest cities of Tahiti are Faa, Punaauia and Papaete, which also serves as the capital. Tahiti is considered the most economically developed compared to other state-owned settlements in Oceania. The main source of income is tourism, which annually brings in profits of more than 1 million euros.
Currency
The official currency on the island of Tahiti, as well as throughout French Polynesia, is the Pacific franc, which is regulated by the French bank. One Pacific franc equals approximately 0.119 euros. Also, in stores you can often pay in American dollars and euros. Almost all retail outlets offer the opportunity to use an international credit card.
Traditions and religion
Since Tahiti has maintained an authentic population, there are many interesting and varied traditions. One of the most famous and popular Tahitian customs is the Polynesian dance performance called heiva. It takes place in the middle of summer and brings together a huge number of dance groups that compete among themselves in various categories. Heiva is considered one of the most important cultural events of the year and attracts both the local population and tourists. In addition, in Tahiti there is the opportunity to have fun at the local carnival, which takes place in October, or take part in a sailing regatta, which is held in May.
In Tahiti you can also visit many original and memorable museums. One of the most popular is the Paul Gauguin Museum. At one time, the artist spent many days on the island and even created a special Tahitian cycle of paintings, most of which can be seen in the indicated museum.
Most Tahitians have a high level of religiosity. About half of the believers are Protestants. There are also many Catholics in Tahiti, about 6% are Mormons. Various primitive beliefs of the indigenous tribes have also been preserved in these areas. Traditional customs of these religions can often be seen during ritual events: marriages, funerals.
National cuisine
The national cuisine of Tahiti is striking in its diversity. In addition to Polynesian dishes, French and Italian cuisines are traditionally popular here. Since the island is in perpetual summer, this contributes to the abundance of fresh fruits and vegetables that are used in cooking. Tahitian cuisine also includes many fish dishes, original soft drinks, and exotic desserts.
One of the most popular dishes in Tahiti is a snack called ia ota. It is prepared from fresh fish and vegetables. It is noteworthy that heat treatment is not used in the preparation of this dish. All components are soaked in lemon juice, spices and aromatic coconut milk and served completely raw.
Among low-alcohol drinks in Tahiti, Hinano beer is in great demand, which is a kind of national pride here. Almost everywhere they also prepare cocktails from fresh fruits with ice. This drink is the best choice for those who relax on the beach under the gentle Tahitian sun.