The images are the sights of different cities. Great Wall of China, China. Sagrada Familia. Barcelona. Spain.

The Hagia Sophia Basilica is a majestic architectural landmark in the center of Istanbul, with its four minarets resembling rockets ready to blast off to the moon. Its enormous structure was built in just five years, and its musky walls are covered by an impressive dome, 31 meters wide and 56 meters high. The base of the dome is surrounded by windows, so that from within the structure the dome appears to almost float above the building.

Architects in ancient Egypt were people who had great dreams of pharaohs. They had many workers around them, such as scribes and people who measured sites. Any type of construction involved a lot of logistics and planning, which until now have been approached by major Egyptologists.

The most common architecture in ancient Egypt were temples. They had decorations inspired by the Egyptian landscape. The entrance to temples was usually made along paths that contained sphinxes on both sides. Temples were huge and usually supported by columns. But without a doubt, the most beautiful and impressive architectural works of the pharaonic period were the pyramids. The sixth pyramid was a masterpiece designed by ancient Egypt's most famous architect; Imhotep to Pharaoh Djoser in the Third Dynasty.

Before Imhotep, the resting place of the pharaohs was mastabas. Pyramid of Jozer at Saqqara. The pyramid that Imhotep set foot in Saqqara - Personal collection. Pyramids of the Giza complex - Personal collection. Great Pyramid- Personal collection. Pyramid of Khefre - Personal collection. Egyptian sphinxes were also a beautiful architectural form. Typically, there were several sphinxes on both sides of the road, which gave access to the temples. The most common sphinxes were statues with a lion's body and a human head.

Find out more about sphinxes. The Great Sphinx in the Giza complex - Personal collection. The Great Sphinx of the Giza complex. Obelisks were other forms of Egyptian architecture. They were shaped like columns with smooth sides, and at the tip its shape was triangular. Its main function was religious in nature and served the Egyptians in honor of the gods.

Obelisk in the Temple of Luxor - Personal collection. Obelisk in the Temple of Karnak - Personal collection. Unfinished obelisk in Aswan - Personal collection. Ancient Egypt preserved other architectural forms such as temple entrances, which were true works of art or rooms supported by several columns, commonly known as hypostyle, which were part of temple complexes.

A superb discovery at the Temple of Medina Habu - Personal Collection. Want more books on this topic? Articles, theses and articles about ancient Egypt? London: Andromeda Oxford Limited. Oxford: Oxford University Press. They say that Brasilia is the only city where it is not a sin to take a bus devoid of reading material. The "city without corners" houses monuments with features beyond imagination, but most of population is limited by the beauty and grandeur of modern delusions. Few see the meanings they carry.

Fifty-five years ago, work began on an ambitious project: to once again translate the Brazilian capital. After two coastal cities, it was intended to internalize the country, but this time it moved to a city that did not yet exist. The promise of creating a metropolis in the desert region gained the authority of then-President Juscelino Kubitschek.

Contrary to the expectations of the most skeptical, five years later Brasilia was discovered by the “crazy”. Based on the Cartesian plan, where all the city's addresses are developed according to their mathematical logic, the so-called "pilot plan" contains streets, avenues, parks, commercial sectors and superquadras, which in turn will contain or buildings. No corners and organization by numbers. may seem complicated at first glance, but it already seems familiar to all residents.

Free spans and the insertion of huge green areas between buildings use the "park city" concept. The youngest city to become a cultural heritage of humanity is the result of great courage, perseverance and manpower. Comments on this article are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not represent the views of the author of the article on this issue.

How different styles and designs of urbanism built the visual image of the city we know today. “Nothing more than fences and thatched houses.” The capital of Brazil for almost two centuries, Rio will become a repository of examples of architecture from several periods.

There are a series of works in Rio that marked the history of architecture. For example, no historical region concentrated colonial architecture. But there are several different moments in the story, which is rare in other cities. Collection so rich cultural heritage turned out to be a serious problem for the history of Rio. During different periods of the city's urbanization, real estate speculation and economic interests interfered with the balance between the preservation of architectural monuments and the growth of construction projects.

The overthrow of Morro makes Castelo controversial. Buildings that existed in Rio's original constitution were destroyed. They were fundamental elements to understand the history of the city. Then Governor General Mem de Sa, transferred the occupation to his nephew Esquio, killed in battle, strategically safer, higher and further. On the hill, the buildings followed the tradition of medieval Portuguese cities.

It connected the hills where there were Jesuit buildings in the castle, and the Benedictines in Saint Bento, which still exist today. The facades, simple, contrast with the rich baroque interiors with details in gilded carvings. This place would have been a good part of the city's history at that time. The important port will be saved as dock access. But then Largo do Paço will also receive the final engineering works of the Viceroy of Dom Luis de Vasconça y Sousa, inspired by Rossio's Lisbon.

Water was as important as trains and trams in the development of the city. Without water, everyone became tense. They are 18 meters high and 270 meters long. To the north were the hills of São Bento and Conceição, and to the south were the hills of Castelo and Santo Antonio. The limitation was also architectural: in the houses, the abode of Portuguese women of the time could be seen through the mulyarabi lattice, which allowed the ladies, locked inside, to observe the street and at the same time be cooled by the wind outside.

But all this would change with the coming of the Kingdom. When the Portuguese came they were surprised, thinking it was "Moorish". All these people, homeless, needed housing. This is where the role of the Real Pensioner comes in, who designates the residences that the Brazilians must vacate to make way for the Portuguese arrivals. The Regency Prince himself had no home to call it.

Ilia soon stepped forward to deliver the place to the House of Joao and thus gain the favor of the Portuguese ruler. The house will be renovated by English architect John Johnston and will take on a neoclassical style based on the unfinished work of Paso d'Ajuda in Lisbon.

In addition to the important structures erected by the Royal Family, the most significant contribution that the court made to the architecture of the era was the establishment of a formal style. Neoclassical architecture will gain greater strength in Brazil, coming from Europe. Gradually, neoclassical architecture will change the face of the city. It is not spontaneous, like colonial, which is almost artisanal. The Imperial Academy of Fine Arts would be the first school of architecture in Brazil and would operate in a building designed by Grandein de Montigny.

The neoclassical portal of the Priora survives at the end of the imperial palm grove Botanical Garden. The city plan will also change radically. Carlota Joaquina. Professor Kamita explains that the growth of the city's occupation can be read according to the architectural moment of each premier. Occupation is a kind of map that you can read in the city while crossing the surrounding area to understand different times. But the elite did not want to go there, they went to the other side, where they chose Carlota Joaquin, which was a seaside resort, the beaches of the South.

It was Imperial and was soon abandoned and became an industrial area. The term eclectic, as its name suggests, refers to the free selection of architectural elements from different origins and periods of the past, which together give rise to a new style. Renaissance abbey, Gothic warhead, Roman columns combine to create an effect of grandeur and opulence.

Engineer for training, the mayor combined the reform of the city center and the sanitary reform led by Osvaldo Cruz. The Museum of Modern Art is one of the most famous works of the architect Affonso Eduardo Reidi. The architectural style of the era itself would also follow the trend of transformation, with the advent of modernism, a movement that would strongly combat eclecticism.

Here in Rio there are works of exemplary modern architecture. The Brazilians were advised by the French-Swiss Le Corbusier, who left traces of his “Five Points for New Architecture” in construction: a building on pilotism, a garden terrace, a factory and a facade without structures and windows on a tape, Covering the entire facade.

These elements sought to build relationships between gardens, architecture and the surrounding landscape. The project was part of a series of urban transformations led by Carlos Lacerda, Britto said. In the Lacerda government, he does a lot of work on the water supply of the Guangdu system. And above all, he created Flamengo Aterro, which is one of the most extraordinary works of a city park and seaside.

A rare case in the world, of a grandiose degree. Lota Macedo Soares, a self-taught architect and landscape designer, created a multidisciplinary team, consisting of names such as Reidy and Burle Marx, to create a park that would combine the landscapes of Rio with the best recreational conditions for residents.