Livadia photographs. The village of Livadia in Crimea: a wonderful resort near Yalta. The Livadia estate becomes the residence of the Russian tsars

Amazing and interesting Crimean land! In Crimea, each village has its own climate, and the weather changes every hour. Because, despite the small size of the peninsula, there are mountains and steppes, beaches and cliffs. Crimea has long been famous for its historical sights: rock-cut temples and monasteries, Taurus burial grounds, ancient and cave cities, Scythian mounds. One of the wonderful rest stops on your way can be Livadia hotels.

In the valley of two mountain rivers, on the southern coast of the Crimean Peninsula, lies the popular resort of Yalta. The city on land is surrounded by a semi-ring of mountains reaching 1437 meters. The unique climate of the Greater Yalta region has attracted people here for many centuries. And since then, numerous monuments and attractions of Yalta have been preserved.

Livadia Palace is the summer residence of the Russian Emperor Nicholas II, the last in the history of Russia, in the town of Livadia. For many, it is unthinkable without visiting this iconic landmark of the peninsula. This beautiful monument of architectural art begins its history in 1834, when Pole Lev Potocki bought Livadia. And a palace is being erected according to the design of K. I. Eshliman, and around the gardener Delinger is laying out a park on 40 acres of land.

Empress Maria Alexandrovna, wife of Alexander II, acquired the estate in 1860. The palace and vineyards are being rebuilt right away. Also, for the heir and future Emperor Alexander III, a Small Palace is being built according to the design of I. L. Monighetti, which in every way resembles the one in Bakhchisarai.

In 1891, Tsar Nicholas II received all this as a summer “dacha”. The two old palaces no longer met the needs of the royal family, and in 1904 it was decided to demolish and build a new palace. N.P. Krasnov developed the design of the palace, and its construction began in 1910. The building is being built quickly and on a grand scale: 2,500 workers worked for 17 months around the clock, and the walls are made of white Inkerman stone. The interior decoration was made in Moscow and many other art centers of the country according to Krasnov’s sketches. And by 1911, the new Grand Palace was already proudly rising, at the same time with which the Forentine courtyard, the retinue building, the palace church, and the palace of the minister of the court were built. The entire palace complex is successfully integrated into the surrounding landscape: the sides are most open to the sun.

• 1925 - becomes a Soviet sanatorium;
• 1931 - climatic treatment plant;
• 1945 - the Crimean Conference of the heads of the three coalition governments was held;
• 1953 - again a trade union sanatorium;
• 1974 - becomes a museum with memorial and art departments.

Near Livadia in the village of Oreanda you can see the church architecture presented

The white beauty of stone, the Romanovs and the echo of previous eras.

The Livadia Palace (or rather, the Grand Palace of the Livadia Palace and Park Ensemble) is located in Crimea, on the Black Sea coast in the village of Livadia near Yalta. Built at the end of the 19th century in the Italian Renaissance style and surrounded by an amazingly beautiful terraced park, the palace originally served the Russian imperial family as a southern residence. After the revolution, a sanatorium was opened here, which closed with the advent of World War II. It was here that the famous Yalta Allied Conference was held in 1945 with the participation of Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill. After the war, the palace again became a medical and preventive institution and received vacationers until 1974, when a museum was opened on its base, which is still in operation today.

The history of the Livadia palace and park ensemble began back in 1834, when Count Lev Pototsky bought Livadia and built a manor house here and laid the foundation for a landscape park. Almost 30 years later, the estate became the summer residence of Emperor Alexander II and his family, as a result of which the manor house was expanded, turning into the Grand Palace, and the Livadia ensemble was supplemented with several buildings, including the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross. In 1910, the original Grand Palace was dismantled, and in its place, according to the design of the architect N.P. Krasnov, the current building appeared a year later, retaining the name of its predecessor. This palace was the last building erected in the Russian Empire for the Romanov family.

Inside, the palace carefully preserves the memory of two bygone eras: the time of decline of the Russian Empire and the period of the Yalta Conference. And if the guides talk about the second professionally, then they talk about the first with true love in their hearts and sadness in their voices. Never before have I met museum staff so in love with those to whom this museum is dedicated. They especially talk about the Romanovs here, and after visiting you want to believe more than ever that the royal family was exactly as they described it.
In the numerous rooms of the palace there are many miraculously preserved objects and elements that create a unique atmosphere. At some point you forget that you are in a museum, and it seems that a window into the past has opened, allowing you to see your former life as it is. It seems that the inhabitants of these rich, tastefully furnished rooms have simply gone out to dine, and one must hurry to have time to see everything before they return. And what views open from almost every window! It is not surprising that American President Roosevelt was so fascinated by Livadia that he mentioned his desire to live here after the expiration of his presidential term.
One of the bright corners of the palace is the Arabian courtyard with its fountain and ceramic tiles with oriental patterns on the walls. But the heart of the palace is considered to be the no less picturesque Italian courtyard with roses and evergreens planted in it. If you look closely, you can easily recognize this “actor” in films such as “Dog in the Manger”, “Pious Martha”, “Return of the Resident” and others, and the palace and park itself are easily recognizable in “The Prisoner of the Chateau d'If”, " We met somewhere", "Several Love Stories" and even one Jackie Chan film :)
The following are photos without comments.

Livadia is a resort town 3 km west of Yalta, located on the slope of Mount Mogabi. The village is famous for its white-stone palace with a park that previously belonged to the royal family, and clean, well-equipped beaches. Suitable for those who prefer a relaxing holiday surrounded by subtropical nature and classical architecture.

Helpful information:
Population: 1,074 people
Phone code: 380-654
Total area: 1.61 km²

Photos of Livadia:

History - how Livadia became infected

The history of the village is long and eventful; it can be divided into 6 main stages.

1. Ancient settlements (III-I thousand years BC).
2. Medieval castles (VIII-XV centuries). Evidence of this era are the remains of a large pottery production and the ruins of castle walls, which can be seen in Oreanda.
3. The settlement of the Greeks Ai-Yan (St. John) in the 18th century.
4. After Russia's victory in the Crimean War, Greek settlers were moved to the Sea of ​​Azov region, and their lands were distributed to the Greeks who served in the Balaklava battalion. The best plots were bought by Colonel Reveliotis, who in 1934 sold them to the Polish Count Potocki. The count built an estate here, planted a vineyard on 20 hectares and founded a wine production. On 44 hectares, under the leadership of gardener Delinger, a landscape park was created with valuable trees, statues and fountains, an orchard and a greenhouse. A water supply system was installed from the mountain springs above.
5. In 1860, Emperor Alexander II bought Potocki's estate. Since then, Livadia has become a permanent vacation spot for Russian emperors, and the entire Yalta coast has turned into an aristocratic resort. Pototsky's house was rebuilt into a palace, the Small Palace, houses for courtiers, servants and workers were built. The water supply system was updated, a dairy farm was built, the area of ​​the gardens was increased, new greenhouses and greenhouses were built, and a vegetable garden was created. Under Nicholas II, the Grand Palace was rebuilt, the Page (Svitsky) building, a power plant, a winter theater, and an ice factory were erected.
6. During the civil war, Livadia was occupied by German troops, who plundered the property of the palaces. In 1920, the royal estate was nationalized, and a state farm for wine production was created on its territory. In 1925, the first sanatorium for peasants with 300 beds was opened here, then new buildings with 1,600 beds were built. During the war years, when the village was under German occupation, all the sanatoriums and almost the entire palace complex were destroyed. Only the Grand Palace has survived, where the Yalta Conference took place in February 1945. After the war, the sanatoriums were rebuilt.

Village infrastructure

The village is conveniently located on the Yalta - Sevastopol highway, with shuttle buses passing through it. A little over 1000 people live here permanently. There is a kindergarten, a school, and a boarding school. The resort is part of Greater Yalta. The city hospital is located in the vicinity of Livadia. There is a post office, telegraph, telephone office, bank, shops, bars, restaurants.

Video review:

Climate - temperature regime of water and air

The mountains protect the resort from cold northern winds, and the sea softens the frosts. It has a Mediterranean climate with humid, warm winters and dry, hot summers.

Note:
The average annual temperature is 13°C.
Average January temperature 4.4°C
The number of frosty days throughout the winter is no more than 10

The sea is available for swimming from May to October. Thanks to the warm climate, something blooms here all year round.

Interesting places - attractions

The village is interesting for its palace and park complex.

Livadia Palace - erected in 1911 from white Inkerman stone in the Renaissance style, which is emphasized by internal courtyards - Italian with a marble fountain and Arabic, designed as a light well.

Livadia Park is a huge landscape park, occupying about 50 hectares, with elements of a regular style. In addition to local vegetation - pines, oak, beech, dogwood, yew, juniper - it also contains exotic plants: sequoia, Himalayan and Lebanese cedars, rare species of pine, magnolia, cypress, fan palm, wisteria.

The Church of the Exaltation of the Cross is the home church of the Russian emperors, built by the architect Monighetti in the Byzantine style with elements inherent in Georgian churches.

The Tsar's (sunny, horizontal) trail was laid back in 1861 in such a way that it does not contain sharp ascents and descents. The 6,711 m long road starts near the palace, passes through the rotunda pavilion with white columns in Oreanda, from which you can admire the panoramic view of the coast, and reaches Gaspra. This trail is ideal for walking for pulmonary patients, since the air in these places combines the smells of the sea, pine trees and other medicinal plants growing on the mountain slopes. A mixture of natural aromas cleanses the lungs and restores the functions of the respiratory system.

Organ Hall - in the building of the former Tsarist power plant there is a center for organ music with the largest organ in the country with more than 4,600 pipes. Every year the international festival Livadia Fest is held here.

Wine tourism - the Livadia state farm-factory, created on the basis of Golitsyn wineries, is part of the Massandra association. You can taste the best wines of Crimea in the Italian courtyard of the Livadia Palace.

Dolmens - on Mount Ai-Nikola there is an ancient Taurus burial ground with 20 stone boxes without lids dug into the ground.

Livadia beaches - review

Most of the beaches are narrow pebble, separated by breakwaters, many belong to sanatoriums. The water is clean. The depth of the bottom increases sharply, so it is not very comfortable or safe to relax here with babies. Since the height of the village above sea level is 141 m, the descent to the beaches is quite long (15-20 minutes) and steep. But you can use paid sanatorium elevators.

Dolphin Beach is a medium-pebble beach 250 m long with free entry, free Wi-Fi and changing rooms. On the beach there are paid areas for increased comfort, toilets, showers, rental of umbrellas and sun loungers.

Livadia Beach is a free, small-pebble beach with a gentle entrance to the water. You can go down to it along a path from the park or by a paid elevator. On the beach there are sunbeds, awnings, changing rooms, a first-aid post, a cafe, and a boat station.

How to look for housing - accommodation features

Here you can find accommodation of different levels of comfort and prices: relax and receive treatment in the Livadia or Chernomorye sanatoriums, stay in hotels or in the private sector. Prices are similar to those in Yalta and even a little higher.

How to get to the village?

The starting point of most tourists coming to Crimea is the city of Simferopol. You can get to Livadia only with a transfer in Yalta, which is reached by regular bus and trolleybus No. 55 from the Simferopol railway station. At the Yalta bus station you need to change to minibus No. 11, 100, 102, 107 and get off in Livadia. Minibus number 11 stops closest to the palace.

To get here by car or bicycle, you need to overcome 88 km of the picturesque route Simferopol - Yalta - Sevastopol.

Livadia on the map of Crimea

GPS Coordinates: 44°28’31″N 34°08’35″E Latitude/Longitude

For two centuries now it has been considered one of the most luxurious resorts on the entire Black Sea coast. It is no coincidence that at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century he was chosen to build a summer residence for the Russian emperors. The famous Livadia Palace in Crimea is a masterpiece of Russian architecture and the main attraction of the southern coast of Crimea. It is located three kilometers from the resort town of Yalta. Every year, thousands of tourists from all over the world come here not only to relax on the luxurious beaches of the peninsula, but also to visit its unique attractions, the main of which is the magnificent Livadia Palace. In Crimea, of course, there are other historical monuments that are of interest to guests of the peninsula, but this imperial residence is the most visited, and the flow of tourists wanting to visit here never dries up.

History of Livadia

Once upon a time, the area where the majestic Livadia Palace now stands (the photo can be seen in the article) was called Panas Chair, which translates from Tatar as “sacred meadow”. After it fell to Russia as a result of the Russo-Turkish War, its southern coast was liberated from local residents and handed over to the rank and file of the legendary Greek battalion. Colonel of the Russian army Lambro Cachoni (Greek by origin), the national hero of Greece, liked these regions so much that he bought up the plots they had inherited from his compatriots. Having settled in Crimea, he named this area in honor of his hometown - Livadia. Later this estate passed into the hands of another Greek officer, F. Reveliottis, who, in turn, sold it to the Polish aristocrat Count Lev Potocki.

The Livadia estate becomes the residence of the Russian tsars

In the 60s of the 19th century, the peninsula was chosen by the Russian nobility. Summer residences for Russian aristocratic families began to be built here. In 1862, Count Potocki received an offer to sell his estate to the Russian imperial family and, naturally, agreed. Over four years, on the territory of the estate, under the leadership of the Italian architect Monighetti, the main and small (oriental style) royal palaces, separate houses for the imperial retinue and servants, two churches were built, a water supply system was established, etc. In subsequent years, the infrastructure of the estate developed with incredible speed: a school and a hospital were opened, a dairy farm and greenhouses were created, various fruit trees were planted, extensive vegetable gardens were established, etc.

During the reign of Alexander III, unauthorized persons were prohibited from entering the territory of Livadia, and free passage between Yalta and Sevastopol was also closed. In 1911, under Nicholas II, construction of the Grand Palace began here, and the entire technical part of the estate was reconstructed in a modern way, and a power station was built.

At the end of January 1918, Soviet power was established in Crimea, but after 4 months Livadia was occupied by German units. As a result of this, the palace was looted and damaged. In November of the same year, the Germans were expelled by Entente troops and White Guards. Exactly 2 years later, power was finally established on the peninsula and the estate was nationalized, and the Livadia state farm arose on its territory. Soon a peasant sanatorium with 300 beds was built here.

Livadia during the Second World War

During the Second World War, Livadia was again occupied by German troops. The sanatorium was completely destroyed, the Small Palace was also badly damaged, but the Grand Palace remained virtually untouched, and in February 1945, a meeting of the heads of the three great powers took place here: the USSR, Great Britain and the USA.

After the end of the war, it took 10 years to restore the Palace and its surroundings, after which the Livadia Palace in Crimea became open for excursions. Since then, this estate has become the main attraction of the entire southern

Location

Naturally, the first thing that interests tourists who want to visit the Livadia Palace is how to get there? Well, firstly, to get to Livadia, you need to go to the Crimean peninsula. This can be done by air, sea or road transport. By the way, the only airport on the Crimean peninsula is in the city of Simferopol. From there you can get to the resort of Yalta by taxi or bus. Here you can stay either in a pre-booked hotel, or rent accommodation in the private sector, take a break from the road, and then go on an excursion to the Livadia Palace, the address of which is: Livadia village, st. Baturina, 44-a. You can get there from Yalta by pleasure boat or regular bus.

We would advise you to choose the sea route. It will be both faster and more interesting. The Livadia Palace on the map can be found in the immediate vicinity of Yalta, and its GPS coordinates: N 44 28.087, E 34 8.598.

Excursion program

In the early 90s of the last century, the Livadia Palace in Crimea received the status of a historical and art museum. However, in addition to the excursion area, on the territory of the palace there is a sanatorium for cardiac patients, as well as a wonderful botanical garden - the most beautiful place for walks on the entire coast. Tourists seeking to visit the palace are primarily attracted by the opportunity to get acquainted with the living conditions of the royal family (exhibition “The Romanovs and Livadia”), as well as to visit the place where the outcome of the Second World War was decided in 1945. By the way, meetings and summits at the highest level are still held in the White Hall of the palace.

general description

The magnificent Grand Palace was built in classic Italian style, and its heart is the Italian courtyard with chic rose bushes and evergreen tropical plants planted on it. In addition to this majestic snow-white structure, the palace and park ensemble includes the Corps of Pages, the Palace of Baron Fredericks, the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, several picturesque gazebos, rotundas, fountains, etc.

Description of the interior

Each hall, any of the rooms, all the numerous passages and exits - everything is decorated with amazingly fine taste. Despite all the luxury, the richness of interior decoration and furniture, nothing here looks pretentious. In the palace you can find a mixture of different styles - from ancient to modern, characteristic of the era of the reign of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II. For example, one of the main rooms of the palace is a luxurious dining room, decorated in ancient Roman style, with stucco walls and ceilings, and next to it there is a strictly decorated English billiard room or an imperial office “a la Jacob”.

The palace has a total of 116 separate furnished rooms, many terraces, balconies, towers, galleries with numerous columns, etc. In addition to the courtyard, there are three more lighted courtyards in Arabic and Italian style. The palace is also decorated with numerous sculptures, paintings and other lovely and expensive trinkets, which gives the interior a special royal chic.

The imperial summer residence was so convenient and comfortable in its structure that the royal family often did not want to leave here. Plus, the fresh sea air was perfect for the empress, who suffered from lung disease.

Conclusion

It is simply impossible to visit the Crimean peninsula and not visit the Livadia Palace. The palace and park ensemble is ready to receive visitors every day, seven days a week, from 10.00 to 19.00.