Dresden Castle Residence is the centuries-old possession of the Wettins. Dresden Castle-Palace Dresden Residence

"(Green Vaults), Numismatic Cabinet (German. Munzkabinett), Engraving Cabinet (German) Kupferstich-Kabinett), In addition, various thematic exhibitions are held, which display works of art by both old and modern masters.

Story

Middle Ages

Scientists agree that fortification in Dresden, on the site of the current castle, should have existed by the end of the 12th century. This is also indicated by the person who was in prison at that time. close proximity a wooden bridge across the Elbe, and the fact that it was in Dresden in 1206 that a large “meeting” of the Saxon nobility took place, led by the Meissen margrave Dietrich. The first written mention of the presence of a fortress in Dresden dates back to 1289. "Castrum" by this time was already located near the stone bridge over the Elbe. No drawings or drawings of that time have survived, and scientists suggest that it was originally a Romanesque style fortress. The inner courtyard of the fortress measured approximately 35 by 40 meters, on the site of the modern “Watchtower” (German. Hausmannsturm), now located in the middle of the northern wing of the castle, was at that time the northwestern corner tower of a relatively small medieval fortress. The inner part of the tower up to the height of the consoles, which has not been subjected to either destruction or reconstruction over the centuries, has been preserved at least since the mid-15th century, and possibly since the end of the 12th century. In the middle of the 15th century. the tower was built on, the existing square one was continued by a hexagonal structure ending in an almost flat roof. As a result of reconstructions of the 15th century, the Dresden Fortress takes on the appearance of a four-sided, three-story castle of the Italian “model”, widespread in Germany in the Late Middle Ages.

Renaissance castle

Further reconstruction of the castle was actively carried out in 1530-58. under Duke George the Bearded and his nephew, the Saxon Elector Moritz. Under George, the “Elbe Gate” of the city fortification, located almost on the bridge over the Elbe, was rebuilt and, having acquired a majestic appearance, went down in history as the “George Gate”. Moritz, under whom Dresden became the residence of the Saxon electors, in 1548 entrusted the architects Hans von Den Rotfelsen and Bastian and Hans Kramer with the reconstruction of the castle in the Renaissance style. To expand the castle, the western wing was demolished, and the new building, now called Moritzbau (German). Moritzbau), was erected in 1558 even further. Additionally, the southern and northern wings had to be completed in order to have a closed courtyard. On the ground floor of the western flugel there was a “secret vault”, which later became the famous Grunes Gewölbe museum. Initially, the “storage”, protected by meter-high walls, simply served to store treasures, money and valuable documents Elector In the courtyard of the castle, which almost doubled in size, and according to Moritz's plans, it was supposed to serve for holding knightly tournaments, modeled on the French castle of Chambord (castle) (fr. château de Chambord) three corner towers were built. The walls were decorated with paintings in the sgraffito style (Italian: graffito). The “Watchtower,” which had been a corner tower before the reconstruction, was now located in the middle of the northern wing of the castle. The part of the wing to the east of the tower, which was not affected by the reconstruction, from that time began to be called Altes Haus(old house), in the newly built part, to the west of the tower, a court chapel was equipped; in 1558, the entrance from the courtyard to the chapel was decorated with a golden gate. In 1590-94. With south side Another building was completed, so the castle received another courtyard. Next a big wave The castle was rebuilt at the end of the 17th and beginning of the 18th centuries. In 1674-76. The “Watchtower” received a baroque roof with a spire, the total height of the tower was now 101 meters, until 1945 the tower was the most tall structure in Dresden. Since 1693, the castle, which had only one gate located in the south, received another “Green Gate” from the north, located exactly under the watchtower. During the reign of Augustus the Strong in 1701, a large fire occurred in the castle, as a result of which the eastern wing and St. George's Gate burned down. Although most of buildings in Dresden were erected at that time in the Baroque style, the restoration of the castle was carried out without changing the architectural style.

XX century

For the 800th anniversary of the Saxon Wettin dynasty, by order of King Albert, a new major restoration and reconstruction of the castle and adjacent buildings began in 1889. Work under the leadership of Gustav Dunger and Gustav Fröhlich lasted more than 10 years, and by 1901 the castle received its current appearance. The main changes affected the southern side of the castle; here, in 1900, another building with a covered passage, in the style of neo-baroque, to the Taschenberg Palace (German) Taschenberg). The northern “Elbe side” of the castle was connected by the same passage to the cathedral. Thus, the Taschenberg Palace, where the royal family lived, was connected by internal passages through the castle with the cathedral, and with the Johanneum through the Long Passage gallery.

Coordinates: 51°03′09″ n. w. 13°44′12″ E. d. /  51.0527417° s. w. 13.7369222° E. d. / 51.0527417; 13.7369222(G) (I)

Gallery

Sculptural decorations of the arched entrance of the St. George's Gate

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Balcony console with relief ornaments

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Keystone of the arch with a decorative image of a warrior in armor

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Covered passage from the castle to the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity

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Western side of the castle from the roof of the Zwinger, in the center “Watchtower” (height with spire - 101 meters)

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Western side of the castle, Sculptural decorations of the first floor (Grunes Gevolbe)

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The southern side of the castle, on the left is a covered passage to the Taschenberg Palace and the eastern wing of the palace itself

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East side of the castle, archaeological site in the foreground

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Links

• Reinhard Spehr, Herbert Boswank. Dresden - Stadtgründung im Dunkel der Geschichte. - Dresden: DJM, 2000. - ISBN 3980309118.(German)
• (German). Retrieved July 25, 2010. .
• (German). Retrieved July 25, 2010. .

An excerpt characterizing the Dresden Castle Residence

Despite the fact that the surface of the historical sea seemed motionless, humanity moved as continuously as the movement of time. Various groups of human connections formed and disintegrated; the reasons for the formation and disintegration of states and the movements of peoples were prepared.
The historical sea, not as before, was directed by gusts from one shore to another: it seethed in the depths. Historical figures, not as before, rushed in waves from one shore to another; now they seemed to be spinning in one place. Historical figures, who previously at the head of the troops reflected the movement of the masses with orders of wars, campaigns, battles, now reflected the seething movement with political and diplomatic considerations, laws, treatises...
Historians call this activity of historical figures reaction.
Describing the activities of these historical figures, who, in their opinion, were the cause of what they call the reaction, historians strictly condemn them. All famous people of that time, from Alexander and Napoleon to m me Stael, Photius, Schelling, Fichte, Chateaubriand, etc., pass before their strict judgment and are acquitted or condemned, depending on whether they contributed to progress or reaction.
In Russia, according to their description, a reaction also took place during this period of time, and the main culprit of this reaction was Alexander I - the same Alexander I who, according to their descriptions, was the main culprit of the liberal initiatives of his reign and the salvation of Russia.
In real Russian literature, from a high school student to a learned historian, there is not a person who would not throw his own pebble at Alexander I for his wrong actions during this period of his reign.
“He should have done this and that. In this case he acted well, in this case he acted badly. He behaved well at the beginning of his reign and during the 12th year; but he acted badly by giving a constitution to Poland, making the Holy Alliance, giving power to Arakcheev, encouraging Golitsyn and mysticism, then encouraging Shishkov and Photius. He did something wrong by being involved in the front part of the army; he acted badly by distributing the Semyonovsky regiment, etc.”
It would be necessary to fill ten pages in order to list all the reproaches that historians make to him on the basis of the knowledge of the good of humanity that they possess.
What do these reproaches mean?
The very actions for which historians approve of Alexander I, such as: the liberal initiatives of his reign, the fight against Napoleon, the firmness he showed in the 12th year, and the campaign of the 13th year, do not stem from the same sources - the conditions of blood , education, life, which made Alexander’s personality what it was - from which flow those actions for which historians blame him, such as: the Holy Alliance, the restoration of Poland, the reaction of the 20s?
What is the essence of these reproaches?
The fact that such a historical person as Alexander I, a person who stood at the highest possible level of human power, is, as it were, in the focus of the blinding light of all the historical rays concentrated on him; a person subject to those strongest influences in the world of intrigue, deception, flattery, self-delusion, which are inseparable from power; a face that felt, every minute of its life, responsibility for everything that happened in Europe, and a face that is not fictitious, but living, like every person, with its own personal habits, passions, aspirations for goodness, beauty, truth - that this face , fifty years ago, not only was he not virtuous (historians do not blame him for this), but he did not have those views for the good of humanity that a professor now has, who has been engaged in science from a young age, that is, reading books, lectures and copying these books and lectures in one notebook.
But even if we assume that Alexander I fifty years ago was mistaken in his view of what is the good of peoples, we must involuntarily assume that the historian judging Alexander, in the same way, after some time will turn out to be unjust in his view of that , which is the good of humanity. This assumption is all the more natural and necessary because, following the development of history, we see that every year, with every new writer, the view of what is the good of humanity changes; so that what seemed good appears after ten years as evil; and vice versa. Moreover, at the same time we find in history completely opposite views on what was evil and what was good: some take credit for the constitution given to Poland and the Holy Alliance, others as a reproach to Alexander.
It cannot be said about the activities of Alexander and Napoleon that they were useful or harmful, because we cannot say for what they are useful and for what they are harmful. If someone does not like this activity, then he does not like it only because it does not coincide with his limited understanding of what is good. Does it seem good to me to preserve my father’s house in Moscow in 12, or the glory of the Russian troops, or the prosperity of St. Petersburg and other universities, or the freedom of Poland, or the power of Russia, or the balance of Europe, or a certain kind of European enlightenment - progress, I must admit that the activity of every historical figure had, in addition to these goals, other, more general goals that were inaccessible to me.
But let us assume that so-called science has the ability to reconcile all contradictions and has an unchanging measure of good and bad for historical persons and events.
Let's assume that Alexander could have done everything differently. Let us assume that he could, according to the instructions of those who accuse him, those who profess knowledge of the ultimate goal of the movement of mankind, order according to the program of nationality, freedom, equality and progress (there seems to be no other) that his current accusers would have given him. Let us assume that this program was possible and drawn up and that Alexander would act according to it. What would then happen to the activities of all those people who opposed the then direction of the government - with activities that, according to historians, were good and useful? This activity would not exist; there would be no life; nothing would have happened.
If we assume that human life can be controlled by reason, then the possibility of life will be destroyed.

If we assume, as historians do, that great people lead humanity to achieve certain goals, which consist either in the greatness of Russia or France, or in the balance of Europe, or in spreading the ideas of revolution, or in general progress, or whatever it may be, it is impossible to explain the phenomena of history without the concepts of chance and genius.
If the goal of the European wars at the beginning of this century was the greatness of Russia, then this goal could be achieved without all the previous wars and without an invasion. If the goal is the greatness of France, then this goal could be achieved without revolution and without empire. If the goal is the dissemination of ideas, then printing would accomplish this much better than soldiers. If the goal is the progress of civilization, then it is very easy to assume that, besides the extermination of people and their wealth, there are other more expedient ways for the spread of civilization.
Why did it happen this way and not otherwise?
Because that's how it happened. “Chance made the situation; genius took advantage of it,” says history.
But what is a case? What is a genius?
The words chance and genius do not mean anything that really exists and therefore cannot be defined. These words only denote a certain degree of understanding of phenomena. I don't know why this phenomenon happens; I don't think I can know; That’s why I don’t want to know and say: chance. I see a force producing an action disproportionate to universal human properties; I don’t understand why this happens, and I say: genius.
For a herd of rams, the ram that is driven every evening by the shepherd into a special stall to feed and becomes twice as thick as the others must seem like a genius. And the fact that every evening this very same ram ends up not in a common sheepfold, but in a special stall for oats, and that this very same ram, doused in fat, is killed for meat, should seem like an amazing combination of genius with a whole series of extraordinary accidents .

12-01-2013, 17:34
The Dresden Palace, which served as the residence of Saxon kings and electors, is one of the best-preserved oldest buildings in the city of Dresden. This building is already unique in its own way, since in its appearance alone one can see elements and decorated parts of many medieval architectural styles.

The Saxon castle was home to Saxon imperial princes and kings for many centuries. To this day, they have not been able to reliably find out the years of the palace’s foundation. The first mention of the castle in Dresden, according to historical chronicles, dates back to 1289. However, historians claim that a fortification stood here at the end of the 12th century. They put forward such assumptions due to the fact that there was a wooden bridge nearby across the Elbe River at that time, the need for which simply would not have existed without the presence of such a significant castle in this place. Some time later, another bridge, built of stone, was “thrown” across the river in 1289.

It is not known for certain what the first building looked like, because no drawings or plans have survived to this day. Thanks to the research of archaeologists and scientists on the foundation and other “early” elements of the fortress, it was possible to find out that the structure was originally a small Romanesque fortress with a courtyard measuring 35x40 meters.

Centuries passed fleetingly, and the Dresden palace gradually changed its appearance, acquiring newfangled features of architectural trends and losing irrelevant elements of architectural styles.

In the place where the Watchtower is located today, there was one of the corner defensive towers of a square shape, later a hexagonal structure was built over it, and some time later it was turned into the northern Watchtower.

The Dresden Palace was renovated again in the 15th century. Thanks to the popular trend of the late Middle Ages in Germany at that time, this building became a three-story, four-sided castle of the Italian “model.”

The next dramatic changes in the appearance of the fortress occurred in the middle of the 16th century. At the same time, Duke of Saxony George the Bearded rebuilt the Elbe Gate, which was later named after him and became St. George's Gate.

Then it was Elector Moritz’s turn to rebuild the castle. In 1548, the building finally received the status of an official residence and Moritz, in order to create a palace befitting this status, invited such famous architects as Hans von Den Rothfelsen, Bastian and Hans Kramer, who chose the Renaissance style for these purposes, to reconstruct the building.

The castle lost its western wing, since it was decided to expand it, but it now has a southern and northern wing, which completely fence off the courtyard. In 1558, to the west of the demolished part, the Moritzbau building was erected, on the ground floor of which Moritz’s “secret vault” was placed with meter-high walls that hid the royal treasures. Subsequently, the repository was converted by our contemporaries into the Green Vaults of Dresden.

Thanks to the latest changes, the castle courtyard has almost doubled in size. Here, Elector Moritz intended to hold knightly tournaments, for which he ordered the construction of three more internal towers similar to those erected in the French castle of Chambord.

The part of the castle that is located east of the Watchtower did not undergo reconstruction and subsequently became known as the Old House. On the western side of the courtyard they added another chapel with a golden gate. A century later, a small building was built in the southern part of the courtyard, which created another courtyard.

At the end of the 17th century, the completely flat roof of the Watchtower was demolished and a high baroque dome with a spire was added, the height of which began to reach 101 meters.

In 1693, the Dresden Castle Residence was equipped with a second entrance gate on the north side under the Watchtower, they are called the Green Gate.

In 1701, the St. George Gate and the eastern wing burned down due to a strong fire, but the castle was quickly restored, trying as much as possible to leave everything intact. original form. In those days, Dresden was rapidly transforming, and city buildings were built in the popular Baroque style.

The next changes in the history of the Dresden residence occurred in 1889 - it was then that the building began to acquire its new appearance, which can be seen today. In connection with the 800th anniversary of the Wettin dynasty, King Albert decided to carry out a grand restructuring of the castle. To this end, he invited the architects Gustav Dunger and Gustav Fröhlich, whom he instructed to carry out the restoration and complete reconstruction of the Dresden historical landmark.

Thanks to the work of the craftsmen, the neo-baroque building of Taschenberg Castle was built on the southern side of the castle, which was connected to the Johanneum by the Long Passage gallery. Subsequently, the royal family settled in this small palace. The northern side of the castle was also affected, which was connected by a covered passage with the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity.

This is what the southern wing of the palace looks like today, with a covered passage leading to the eastern wing and Taschenberg.

Upon completion of all construction work in 1901, the royal residence in Dresden sparkled with new colors - this castle has retained the splendor acquired over centuries to this day.

In the current Dresden Palace, the main attractions are the northern Watchtower, the court chapel, the Taschenberg Palace and such unique interiors of the building as the Engraving and Numismatic Cabinets, the famous collection of jewelry, which is the richest collection in Europe, the Green Vaults Museum and the Pretiosensaal Jewelry Hall " By the way, the museum received the name Green Vaults because of the color of the columns, which were then painted malachite green; later they were covered with mirrors.

Plan of the current royal residence in Dresden.

Today the Dresden Residence, together with the Semper Opera, adorns Theater Square"Old Town".

The Residence Palace is one of the oldest buildings in Dresden, and its exterior features elements of many medieval architectural styles.

The castle is called a residence for a reason - it actually served for centuries as the official residence of first the Saxon electors, and then the kings

If we believe the historical documents and fragmentary facts that have reached us, the first mention of a fortress on this site dates back to 1289, although it could have been here already at the end of the 12th century - judging by the fact that at that time there was a wooden bridge across the Elbe nearby, the need in which, without the presence of any significant fortification in this area, there simply was no fortification. In 1289, a stone bridge was “thrown” across the Elbe

What the first fortress looked like is not known for certain, because... no drawings have survived to this day. The study of the foundations and other “early” elements of the fortress allowed scientists to judge that originally it was most likely a small Romanesque fortress with a courtyard approximately 35 by 40 meters

Centuries passed and the palace constantly changed its appearance, acquiring more and more new features of architectural trends that were becoming fashionable and losing elements of architectural styles that were no longer considered “fashionable.”

On the site of the current Watchtower was one of the square corner defensive towers, later built on by a hexagonal structure, later turned into the northern Watchtower

In the 15th century, the Dresden Palace-Residence became popular in Germany Late Middle Ages appearance of a three-story, four-sided castle of the Italian “model”

In 1530-58, further dramatic changes took place in the original appearance of the fortress. Saxon Duke George the Bearded rebuilds the Elbe Gate, which after reconstruction receives his name and becomes St. George's Gate

In 1548, Elector Moritz undertook the reconstruction of the castle, under whom the building finally received the status of an official residence. To create a palace in the Renaissance style befitting this status, the Elector invites the architects Bastian, Hans Kramer and Hans von Den Rothfelsen, who completely rebuild the palace

It was decided to expand the castle, which is why it lost the western wing, but acquired new southern and northern ones, which completely fenced off the courtyard. To the west of the demolished part, the Moritzbau building was built in 1558. On the ground floor of the newly formed western wing, the Elector’s “secret vault” was placed with meter-high walls, behind which the royal treasures were kept. Subsequently, already in our time, the storage facility was converted into the world famous Green Vaults of Dresden

As a result of the changes made, the castle's courtyard was almost doubled in size - Elector Moritz planned to hold knightly tournaments here, for which three more internal towers were erected by analogy with the French Chateau de Chambord

The part of the castle that was not affected by the reconstruction (east of the Watchtower) subsequently became known as the Old House, the new one (west of the tower) was supplemented with a court chapel with a golden gate. At the end of the 16th century, another small building was added to the south, creating another small courtyard.

At the end of the 17th century, the Watchtower lost its completely flat roof and acquired a high baroque dome with a spire, increasing its total height to 101 meters

In 1693, the Dresden Castle Residence was equipped with a second, Green Gate in the north under the Watchtower (before that there were only southern entrance gates)

In 1701, a strong fire occurred in the palace, destroying the eastern wing and the St. George's Gate, but the castle was quickly restored, leaving everything in its original form - despite the fact that Dresden at that time was rapidly transforming into the increasingly popular Baroque style

The year 1889 marked a new milestone in the history of the Dresden Residence Palace - it was then that the castle began to acquire its current appearance. King Albert decided to carry out a large-scale restructuring of the castle, dedicated to the 800th anniversary of the Wettin dynasty, for which the architects Gustav Dunger and Gustav Fröhlich were commissioned to carry out a complete reconstruction and restoration of the historical landmark

On the southern side of the castle, a new neo-baroque building of the Taschenberg Palace appeared, connected by the Long Passage gallery to the Johanneum. The royal family later settled in this small palace. The northern side of the castle was united with the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity by the same covered passage

The southern wing of the palace, in the photo on the left there is a covered passage to the eastern wing and the Taschenberg Palace

As a result, in 1901, after all the work was completed, the Dresden Royal Residence sparkled with new colors - it has retained its acquired splendor to this day

The main attractions of the current castle-residence are the Watchtower on its northern side, the Taschenberg Palace, the court chapel and, in fact, its unique interiors: the Numismatic and Engraving rooms, as well as the previously mentioned famous Dresden jewelry collection - the richest collection of jewelry in Europe, without a doubt exhibited in the Green Vault Museum (Grunes Gewölbe), located in the Pretiosensaal Hall of Jewels of the Dresden Residence Palace. The name Green Vaults dates back to the time when the malachite-green columns of the hall were not yet covered with mirrors

Diagram of the current royal residence of Dresden

Today, the Dresden Residence Palace, along with the Semper Opera, adorns the Theater Square of the "Old Town"

Dresden Castle Residence is one of the oldest buildings and attractions in Dresden. The residence palace was built by order of the Saxon Elector Augustus the Strong. Until 1918, representatives of the Saxon royal dynasty lived here.

From the history

The first written mention of the construction of a fortification on the territory of Dresden dates back to 1289. Scientists suggest that it was a fortress in the Romanesque style, the courtyard of which measured approximately 35 by 40 meters. On the site of the Watchtower was the northwestern corner tower. The interior of the tower has not been subjected to destruction or reconstruction throughout its history, and therefore has retained its original medieval appearance. In the 15th century, as a result of reconstructions, the Dresden Fortress took on the appearance of a four-sided, three-story castle in the Italian style of the late Middle Ages.
Under Duke George the Bearded, in 1530-1558, the castle was reconstructed. The Elbe Gate was rebuilt, which was later named St. George's Gate. Additionally, the southern and northern wings were completed, and the castle acquired a closed courtyard; three corner towers were built. On ground floor In the western wing there was a repository of treasures, money and valuable documents, now called the “Green Vaults”. The courtyard was used for knightly tournaments. The part of the wing that was not reconstructed was called Altes Haus (Old House); in the newly built part there was a court chapel, the entrance to which was decorated with a golden gate in 1558. In 1590-1594 The castle was completed on the south side and received another courtyard. A major reconstruction took place in the castle in 1674-1676, when a baroque roof with a spire was added to the Watchtower. Until 1945, the Watchtower was the tallest building in Dresden
In 1889, on the occasion of the 800th anniversary of the Saxon Wettin dynasty, by order of King Albert, a major reconstruction of the castle and surrounding buildings began. The work lasted more than 10 years, and by 1901 the palace acquired its current appearance.

Tourist information

One of the attractions of Dresden Castle is the 101-meter-high Hausmannsturm tower. Here is located Observation deck, which offers a magnificent view of Dresden.
There are several museums located on the premises of Dresden Castle. Among them are the Treasury of the Saxon Kings “Green Vaults”, the Turkish Chamber and the Armory Chamber.
Opening hours of the observation deck: 03.23.13-03.11.13 Wednesday - Monday, closed - Tuesday
Museum opening hours: 10.00-18.00, closed on Monday
Ticket price: combined ticket to all museums of the Palace, except the Historical Green Vaults: adults - 10 euros; preferential - 7.50 euros; children under 17 years old - free; schoolchildren and students over 17 years old - 7.50 euros; audio guide - 3 euros.
The ticket is valid for one day at the New Green Vaults, the Armory Chamber, the Turkish Chamber, the Observation Tower and for visiting temporary exhibitions.
Official site: www.skd-dresden.de

Interested in this: 25964 visitors

The Residence Palace is one of the oldest buildings and attractions of Dresden in the Neo-Renaissance style. The history of the palace begins in 1400, when St. George's Gate and a city wall with a portal stood on this site. Later, in 1548, Caspar Vogt von Wierand built the first palace here. From then until 1918, the Saxon royal dynasties lived in this building.

The palace was completed and decorated several times by various architects. The most remarkable part of the palace is the oldest Hausmannsturm tower, 100 m high. There is an observation deck decorated with a roof with golden balls and a clock. From the height of the observation tower you can enjoy a beautiful view of the sights of Dresden and take a closer look at the magnificent sculptures decorating the Hofkirche.

The courtyard of the Palace-Residence is decorated with sgraffito paintings. And two graceful hanging bridges connect it with Cathedral and from Taschenbergpalais. This luxurious palace was built for August the Strong's favorite favorite, Anna Constance von Cosel.

The Residence Palace houses several museums. When you travel to Dresden, be sure to plan a visit to the Green Vaults (Grünes Gewölbe). This rich treasury of the Saxon kings has rightfully earned worldwide fame. The collection consists of two separate exhibitions: and.

Both exhibitions bring together more than 4,000 priceless exhibits of extraordinary beauty. You can enjoy magnificent jewelry with diamonds, sapphires and emeralds, which are stored in special anti-glare display cases. One of the masterpieces of the collection is a tiny cherry pit with “185 faces” carved on it.

On the next floors of the Palace-Residence there are two more museums - and.