Golitsyn Palace Crimea. Romantic Alexandria is the palace of Countess Panina in Crimea. From the history of the estate: the founding fathers

After a tour of the estate of grandmother A.S. Pushkin to Zakharovo we went to neighboring Bolshie Vyazemy. This is the former estate of the Golitsyn princes, which remembers Boris Godunov, Marina Mnishek, Kutuzov and Napoleon. A.S. Pushkin also often visited here, visiting the local temple and using the rich library of the Golitsyns.

Museum of Boris Godunov in Bolshie Vyazemy

We arrived just before two o'clock in the afternoon, when the duty tour begins. The inspection began with the restored building of the equestrian yard, which now houses the Boris Godunov Museum.

It was to him, as a royal relative, that these lands were granted in the 16th century. He built a huge wooden tower on the site of the current horse yard and founded the temple in 1598 Life-Giving Trinity, which later became Spaso-Preobrazhensky.

It is surprising that this church, unusual for the Moscow region, has survived from those times. Its belfry is currently undergoing restoration as well as upper temple With unique frescoes end of the 16th century. We saw copies of them on the second floor of the Boris Godunov Museum.

In addition, there are exhibited archaeological finds, discovered on the site of the former prince’s mansion and costumes for the opera “Boris Godunov”.

Publication from Nina and Natasha, travelers (@shagauru) May 11, 2017 at 1:06 PDT

Here we were told that during troubled times Marina Mnishek stopped in Vyazemy on her way to her fiancé Dmitry Ivanovich. Here she accepted gifts from him. After her visit, many royal buildings in Vyazemy burned down, including the wooden tower.

Big Vyazemy Estate

From the horse yard we headed to the Transfiguration Cathedral.

As I already said in the story about the Zakharovo estate, brother A.S. was buried near it. Pushkin Nikolai, who died suddenly at the age of six years. You can now enter the upper church only during the Feast of the Transfiguration of the Lord on August 19.
During the time of Peter the Great, Vyazemy was considered a palace estate. In 1694, the emperor donated these possessions to his tutor, Prince Boris Alekseevich Golitsyn, who also owned the Dubrovitsy estate. Peter the Great visited these places twice while passing through. Bolshie Vyazemy belonged to the Golitsyn family until the revolution of 1917. The great-grandson of Boris Alekseevich Nikolai Mikhailovich Golitsyn, after many years of military service, received at his disposal the rather large Vyazemy estate. Here he decides to do agriculture and arrangement of the estate. First in 1771 and 1772. two stone outbuildings are being built. One housed the kitchen, and the other contained human quarters. Now one of them is under restoration, and the second has just recently been opened to the public.

A garden was laid out between the wings. Later, in 1784, a strict rectangular stone house with a belvedere was built on the high bank of the upper pond.

At the same time, a stone fence was erected around the temple, and a park with three radial alleys diverging in different directions was laid out next to the main house.

Linden, elm, larch and pine trees are planted in the manor park.

In addition, Nikolai Mikhailovich is building a greenhouse where apricots, plums and cherries are grown. Bolshie Vyazemy was Golitsyn’s summer residence; he usually came here in May and left late autumn. In addition to a well-deserved rest in the village, he tried to constantly expand his knowledge in the field of gardening and vegetable growing, read articles on agricultural technology for cultivating various crops and immediately applied this knowledge in practice. He also tried to improve the life of the local peasants by building them huts with glass windows and heating through a chimney. It was Nikolai Mikhailovich who laid the foundation for the famous library in Bolshie Vyazemy and began collecting paintings and various objects of art, which after the revolution were distributed to museums in our country.

In 1797, Emperor Paul the First and his retinue visited the estate. On the occasion of the visit of the august person to Vyazemy, a sumptuous dinner was held in the state dining room.

Nikolai Mikhailovich had no children, so the estate passed to his brother, and then to his nephews Boris Vladimirovich and Dmitry Vladimirovich Golitsyn. Their mother Natalya Petrovna was an amazing woman for her time and it is believed that it was she who served as the prototype for Pushkin’s famous “Queen of Spades.” Natalya Petrovna was born and lived a lot abroad, was a very educated and prominent lady, one of Catherine the Great’s favorite ladies-in-waiting. She considered the Golitsyn family to be the most noble and eminent and was very proud that she managed to become related to him by getting married. They say that her admiration for the surname was so strong that when she began to praise Jesus Christ to her granddaughter, she asked if the savior was from their Golitsyn family. Natalya Petrovna enjoyed the respect of all emperors and royalty, who congratulated her on all the important dates in her life and showed her special respect. She was also familiar with European monarchs, some even actively courted her, because in her youth she was extremely beautiful. However, with age, she developed a mustache and beard, and Natalya Petrovna received the nickname “mustachioed princess.” Golitsyna was a very powerful and tough woman, she raised her children in strictness, and her son, the Moscow Governor-General, even in his old age, having grandchildren, did not dare to sit down without his mother’s permission. The princess lived for 93 years and maintained clarity of mind until the end of her life. Her room in the palace in Vyazemy is perhaps the most beautiful.

A.S. Pushkin was familiar with her, and from his friend, Golitsina’s great-nephew, he learned the legend about a combination of three cards that always allowed him to win. This combination was allegedly told to him by Natalya Petrovna. This is how the image of the “Queen of Spades” appeared in the poet’s head.

One of her sons, Boris Vladimirovich, judging by the portraits, was a rare handsome man, participated in the war of 1812 and was seriously wounded at Borodino.

After some time, never having recovered from his wounds, he died, leaving two illegitimate daughters from some gypsy woman. His brother’s wife sheltered the orphans with her, but carefully hid their existence from her mother-in-law, Natalya Petrovna, who would definitely not have approved of her son’s relationship with a woman of dubious origin. After the war of 1812, Bolshie Vyazemy passed to Dmitry Vladimirovich Golitsyn, whose monument can be seen in the estate park.

In addition, there is a memorial sign about the stop of the Russian and French armies in Vyazemy.

After the Battle of Borodino, when our army was moving towards Moscow, Commander-in-Chief M.I. stayed at the estate. Kutuzov. He chose the hall of the foreign library for accommodation. In Vyazemy they provided medical care mortally wounded Bagration. After the Russian army abandoned the estate, the French occupied it. Emperor Napoleon stayed in the same library room on the first floor. Now in the recreated room, on one of the walls there are portraits of heroes of the War of 1812.

During our excursion, there was a rehearsal in the hall for a symphony concert, which sounds especially harmonious within the walls of a noble estate. The French did not destroy the estate much, perhaps because Golitsyn was a Freemason, like Napoleon. And among the representatives of this movement there was a certain respect for each other. You can understand that the Golitsyns belong to the Freemasons by the pattern on the stove tiles; I didn’t even know that this floral ornament, it turns out, is one of the Masonic symbols.

In the room in front of the foreign library, the reception room of the French emperor is recreated with portraits of his generals.

Each hall of the palace has many interesting objects and very beautiful furniture.

When we go up to the second floor, we already see a lot of stuffed animals on the stairs.

This is due to the fact that the last owner of Vyazem from the Golitsyn family, Dmitry Borisovich, was the head of the royal hunt until the revolution, after which the whole family emigrated. Bolshie Vyazemy suffered the usual fate of most noble estates: first a colony for street children was located here, then a sanatorium for party workers, an airfield and a tank school. During the Great Patriotic War, the Germans barely reached Vyazem, and our army set up a hospital in the main building. Only in the middle of the 20th century did they think about creating a Pushkin museum in Bolshie Vyazemy and Zakharovo.

The restoration of buildings and reconstruction of interiors is still ongoing, but now it is very interesting and a nice place, associated with many of the biggest names and events in our history. In addition to the main exhibition, the palace exhibits historical costumes, porcelain and lace.

Separate rooms are dedicated to a children's corner, where you can see toys, books and children's entertainment from the pre-revolutionary period.

Downstairs we also toured the hall of the exhibition of wooden sculpture by the contemporary author G.Ya. Burkova.

Park and territory of Bolshie Vyazem

After visiting two estates, we were so hungry and tired that we decided to rest a little at a local buffet. But when we left, we saw that the weather had improved and decided to take a short walk around the estate. We approached the ponds. On the other side you can see a bridge on a dam built by Boris Godunov.

Then we headed to the parking lot, taking a farewell look at the majestic and so beautiful Transfiguration Church.

The building was erected according to the design of the famous architect Fyodor Osipovich Shekhtel.

The appearance of the palace of S. L. Golitsyn looks like medieval castle square in shape, with a vast open courtyard and four towers at the corners. The top of the towers and walls of this square structure are decorated with battlements, which gives it a characteristic medieval touch. At the level of the second floor, lancet windows are cut through the walls and towers, and two decorative turrets in oriental style rise on both sides of the entrance.

The building has survived to this day and is currently being successfully operated by the village administration and the housing stock.

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The building was erected according to the design of the famous architect Fyodor Osipovich Shekhtel. The exterior of S. L. Golitsyn's palace has the appearance of a square-shaped medieval castle, with a vast open courtyard and four towers in the corners. The top of the towers and walls of this square structure are decorated with battlements, which gives it a characteristic medieval touch. At the level of the second floor, lancet windows are cut through the walls and towers, and two decorative turrets in oriental style rise on both sides of the entrance. The building has survived to this day and is currently being successfully operated by the village administration and the housing stock. Save changes

Near Sudak, in the village New World there is a palace that was built at the beginning of the 19th century. The palace with three-story crenellated towers, built of gray stone, originally belonged to Alexander Nikolaevich Golitsyn. The creators of this architectural art are Elson F. and Gunt V.

Geographic coordinates of the Golitsyn Palace on the map of Crimea GPS N 44.830851, E 34.914188

Golitsyn Palace in the New World located at the address: Novy Svet village, Lev Golitsyn Street, 18. You can only view the palace from the outside; excursions inside are currently not allowed, so you can only enjoy the beauty of the palace from the street. Lev Golitsyn. It is almost impossible to find a separate excursion to the palace, but in sightseeing tour in the New World, the palace is included in the mandatory program.

Golitsyn family had many lands and estates among her possessions, as she occupied a high position in Russian Empire.
The Golitsyn Palace is interesting not only for its buildings, but also for the garden that surrounds it. His own master was involved in planting the garden. Initially, flower beds were planted along the palace walls, an alley on the north side of the castle and a small terrace. Golitsyn's palace was surrounded by a garden, in which one could find such types of trees as: cedar, oak, cypress, maple, chestnut.

Golitsyn Palace What made the castle more popular was the visit of Emperor Nicholas II of the Russian Empire in 1902. He visited the castle with his family while traveling around the Crimean Peninsula. The Emperor left a message under the portrait of Alexander Nikolaevich Golitsyn in pencil, while the owner of the house himself was away.

Golitsyn Palace was damaged during the war. However, the new owners of the palace, Levashov V.V. and his wife Countess Panina, made enormous efforts to restore the palace and improve it. Already in 1895, the palace underwent a major renovation: the roof was decorated with red tiles, the walls were lined with limestone. A greenhouse, a manager's house, a greenhouse, a gardener's house and a guest house appeared near Golitsyn's palace. The park and alleys were decorated with violets, roses and tulips. Winemaking began to actively develop. The table grape variety Alexandria Muscat was especially popular.

How to get to Golitsyn Palace in the New World

The easiest way to get to the Golitsyn Palace in the New World is from the city of Sudak. In Sudak, you take the tourist highway and move along the main road towards the village of Novy Svet. Everywhere in the village, take a left and move along the street. Golitsyn almost to the end of the street, so you have reached your goal.

Golitsyn Palace is famous not only by its unique architecture and beautiful park, but also by the people who lived in it. So the writer Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy lived in the castle for about a year to recover and gain strength after his illness. His guests were no less famous people like Gorky A.M., Chekhov A.P., Shalyapin F.I. and others. The Golitsyn Palace has been preserved in excellent condition to this day. Today it houses the Yasnaya Polyana health resort, which was originally opened for the treatment of USSR scientists. Golitsyn Palace is definitely worth visiting and looking at the beautiful architectural ensemble. Golitsyn Palace, one of the most beautiful