The seventh miracle. Seven wonders of the world of our time: description. Modern Wonders of the World
The familiar concept of “Seven Wonders of the World” was born in ancient times, more than 2 thousand years ago. Since then, it has united famous creations of ancient architecture.
Let's remember what is included in these “miracles”. After all, they have practically not survived to this day.
Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt
The only exception is the Cheops pyramid. It is already 4.5 thousand years old, but it still impresses with its grandeur. Construction took place over 20 years, and tens of thousands of Egyptians and slaves took part in it. Another hundred thousand were busy delivering blocks. Construction was completed around 2560 BC.
The pyramid consists of - as calculated today - 2.5 million blocks. The most amazing thing is that they are not held together by cement or any other binder. They are held together by tightly fitting each other. Now the top of the Cheops pyramid has been destroyed. Previously, its height was 147 meters.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon in Iraq
The next miracle is the “Hanging Gardens” of Babylon. Their purpose was to please the beauty, the wife of King Nebuchadnezzar P
The gardens rose in four tiers. From a distance it seemed that they were rising above the ground. In fact, it was very difficult to build structures in which, like in huge pots, not only flowers and shrubs, but also trees would grow. Both stones and lead plates were used. It was also necessary to bring and pour here a fairly large layer of fertile soil.
It is not surprising that in arid Babylon such an oasis seemed like a real miracle.
Zeus statue in Greece
In Greece there was a third “miracle” - a statue of Zeus. In the 5th century BC. a temple was built here in honor of the most important Greek god. Naturally, there was a statue of him inside the temple. The 20-meter tall Zeus sat on the throne, overwhelming the believers with his magnificence. This was not just a sculpture. The wooden body was covered with ivory. The god's robe naturally shone with gold.
Temple of Artemis in Turkey
Where modern Türkiye lies, in ancient times there was a temple of Artemis. It was built in the 6th century. BC. by order of King Croesus. The greatness and power of the goddess was to be emphasized by her statue. The basis of production was ivory. And also 127 high columns, as if supporting a huge structure.
The temple was burned in 356 BC. But he remained forever in people's memory.
Mausoleum in Halicarnassus Türkiye
The next “miracle” was again located in Turkey. This is the mausoleum at Halicarnassus. It became the tomb for Mausolus, the ruler of Caria, who lived in the 4th century BC. This structure, although inferior in height to the Cheops pyramid, still reached a significant height - 46 m. It was framed by columns, and crowned by a sculpture of a chariot.
Colossus of Rhodes in Greece
The sixth “miracle” can be called the statue of the Sun God - Helios. Its other name is the Colossus of Rhodes. This statue stood in Greece in the 3rd century BC. So the Greeks decided to thank their beloved god. They believed that it was Helios who helped them survive the fight against the invaders and survive the siege. In the hand of the young god there was a torch, as if lighting the way for ships sailing to and leaving the port of Rhodes. Six and a half decades later, the statue was destroyed by an earthquake.
At the moment they want to restore the statue to attract tourists.
By the way, in the famous series “Game of Thrones” there is a similar sculpture
Alexandria Lighthouse in Egypt
The world also lost the seventh “miracle” as a result of the shaking of the soil. This is the Lighthouse of Alexandria, which in the 3rd century BC. was in Egypt, on the island of Pharos. For that time it was a huge tower. According to historians, its height reached 120 m. But even more amazing was the way in which the lighthouse sent light to ships. At its top, servants kept the fire burning, and specially made metal mirrors directed the light into the distance.
Sailors located 60 km from the port saw a distant spark in the night. It was a fire burning on top of the lighthouse. The most difficult task was to deliver enough wood for the fire. Carts and mules were used for this purpose. They went up the spiral staircase.
The series “Game of Thrones” also played up their own version of the Alexandria Lighthouse
Even now, thousands of years later, we respect these creations by the hands of ancient masters. What can we say about how their contemporaries perceived them! Indeed, these were miracles, there is no better way to say it.
New "Seven Wonders of the World" of the modern world.
Since almost all of these incomparable creations have been lost, the Swiss Bernard Weber proposed implementing the “New Seven Wonders of the World” project. The results were announced on July 7, 2007. Magic number "7".
Great Wall of China in China
Of course, the Great Wall of China, which at one time protected the state from nomads, could not give the palm to anyone. The wall was also supposed to unite the empire, which had just been formed, to help unite its people.
Construction lasted many years, in difficult conditions, when there were no roads and there was a shortage of necessary materials. But the result was great. There is no other architectural structure like this on our planet. The wall stretches for 8851.8 km. Every year over 40 million tourists come to see this miracle.
Amphitheater Colosseum in Italy
The largest amphitheater, the Colosseum, which survived from the times of Ancient Rome and now constitutes one of the main attractions of Italy, also enjoys well-deserved fame. The name "Colosseum" also comes from the word "colossus". To the Romans, the amphitheater seemed truly huge. After all, at that time the buildings reached a height of 8-10 m. Against their background, the Colosseum looked majestic. Once upon a time, thousands of guests flocked here to watch the famous gladiator fights.
Ancient Incan city of Machu Picchu Peru
On the territory of the present state of Peru is the ancient Incan city of Machu Picchu. Its location is unique - on the tops of the mountains, in the heart of the inaccessible Andes. Despite all the achievements of science, the secrets of Machu Picchu have not yet been fully solved. It is also called “the city among the clouds” and is associated with the name of the ruler Pachacutec. The residence of the ruler, located at an altitude of 2450 m, was inaccessible to enemies. And to those who were on earth, it seemed that it was fitting for the ruler to live next door to the gods. Most likely, the city was built in the 15th century. Even today you can come there along the path of ancient pilgrims, you just need to be prepared for the fact that the hike will take several days.
But you will see a majestic sight - mountain peaks and an ancient city. Beautiful llamas graze here.
Ancient city - Petra in Jordan
Another ancient city, Petra, is located in what is now Jordan. The peculiarity of this city is that it is carved from stone. Otherwise it would have been impossible to build it here in the Siq Canyon. Bare rocks, steep cliffs, narrow gorges - such a panorama opens up to the eyes of tourists. But people lived and fought with enemies here too. Truly, a person is capable of inhabiting any place!
Taj Mahal Temple in India
Compared to this ascetic shelter of ancient people, the Taj Mahal temple in India seems to be a symbol of beauty and harmony. There is probably no better creation in Indian architecture. This temple is a mausoleum. It was built by order of Emperor Shah Jahan. His beloved wife unexpectedly died during childbirth, and the inconsolable husband decided to perpetuate her memory in this way - by erecting a most beautiful temple. Today there is no tourist coming to India who would not like to see the Taj Mahal. This temple is located in the city of Agra.
Statue of Christ in Brazil
The sixth of the new wonders of the world was the statue of Christ in Brazil. On Mount Corcovado, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, the merciful Lord stretched out his hands over the people. This is Christ the Redeemer. It is symbolic that when thunderstorms rage here, the statue is often struck by lightning. After all, it is the highest point in the surrounding area. The height of this figure is 38 m, and it weighs more than 1145 tons. After a lightning strike, it is necessary to repair the damage caused to the reinforced concrete sculpture. Since they could not create such a huge figure in Brazil, they made the sculpture in France. They delivered it to Brazil in parts.
The seventh miracle was another ancient city of Chichen Itza. It belonged to the Mayan Indians and is located in Mexico. It was here that the Mayans gathered for prayers, and here, like nowhere else, they felt the presence of God. And today people feel awe when approaching the pyramids that were built by representatives of an ancient civilization. The most famous is the El Castillo temple in honor of the god Kukulkan.
All these sights, which only recently received the proud status of “New Wonders of the World,” have long become genuine treasures of our cultural heritage. The flow of tourists eager to see these wonderful places with their own eyes does not dry out. And it is gratifying that the “baton” of the ancient “miracles” has been taken up by no less wonderful, but accessible for viewing, “new miracles”.
The primacy of compiling a list of the 7 Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is attributed to Antipater of Sidon, who sang them for centuries in his poem:
I saw your walls, Babylon, on which there is spacious
And chariots; I saw Zeus at Olympia,
Miracle of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Colossus of Helios
And the pyramids are the work of many and hard labors;
I know Mausolus, a huge tomb. But I just saw
I am the palace of Artemis, the roof raised to the clouds,
Everything else faded before him; outside Olympus
The sun does not see beauty equal to it anywhere.
At different times, with the construction of new buildings, they tried to change the list of 7 wonders of the world of antiquity, but in the final version, only the Lighthouse of Alexandria appeared among the new ones, which eclipsed the greatness of the walls of Babylon.
Some include here all the pyramids of Egypt, some of the great pyramids of Giza, but for the most part only the largest of them, the Pyramid of Cheops, is perceived as a miracle. The pyramid is also considered the oldest miracle on the list - its construction is estimated to be around 2000 BC. Despite its old age, this is the only structure of the 7 old wonders of the world that has survived to our times.
Created by order of the king of desert Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar II, for his wife, these gardens were supposed to comfort and remind her of her distant homeland. The name of Semiramis, the Assyrian queen, appeared here by mistake, but, nevertheless, was firmly entrenched in history.
The statue was created for a temple in the major religious center of Ancient Greece - Olympia. The giant Zeus of the sculptor Phidias amazed the local residents so much that they decided that Zeus himself personally posed for the master.
In the ancient large port city of Ephesus, the goddess of fertility Artemis was especially revered. In honor of her, a huge and majestic temple was created here, which was included in the list of 7 ancient wonders of the world.
The rich king Mausolus wished to erect a mausoleum-temple in Halicarnassus, incomparable in beauty. The best craftsmen of that time worked on the construction. The work ended only after the death of Mavsol, but this did not prevent him from going down in history forever.
In honor of the great victory, the inhabitants of Rhodes decided to build a huge statue of the god Helios. The plan was carried out, but this miracle did not last long, and was soon destroyed by an earthquake.
To navigate ships near the large port of Alexandria, it was decided to build the largest lighthouse at that time. The building immediately eclipsed the walls of Babylon and took a place on the list of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
The history of the ancient world is interesting and beautiful. She attracts many of our contemporaries. Even after many years, people are interested in the way of life of their ancestors. And, of course, the most famous monuments of the ancient world - the Seven Wonders of the World - arouse curiosity.
The wealth of antiquity
It is impossible to tell about the ancient world with a few words. This is a huge layer of time that begins in those distant times when man first appeared and goes all the way to the Middle Ages. During this time, people managed to create a lot. It was then that inventions appeared that are still considered brilliant to this day.
Much of what was created before our era and in the first centuries after the birth of Christ is useful to this day. Any lawyer can talk about the enormous importance of Roman law, and philologists will talk about the role played by ancient languages that are now considered dead.
It was then that world religions were born. Then Zeus and Artemis were worshiped, then Jesus was born. The wonders of the ancient world are countless. But among them there are seven main ones.
Seven Wonders of the World
The history of the ancient world would be incomplete without telling about the Seven Wonders of the World. The list of them has changed over the centuries. But the number remained unchanged. There were always seven of them. The world was built around religious beliefs. Therefore, this number was not chosen by chance. Seven is the number He was considered the most beautiful of all gods. He was a patron of the arts. And his number was a symbol of completeness and perfection.
The very first list of the Seven Wonders of the World was created in the 3rd century before the birth of Jesus. It included the most significant architectural monuments that were created at that time by people. Many miracles of that time have not reached ours.
Pyramids of Giza
The Great Pyramids are an important part that the history of the ancient world cannot do without. The most famous of them was She is recognized as the largest. Therefore, it is difficult to imagine the hellish torment that the slaves experienced during the construction of this wonder of the world. During the construction of the pyramid, a mortar was used, which is still stronger and more durable.
No one can say for sure why these grandiose structures were erected. Previously it was believed that these were the tombs of the rulers of Egypt - the pharaohs, as well as their spouses. But researchers were never able to find the remains of the bodies of these important Egyptians. Until now, this wonder of the world gives rise to many questions and mysteries. And the silent Sphinx continues to protect them.
Babylon
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon are that wonder of the ancient world that has not survived to our times. The gardens were once the most grandiose building in Babylon. Now, not far from Baghdad, you can find what is left of them. But some scientists are willing to argue that those ruins are not a reminder of the world's second greatest wonder.
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon are one of the most romantic gifts not only in the history of the ancient world, but also in human history in general. The Babylonian ruler noticed that his beloved wife Amytis missed her native land. In dusty Babylon there were no those beautiful gardens that they were used to enjoying in childhood. And then, so that his wife would not be sad, he ordered this structure to be erected.
Some believe that this is just a beautiful legend. In the writings of Herodotus there was not a word about the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. But they are described in detail by Berossus. The history of the ancient world holds many mysteries. And this is one of them.
Zeus statue in Olympia
The names of the gods of the ancient world remained known after many centuries. Even now people can talk about the powerful god Zeus. And BC, a new wonder of the world was created, dedicated to this patron of the ancient Greeks.
The appearance of the statue and the temple in which it was located is closely connected with the Olympic Games. When they gained fame and began to attract all kinds of people, it was decided to build a temple dedicated to the father of all gods.
In order to create a statue of Zeus, the famous master Phidias was invited to Athens. From ivory and precious metals, he created a new wonder of the world, the glory of which quickly spread across different lands.
The statue of Zeus from Olympia did not survive to our times. Her troubles began when a Christian who disliked paganism took the throne. For a long time it was believed that the statue did not survive the looting of the temple. Centuries later, the remains of the temple and statue were found. Thanks to these finds, scientists were able to see for themselves and show others this wonder of the ancient world.
Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
Artemis is one of the most famous goddesses of antiquity. She helped women in labor endure pain and was the patroness of hunters. And the residents considered her their protector. For the glory of their goddess, the townspeople decided to erect a temple that would have no equal. They wanted not only to glorify their city, but also to earn the favor of Artemis.
The temple took a very long time to build. The first architect, Kharsifron, did not have time to see his brainchild. His work was continued by his son, and after him by other architects. In the center of the temple was a statue of Artemis. But what took so long to build was destroyed in a short period of time. Herostratus, who madly wanted to become famous, but did not know how to do it, set fire to the temple. If this miracle of architecture were intact now, it would surpass everything that has ever been built by mankind.
Halicarnassus Mausoleum
The Halicarnassus Mausoleum is one of the most luxurious tombs ever invented by man. The mausoleum was named after the formidable and cruel ruler Mausol, who was able to ensure that his lands became rich and strong.
It took a long time to build the mausoleum. It began to be built during the life of Mausolus, but when the ruler died, his tomb was not yet ready. After the death of Mausolus, the mausoleum was supplemented with statues of gods, who guarded the king’s body and did not allow it to be disturbed. In addition to the gods, in the tomb one could see statues of Mausolus himself and his beautiful wife Artemisia.
The mausoleum joined the list of wonders that have not survived to this day. He survived many wars. But over time it was dismantled to build Christian churches.
The Colossus of Rhodes
Rhodes is one of the richest cities, which went down in history as the birthplace of the sixth wonder of the world. The Colossus was the largest structure. He was a tall, strong young man holding a torch above his head. It is in his image and likeness that centuries later will be created
The Colossus of Rhodes is also on the list of wonders of the world that our generation will not see. The young man's legs could not bear his weight. Therefore, during an earthquake, the statue fell into the water. It lay on the coast for about ten centuries. And only then it was decided to melt down the Colossus.
Alexandrian lighthouse
The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World amazed their contemporaries. And people of our time are surprised when they learn about those magnificent creations of the human mind. The Alexandria Lighthouse takes a worthy place on the list.
It was built in a city named after Alexander the Great. Over the centuries, this lighthouse has illuminated the path for many travelers and traders. But this grandiose structure could not survive into our century. Nature itself destroyed him. The lighthouse did not survive the strongest tremors. Only at the end of the last century were scientists able to show what that wonder of the world looked like.
The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World are something that will always attract people's attention. Until now, these human creations are surrounded by mysteries. And it is unlikely that all questions will ever be answered.
7 wonders of the world, as well as a description of each of them - incredible structures that have gained glory of the past and present. The uniqueness of each building is associated with the time of construction, the loss or wealth and talent of the creator. Today there are two lists with photos - ancient wonders of the world and new ones, which were selected in 2007.
7 wonders of the world, photos and descriptions of which will not convey all the beauty of the sights, were designated by two creators. The first mention belongs to the work of Herodotus “History”, where he gives the title of miracle to 3 structures. An addition to this list was highlighted by Antipater in his own poems.
The Pyramid of Cheops
In modern times, one of the seven wonders of the world has been preserved - the Pyramid of Cheops. The date of creation is 4500 years ago. The pyramid is a pharaoh's tomb with corridors filled with traps and dead ends. It was originally covered with white limestone and topped with a gilded pyramidion (a stone often used to decorate the top of tombs).
In the 12th century, during the burning of Cairo, the pyramid was looted, the covering was removed, and the stone was lost. The structure is considered the largest in Egypt. There are three crypts inside the tomb, located one below the other. The King's and Queen's chambers have the appearance of ventilation shafts, which are of a religious nature.
Not all of the 7 wonders of the world have survived to this day. The only existing representative is the Cheops pyramid. Photo and description below.The Egyptians believed that the soul passed through several gates before entering the afterlife. Therefore, the ventilation shaft has several doors. At the end of such a “path” there is a small space with signs painted in red ocher, indicating the entrance to the afterlife itself.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
One of the most mysterious miracles is the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, which were built by King Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife. The creation of this miracle is associated with a romantic story. In the fight against the Assyrians, the kings of Media and Babylon entered into an alliance, strengthened by a marriage between Nebuchadnezzar (king of Babylon) and the daughter of the Median king.
The girl yearned for her native flourishing country, and to make her smile, Nebuchadnezzar ordered the construction of hanging gardens.
But the daughter of the Median king was not called Semiramis. This name belonged to the queen who ruled in Assyria 200 years before. It is mistakenly believed that Semiramis had at least some contact with Nebuchadnezzar. In 126 BC, the miracle was destroyed during strife with the Persians, without even standing for a century.
Temple of Artemis of Ephesus
According to legends, Artemis is the goddess of fertility and prosperity. Thanks to her there was a rich harvest and healthy children. The predecessors of the future wonder of the world were three sanctuaries. After which, at this place, the inhabitants of Ephesus decided to honor the goddess by erecting an incredibly beautiful temple. The architect of the project was Chersifon, and funds for construction were provided by Croesus.
A statue made of ivory and gold was erected in the building itself. For some time, the temple served as a meeting hall for solving important economic and political issues of Ephesus. There is an opinion that in the 4th century BC two grandiose events took place in one night - Herostratus burned the temple, desiring glory, and at the same moment Alexander the Great was born.
It was the king of Macedon who subsequently restored the miracle, making it several feet taller. But 600 years later the temple was plundered by the Goths.
Zeus statue in Olympia
The Olympic Games were originally dedicated to the god Zeus to demonstrate the willpower and body of a person. To further exalt the ruler of the gods, it was decided to build a statue in his honor. The role of sculptor and creator was given to the Athenian Phidias. To confirm this, archaeologists found a bowl that stood in front of the statue with the inscription “Belongs to Phidias.”
According to legend, Zeus was created from 200 kg of gold, a mountain of precious stones and wood using a special technique.
During Christian times, all pagan temples were banned, and internal property was sold for the benefit of the city. There are two versions of the disappearance of the statue of Zeus - during transportation to Constantinople, a fire occurred that destroyed the sculpture. Or it was simply sold due to lack of funds.
mausoleum in Halicarnassus
The Halicarnassus Mausoleum is a monument in honor of the ruler Mausolus, which was supposed to have posthumous significance. However, its construction was started by Mavsol’s wife before her husband’s death. The peculiarity of this building is its unusual style for that time. The mausoleum was made in a square rather than rectangular shape, and also had at least 330 statues.
The foundation of the structure, which was significantly superior to analogues of that time, was also unusual. The miracle stood for almost 2000 years, after which it was damaged during a strong earthquake. Parts of the rubble were used to build the fortress of St. Peter.
Alexandrian lighthouse
The 7 Wonders of the World are largely associated with Alexander the Great. On the way to the Alexandria Bay there were a large number of reefs, which is why ships often crashed, and the Faros lighthouse was of strategic importance. According to the description, construction was supposed to take 20 years, but everything was completed in 12 years. Today you can only see photos of reproductions of that structure.
The structure became huge, as for that time, which is why it was included in the list of seven wonders of the world. Soldiers lived in the lower part of the lighthouse. There was a fire burning in the top cylindrical one.
The wonder of the world was doomed to destruction during the destruction of the Alexandria Bay. The ships did not enter the port, which is why the need for the lighthouse disappeared, and it was empty. About 200 years later, a strong earthquake occurred, which finally destroyed the lighthouse.
The Colossus of Rhodes
The statue of the Colossus of Rhodes was erected in honor of the sun god Helios, who, according to legend, helped win the battle of Rhodes against Demetrius Poliorcetes. Despite all the military might of the Macedonian king, the city withstood the siege and forced the king to retreat. The inhabitants of Rhodes believed that the island itself was born by Helios, so he subsequently defended it.
The sculptor Hares was hired to immortalize the god in the form of a giant statue. According to legend, he was first ordered a figure 10 times the height of a person, but then they doubled the size, paying the same amount. However, more materials were required, so the sculptor had to complete the construction at his own expense.
To date, no reliable image of the statue has survived, since it stood for only 50 years. It was destroyed due to a strong earthquake and was not restored, since the oracle predicted God's wrath to the one who touched the fallen figure of Helios.
New 7 wonders of the world with photos and descriptions
The 7 Wonders of the World (photos and descriptions can be seen later in the article) according to the new version were proclaimed during a 2007 project sponsored by the New Open World Corporation. Elections took place among candidates for the most amazing structures through simple voting through SMS messages and calls. The result was announced in July 2007 in the capital of Portugal.
The winners were:
- Amphitheater Colosseum.
- Protective structure The Great Wall of China.
- Machu Picchu.
- Lost City of Petra (Jordan).
- Taj Mahal Mosque.
- Modern statue of Christ the Redeemer.
- Ruins of ancient civilizations of the city of Chichen Itza.
Another 14 finalists competed for a place among the wonders of the world. The Pyramid of Cheops was among them, but did not participate in the voting, since it is the last surviving wonder of the ancient world.
the great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China was built as a symbol of the unity and power of the country. It was not built from scratch. The kingdoms of Qin, Zhao, Yan and Wei erected borders to protect against attacks by nomads. In the third century BC, Emperor Qin Shihuang issued a decree on the need to build a protective wall, which would be called the Great Wall of China.
The design included all parts of pre-existing kingdoms, which were strengthened and complemented to form a whole image.
Managed the ten-year construction of Meng Tian. The construction was difficult due to the lack of roads and food supplies. The number of people involved in the construction is not known exactly - from 300 thousand to a million.
Most of them died while working. The following ruling dynasties completed the construction of the Great Wall of China. Most of its surviving part was built during the Ming Dynasty.
Statue of Christ the Redeemer
The history of the Brazilian Statue of Christ the Redeemer is connected with the then approaching centenary of the state's independence (1922). In honor of this, a fundraiser was announced for the construction of the statue. As a result of the action, almost 3 million in local currency was collected, including a significant part of the church’s funds. Construction lasted 9 years.
The details of the figure were made in France, as its dimensions were too large. The idea for the sketch of outstretched arms was in association with the cross. By 1931, the entire statue was transported by rail and assembled into a single figure. It was consecrated only 34 years later.
Over time, Christ the Redeemer was repaired and restored, and in recent years, night lighting was added. The first service was held only after the statue was elected as a New Wonder of the World.
Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum that was built in honor of Shah Jahan's wife who died in childbirth. Subsequently, the padishah himself was buried there. Inside the mosque itself are the tombs of the ruler and his wife, but the remains themselves are located on an underground level, hidden from the eyes of visitors.
It is considered a pearl of Muslim culture due to the combination of several movements of architecture: Indian, Persian and Arabic.
Coliseum
Colosseum is translated from Latin as huge or colossal. Made on the principle of an open amphitheater. In the 1st century, Emperor Nero ruled, who adhered to a despotic policy. After his death and a period of civil wars, Vespasian came to power. He wanted to perpetuate his own name, erasing the memory of his unsuccessful predecessor.
Nero's palace at that time was enormous in size and had a lake in the very center of Rome. Vespasian himself remodeled the palace for his own needs, and ordered the reservoir to be filled up and an amphitheater built in its place to entertain the people. During the time of Christianity, the Colosseum lost its urgent need, and with the invasion of barbarians in the same century it began to collapse.
The biggest changes came with an earthquake in 1349. After this, the broken parts began to be used to build new buildings. Subsequently, the stones that did not fall off during the earthquake began to be taken away.
Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu is called the city among the clouds, as it is located high in the mountains. It is considered the site of the existence of the Inca civilization until the arrival of the Spanish conquerors. Was the imperial residence, the third largest for the glorification of the name.
However, Machu Picchu could not be called a major city at that time. There are no more than 200 buildings within its boundaries. For a long time the city was lost. It was discovered 400 years after the conquest.
Petra
Petra is the oldest city of the Nabateans, which was carved into the city. It was located at a strategically important intersection of trade routes. This is what brought Petra a lot of income for a long time. After Rome opened the eastern sea route, the intersection of routes disappeared, as a result of which the city itself gradually became impoverished and ruined.
It has not yet been fully explored, since an incorrect movement could lead to the destruction of the entire wonder of the world. Today it is a center of pilgrimage.
Chichen Itza
Chichen Itza is the center of the ancient Mayan civilization in the first part and the Taltec civilization in the second. In the 11th century, the city became the capital of the Taltec state. During the wars of one people with another, it was destroyed to ruins. By the time of the Spanish invasions, the city was completely deserted, having lost any influence on neighboring regions.
Some settlements of local residents were located near Chichen Itza, but no one lived in the area itself. The Indians considered this city to be the center of pilgrimage journeys. It has not been fully explored, as it has a huge number of underground labyrinths and traps.
Among the ruins of this city, the remains of a skull with trepanation were found - a complex modern surgical operation, which indicates a high medical level of civilizations.
7 natural wonders of the world from CNN
7 Wonders of the World (photos and descriptions compiled according to CNN) are associated with natural phenomena:
7 new wonders of nature with photos and descriptions
The 7 wonders of the world (photos and descriptions of each can be seen in the article) in natural terms have existed for a long time.
Therefore, a project about new miracles was put together:
The eighth wonder of the world
07/07/07 (July 7, 2007) 7 new wonders of the world were selected, but the Pyramids of Giza were not included. This happened because they are already on the list of 7 ancient wonders of the world, but the people of Egypt believe that their Pyramids do not need any voting and are a miracle in themselves.
The Pyramids of Giza are a complex of several ancient monuments, namely the Pyramids of Cheops, Menkaouar and Khafre.
They are located in the suburbs of Cairo and were created around the XXVI - XXIII centuries. BC. They are the unrecognized eighth wonder of the world.
Other wonders of the world
During the determination of the modern wonders of the world, 20 applicants were selected, of which 7 were selected:
| Wonder of the world | Description |
| Eiffel Tower | One of the most recognizable buildings in the world, located in the city of love - Paris, its height is 324 meters. The tower was designed in 1887 by Gustave Eiffel. The total weight of the structure is 10 thousand tons. |
| Angkor | Previously, it was a city in the Khemer Empire, and has survived to this day in the form of numerous ruins. Recognized as a World Heritage Site. |
| Athens Acropolis | The Acropolis is located on a hill approximately 160 meters high and is a complex of buildings and temples. It was built before the classical era of Athens. |
| Sydney Opera House | Perhaps one of the most recognizable musical theaters in the world, it is also a symbol of Australia. It was recognized as an outstanding architectural structure. |
| Statue of Liberty | One of the most famous and recognizable buildings in the world, a symbol of US freedom, is located in New York. Its height is 93 meters. The statue is made of 3 components - copper, steel and concrete. The total weight of the entire structure is approximately 27,156 tons, including the base. |
| Neuschwanstein | A romantic castle located in Germany. For its construction, the rock was undermined by order of Ludwig II. |
| Timbuktu | An entire city located in Mali. The population of this city is 33 thousand people and there are 3 of the oldest mosques in West Africa. |
| Kremlin | The fortified city is located in Moscow. The main socio-political complex of modern Russia. The height of the walls ranges from 5 to 20 meters, and the width is approximately 4.5 meters. |
| Moai | Huge stone statues, weighing up to 80 tons, are located on Easter Island. There is still debate about exactly how they were delivered and for what purpose. |
| Alhambra | Architectural park ensemble, located in Granada, Spain. Many consider the Alhambra to be the most beautiful building of Moorish art. Now it is a museum. |
| Hagia Sophia | Hagia Sophia, which for thousands of years was one of the largest in the world. It is a symbol of the golden age in Byzantium. The building was both a cathedral and a mosque, however, at the moment it is a museum. |
| Kiyomizu-dera | One of the most famous Buddhist temples in Japan, located in Kyoto. There is a waterfall on its territory, and it itself is surrounded by green forest. |
| Stonehenge | A World Heritage whose purpose has not yet been revealed. It is made of large stone blocks set in a circle. |
The 7 Wonders of the World are known for their distinctiveness and uniqueness. The buildings brought something new to culture or religion, this made it possible to learn the historical description of that time. The photos very clearly convey the majesty of each of them.
Article format: Lozinsky Oleg
Video about 7 wonders of the world
List of all seven wonders of the world and their features:
Everyone has definitely heard about the legendary 7 wonders of the world - the greatest creations of mankind - in childhood, even if not everyone can remember them in order. And although most of the monuments from the history textbook will no longer be able to be seen, people have managed to create many other, alternative ones to the delight of tourists. Together with a service for selecting cheap air tickets, we have prepared for you a list of outstanding attractions that have survived to this day.
The list of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World includes the most famous art monuments of the Ancient World. For their beauty, uniqueness and technical complexity they received the “title” of miracles. The list has changed over time, but the number of miracles included in it has remained unchanged.
The Pyramid of Cheops- the most ancient, the first wonder of the world and the only one that has survived to this day. Part of the pyramid complex in Giza - the main attraction of Egypt. The Pyramid of Cheops is the largest pyramid in Egypt. Previously, its height was about 146 meters, and today it is approximately 138 meters. The date of construction begins is somewhere around 2600 BC, although this is imprecise and disputed by many scholars. You can get inside the artificial mountain through a natural entrance, located at an altitude of about 15 meters, or through an artificial one, which was made in 820.
The legendary Babylonian Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the second wonder of the world, supposedly existed from the end of the 7th century BC to the 1st century BC. Unfortunately, this amazing architectural structure has not survived to this day, but the memory of it is still preserved. According to legend, the unique Hanging Gardens were a beautiful declaration of the feelings of King Nebuchadnezzar II to his wife Amytis. The attraction is located not far from Baghdad, and today its stone ruins can only impress an ordinary tourist with its scale. However, history shows that the structure was one of the most beautiful creations of mankind.
Temple statue of Zeus at Olympia, reaching a height of about 12-17 meters together with the pedestal, was made of ivory, ebony and gold, stood for about nine centuries: from 432 BC to the 5th century, and, unfortunately, burned down in a fire. The statue of Zeus at Olympia was created by the Greek sculptor Phidias in what is now Greece. This place was not chosen by chance - it was in Olympia, in the Temple of Zeus, that the Olympic Games were held annually.
Temple of Artemis at Ephesus was built in the Greek city of Ephesus in what is now Turkey in the 5th century BC. A distinctive feature of the temple from other ancient wonders of the world is that it was partially preserved - the ruins of the temple still stand to this day. According to ancient Greek belief, Artemis was the goddess of hunting and fertility, the patroness of all life on earth.
The fifth wonder of the world is mausoleum in Halicarnassus. If you want to visit this historical area, go to the Turkish resort town of Bodrum. It was there that scientists discovered the ruins of the wonder of the world - the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. The building was a ziggurat, that is, at the same time a tomb, a sanctuary, and a monument. It should be noted that the name “mausoleum” comes from the name of the powerful and cruel ruler of Caria - Mausolus. The mausoleum was destroyed by an earthquake and then partially dismantled for building materials.
Earthquakes caused the death of two more ancient wonders: the bronze statue of the Colossus on the island of Rhodes (lasted only 65 years, destroyed in the same 3rd century BC) and the Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt (the seventh wonder of the world, collapsed in the 14th century).
New seven wonders of the world
The list of new wonders of the world was specially created by the non-profit foundation The New 7 Wonders of the world based on international voting. The selection of the new seven wonders of the world from famous architectural structures of the world took place via SMS, telephone or Internet. In total, more than 100 million people around the world took part in the selection of new wonders of the world. The result was announced on July 7, 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal.
The great Wall of China. The largest architectural monument, passing through China for 8851.8 kilometers. In terms of the grandeur of its structure, the Great Wall of China has no equal in the history of world architecture. From its highest points you can admire the breathtaking panorama. For a long time there was a myth that the Great Wall is the only structure that can be seen from space. However, this turned out to be just a delusion. When American astronauts said they could not detect it from space, many in China attributed this to the fact that the astronauts were foreigners. But later, both the first Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei and other Chinese astronauts confirmed the disappointing observations of the Americans.
The most popular sections of the wall are located in relative proximity to Beijing. You can get to them directly from Beijing airport - take the subway and go to Dongzhimen station. From there, on weekends at 07.00 and 08.30, bus No. 867 leaves for the wall. It spends 2-2.5 hours on the road and leaves back to Beijing at 14.00 and 16.00. In addition, bus No. 877 to Badaling departs from the capital's Deshengmen Bus Station at 06.00 am. You can also get here by taking the Beijing Tourist Hub tourist bus, which runs from the southern part of Tiananmen Square. A ticket costs 100 yuan, which is approximately 5,343 tenge, children under 120 centimeters tall travel for free.
As with all attractions in Rome, the queue for the Colosseum often exceeds even your wildest expectations. However, there are a few tricks here that will help you avoid it. A guaranteed trick is to buy a single entrance ticket to the Colosseum + Palatine + Roman Forum for 12 euros, which is valid for 2 days. Every half hour there are organized tours of the Colosseum in major European languages. Cost - 6 euros per person. The guides are all with historical and archaeological education, and you can learn a lot of interesting things.
The Colosseum opens at 09.00 and closes, depending on the season, an hour before sunset. From March 30 to August 31, the Colosseum closes at 19.15, from September 1 to 30 - at 19.00, from October 1 to 30 - at 18.30, from October 31 to February 15 - at 16.30, from February 16 to March 15 - at 17.00.
One of the most famous statues in the world and definitely the most recognizable in Brazil is. Installed on Mount Corcovado at an altitude of more than 700 meters, she looks at the huge city below her with outstretched arms in a gesture of blessing. The Christ statue in Rio de Janeiro, due to its fame, attracts millions of tourists to Mount Corcovado. From its height there is a beautiful view of the city of ten million with its bays, beaches, and the Maracana stadium.
Lost in the desert in Jordan Petra - the capital of the ancient kingdoms of Idumea and Nabatea - opened to Europeans only in the 19th century. The main attractions of Petra, the “city of stone”, are the crypts carved into the red sandstone rocks and the rock temple of El Deir.
By Bus: Jett operates daily bus services from Amman to Petra from Abdali Bus Station. Departure is at 06.30, travel time is about 3.5 hours, ticket price is 11 dinars, which is approximately 5,705 tenge one way. The return bus from Petra leaves at 17.00.
By minibus: a minibus ride from Wadi Rum will take about 1.5 hours and cost 7 dinars (3,000 tenge). The minibus usually leaves at 08.30, but the schedule can be changed at any day. Therefore, you need to agree in advance. Minibus taxis from Amman depart from the Wihdat bus station. The journey takes about 3 hours, the ticket price is 5 dinars (2,751 tenge). In some cases, the driver may ask to pay separately for luggage.
By taxi: taxis, although more expensive, are much more comfortable. A trip from Amman to Petra and back will cost approximately 75-85 dinars (40,000-45,000 tenge), including waiting for the driver. Travel from Aqaba - 55 dinars one way, approximately 28,631 tenge. On the road from Petra to Aqaba, you can visit the Wadi Rum desert to enjoy unique landscapes that are not similar to anywhere else on the planet.
Important! You should always agree on the cost of the trip in advance; if you want, you can save a lot of money by haggling with the driver or finding travel companions and sharing all the costs with them.
The pearl of Muslim architectural art in India - mausoleum-mosque of the Taj Mahal in Agra, built in the 17th century by the will of the padishah Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died in childbirth. It is not surprising that today the Taj Mahal is considered not just an outstanding architectural and spiritual monument, but also a symbol of love. Every year, the marble complex becomes a place of pilgrimage for millions of people from all over the world.
The Taj Mahal is located in the city of Agra (200 kilometers from Delhi). You can get there by any train that goes to Kolkata, Mumbai and Gwalior (all of them go through Agra), the travel time is 2-3 hours. From Agra to the mausoleum - by rickshaw or taxi.
Opening hours: the mausoleum is open daily, except Sunday, during daylight hours.
Entrance: for foreigners - 1,000 rupees (4,952 tenge) for Indian citizens - 650 rupees (3,301 tenge).
Lost Incan City of Machu Picchu located in modern Peru. This sixth new wonder of the world was created as a sacred mountain refuge when the Incas ruled Pachacutec - in the mid-15th century. However, the high mountain city remained inhabited for less than a century - until the invasion of the Spaniards, who, however, never reached it. The worldwide discovery of the Incan “city among the clouds” occurred only in 1911. Many mysteries of Machu Picchu remain unsolved; they still haunt researchers.