The presence of disputed border territories of England. All disputed territories of the world (1 photo)

On September 28, 1939, the Treaty of Friendship and Border between the USSR and Germany was signed. It was signed by German Foreign Minister Ribbentrop and People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR Molotov. We decided to talk about the five disputed territories of Russia with other states.

The treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union was concluded on September 28, 1939. It was signed after the invasion of Poland by the armies of Germany and the USSR by German Foreign Minister Ribbentrop and People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR Molotov. According to this agreement, the territory of Poland was divided between Germany and the USSR. The text of the treaty and a map with the border line between the USSR and Germany were published in the Soviet press. Under this treaty, Lithuania passed into the sphere of influence of the USSR. This provided the Soviet Union with German non-intervention in relations with Lithuania, which resulted in the establishment of the Lithuanian SSR on June 15, 1940.

DISPUTE ISLANDS

The Kuril Islands include 30 large and many small islands. They are part of the Sakhalin region of Russia and are of great military-strategic and economic importance. However, the southern islands of the archipelago - Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan and the Habomai group - are disputed by Japan, which includes them in the Hokkaido prefecture.

Moscow's principled position is that the southern Kuril Islands became part of the USSR, of which Russia became the legal successor, and are an integral part of the territory of the Russian Federation on legal grounds following the results of the Second World War, enshrined in the UN Charter, and Russian sovereignty over them, which has an appropriate international legal confirmation, no doubt.

In Japan, they say that the northern territories are the centuries-old territories of this country, which continue to be under the illegal occupation of Russia. According to the Japanese position, in the event that the northern territories belong to Japan, it is ready to flexibly approach the time and procedure for their return. In addition, since the Japanese citizens living in the northern territories were forcibly evicted by Joseph Stalin, Japan is ready to come to an agreement with the Russian government so that the Russian citizens living there will not suffer the same tragedy. In other words, after the return of the islands to Japan, she intends to respect the rights, interests and desires of the Russians now living on the islands.

TAKEN ONE AND A HALF ISLANDS

The problem of the disputed islands of Tarabarov and Bolshoi Ussuriysky arose in 1964, when a new draft agreement on the border between Russia and China was developed. And the story was like this. In 1689, the Treaty of Nerchinsk was concluded, when Russia recognized China's rights to lands on the right bank of the Amur and in Primorye. In the middle of the 19th century, taking advantage of the weakness of China, Russia annexed 165.9 thousand square kilometers of Primorye, which were under joint control. China was left without access to the Sea of ​​Japan. During World War II, between Stalin and the commander-in-chief of the PLA Mao Zedong, who controlled the northern regions of China, an agreement was concluded on drawing the border line along the Chinese bank of the Amur and Ussuri rivers. Thus, China was actually deprived of the right to use the fairway of these rivers, but received support from the USSR.

In 2004, an agreement was signed between Russia and China on the Russian-Chinese state border on its eastern part. The document defines the border in two sections: in the area of ​​Bolshoy Island in the upper reaches of the Argun River (Chita Region) and in the area of ​​the Tarabarov and Bolshoy Ussuriysky Islands at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri Rivers near Khabarovsk. Tarabarov is completely given to China, and Ussuriysky is only partially. The border line, according to the document, runs both along the middle of the rivers and on land. The territory of both sites (about 375 sq. km) is distributed approximately in half.

WANTED TO CUT OFF A PIECE

Estonia lays claim to the Pechora district of the Pskov region and the right bank of the Narva River with Ivangorod. On May 18, 2005, the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Russia and Estonia, Sergey Lavrov and Urmas Paet, signed agreements on the state border and delimitation of maritime spaces in the Narva and Gulf of Finland, fixing the passage of the state border between the two states along the former administrative border between the RSFSR and the Estonian SSR "with a slight adjustment on the conditions adequate territorial compensation”. One of the main subjects of negotiations on the Russian-Estonian border is the Saatse boot. It was planned to transfer it to Estonia, exchanging it for other territories. The agreement was not ratified by Russia, due to the amendments made to it by the Estonian side.

FISH WAR

For almost half a century, Russia has been waging an undeclared fish war with Norway. Most of the fighting takes place on the territory of the famous "twilight zone" in the Barents Sea. This is a disputed body of water the size of half Germany or Italy, two-thirds of the UK.

The essence of the dispute boils down to the fact that Russia drew the border along the coast of the island of Svalbard, Norway believed that the border should be equidistant from Svalbard on the one hand and Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya on the other. Since the states were on friendly terms, the dispute over the border rarely resulted in any actions, and occasionally there were detentions of Russian fishing boats. However, in the future, the dispute escalated, since hydrocarbon reserves were discovered in the Barents Sea, including in the disputed territories. In April 2010, the parties agreed that the new delimitation line would divide the disputed territory into two equal parts, the 40-year-old dispute was finally settled on September 15, 2010 after the signing of the agreement "On the delimitation of maritime spaces and cooperation in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean" transfer of 90 thousand sq. m. km. in favor of Norway.

CRIMEA - A TERRITORY OF DISPUTES

For many years, disputes around perhaps the most beautiful and favorite vacation spot of the Soviet people have not subsided. Crimea is not only an "all-Union health resort", but also a strategic territory.

In 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed, relations between Ukraine and Russia deteriorated. The people living in Russia, after the loss of so many territories, remembered the Crimea, which could be returned, because. transferring it to Ukraine in 1954 was disapproved by many. At the same time, 80 percent of Crimean residents said they consider themselves citizens of Russia, and Crimea is part of its territory. But Ukraine had one very significant lever of pressure on Russia - the Black Sea Fleet. In January 1992, the then President of Ukraine L. Kravchuk announced that he had taken the Black Sea Fleet under his guardianship. It was a collapse for Russia. But the transfer of Crimea to Ukraine is a very huge loss for Russia.

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28 SEPTEMBER,

On September 28, 1939, the Treaty of Friendship and Border between the USSR and Germany was signed. It was signed by German Foreign Minister Ribbentrop and People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR Molotov. We decided to talk about the five disputed territories of Russia with other states.

The treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union was concluded on September 28, 1939. It was signed after the invasion of Poland by the armies of Germany and the USSR by German Foreign Minister Ribbentrop and People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR Molotov. According to this agreement, the territory of Poland was divided between Germany and the USSR. The text of the treaty and a map with the border line between the USSR and Germany were published in the Soviet press. Under this treaty, Lithuania passed into the sphere of influence of the USSR. This provided the Soviet Union with German non-intervention in relations with Lithuania, which resulted in the establishment of the Lithuanian SSR on June 15, 1940.

DISPUTE ISLANDS

The Kuril Islands include 30 large and many small islands. They are part of the Sakhalin region of Russia and are of great military-strategic and economic importance. However, the southern islands of the archipelago - Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan and the Habomai group - are disputed by Japan, which includes them in the Hokkaido prefecture.

Moscow's principled position is that the southern Kuril Islands became part of the USSR, of which Russia became the legal successor, and are an integral part of the territory of the Russian Federation on legal grounds following the results of the Second World War, enshrined in the UN Charter, and Russian sovereignty over them, which has an appropriate international legal confirmation, no doubt.

In Japan, they say that the northern territories are the centuries-old territories of this country, which continue to be under the illegal occupation of Russia. According to the Japanese position, in the event that the northern territories belong to Japan, it is ready to flexibly approach the time and procedure for their return. In addition, since the Japanese citizens living in the northern territories were forcibly evicted by Joseph Stalin, Japan is ready to come to an agreement with the Russian government so that the Russian citizens living there will not suffer the same tragedy. In other words, after the return of the islands to Japan, she intends to respect the rights, interests and desires of the Russians now living on the islands.

TAKEN ONE AND A HALF ISLANDS

The problem of the disputed islands of Tarabarov and Bolshoi Ussuriysky arose in 1964, when a new draft agreement on the border between Russia and China was developed. And the story was like this. In 1689, the Treaty of Nerchinsk was concluded, when Russia recognized China's rights to lands on the right bank of the Amur and in Primorye. In the middle of the 19th century, taking advantage of the weakness of China, Russia annexed 165.9 thousand square kilometers of Primorye, which were under joint control. China was left without access to the Sea of ​​Japan. During World War II, between Stalin and the commander-in-chief of the PLA Mao Zedong, who controlled the northern regions of China, an agreement was concluded on drawing the border line along the Chinese bank of the Amur and Ussuri rivers. Thus, China was actually deprived of the right to use the fairway of these rivers, but received support from the USSR.

In 2004, an agreement was signed between Russia and China on the Russian-Chinese state border on its eastern part. The document defines the border in two sections: in the area of ​​Bolshoy Island in the upper reaches of the Argun River (Chita Region) and in the area of ​​the Tarabarov and Bolshoy Ussuriysky Islands at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri Rivers near Khabarovsk. Tarabarov is completely given to China, and Ussuriysky is only partially. The border line, according to the document, runs both along the middle of the rivers and on land. The territory of both sites (about 375 sq. km) is distributed approximately in half.

WANTED TO CUT OFF A PIECE

Estonia lays claim to the Pechora district of the Pskov region and the right bank of the Narva River with Ivangorod. On May 18, 2005, the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Russia and Estonia, Sergey Lavrov and Urmas Paet, signed agreements on the state border and delimitation of maritime spaces in the Narva and Gulf of Finland, fixing the passage of the state border between the two states along the former administrative border between the RSFSR and the Estonian SSR "with a slight adjustment on the conditions adequate territorial compensation”. One of the main subjects of negotiations on the Russian-Estonian border is the Saatse boot. It was planned to transfer it to Estonia, exchanging it for other territories. The agreement was not ratified by Russia, due to the amendments made to it by the Estonian side.

FISH WAR

For almost half a century, Russia has been waging an undeclared fish war with Norway. Most of the fighting takes place on the territory of the famous "twilight zone" in the Barents Sea. This is a disputed body of water the size of half Germany or Italy, two-thirds of the UK.

The essence of the dispute boils down to the fact that Russia drew the border along the coast of the island of Svalbard, Norway believed that the border should be equidistant from Svalbard on the one hand and Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya on the other. Since the states were on friendly terms, the dispute over the border rarely resulted in any actions, and occasionally there were detentions of Russian fishing boats. However, in the future, the dispute escalated, since hydrocarbon reserves were discovered in the Barents Sea, including in the disputed territories. In April 2010, the parties agreed that the new delimitation line would divide the disputed territory into two equal parts, the 40-year-old dispute was finally settled on September 15, 2010 after the signing of the agreement "On the delimitation of maritime spaces and cooperation in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean" transfer of 90 thousand sq. m. km. in favor of Norway.

CRIMEA - A TERRITORY OF DISPUTES

For many years, disputes around perhaps the most beautiful and favorite vacation spot of the Soviet people have not subsided. Crimea is not only an "all-Union health resort", but also a strategic territory.

In 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed, relations between Ukraine and Russia deteriorated. The people living in Russia, after the loss of so many territories, remembered the Crimea, which could be returned, because. transferring it to Ukraine in 1954 was disapproved by many. At the same time, 80 percent of Crimean residents said they consider themselves citizens of Russia, and Crimea is part of its territory. But Ukraine had one very significant lever of pressure on Russia - the Black Sea Fleet. In January 1992, the then President of Ukraine L. Kravchuk announced that he had taken the Black Sea Fleet under his guardianship. It was a collapse for Russia. But the transfer of Crimea to Ukraine is a very huge loss for Russia.

List of territories about which there are disputes and whose sovereignty is in question. This category contains information about territories that do not independently claim the status of a separate sovereign state, and disputes between recognized and partially recognized states are considered as disputes between recognized states.
EUROPE
1. Lake Constance - a latent conflict about the ownership of the lake between Austria, Germany and Switzerland.
2. Veliki Shkolzh and Mali Shkolzh - controlled by Croatia, disputed by Bosnia and Herzegovina.
3. Top of Mont Blanc - a dispute about the ownership of the peak between France and Italy.
4. Military complex near Sveta Gera, in the region of Žumberak - administered by Slovenia, contested by Croatia.
5. Gibraltar - Spain claims that the territory belongs to her under the Treaty of Utrecht. Managed by the UK.
6. Piran Bay - a long dispute between Slovenia and Croatia.
7.Ivangorod and Pechersky district - Russia recognized them as part of Estonia under the Tartu Treaty of 1920. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the region remained with Russia. Formally, Estonia has no claims in this area.
8. Imia or Kardak is part of the Aegean dispute between Greece and Turkey.
9. Carlingford Lough - border dispute between Ireland and the UK.
10. Loch Foyle - a border dispute between Ireland and Great Britain.
11. The settlements of Vasilevka, Dorotskoye, Kochiery, Koshnitsa, Novaya Molovata, Pogrebya, Pyryta, Kopanka and part of the city of Bendery (village Varnitsa) - controlled by Moldova, disputed by the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
12. The area around the peak of Montmalus - between Andorra and Spain.
13.Olivensa - administered by Spain, disputed by Portugal.
14. Vukovar Island - controlled by Croatia, disputed by Serbia.
15. Tuzla Island and the Kerch Strait - disputed by Ukraine from Russia since 2003.
16. Sherengrad Island - during the existence of Yugoslavia, it was part of Croatia. During the war, it was controlled by the armed forces of the Serbian Krajina. Came under Serbian administration after the war, disputed by Croatia.
17. Isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain - Spain claims that the UK illegally occupies the territory because it was not included in the Treaty of Utrecht.
18. Prevlaka - controlled by Croatia, disputed by Montenegro.
19. Regions of the Danube, parts of the regions of Osijek and Sombor - a dispute between Croatia and Serbia.
20.Sarych - controlled by Ukraine, disputed by Russia. The conflict is based on the division of the Black Sea Fleet and the lease agreement for Sevastopol facilities.
21. Sastavsi - administered by Serbia, disputed by Bosnia and Herzegovina.
22. Northern Kosovo - under local government and controlled by KFOR, disputed by the Republic of Kosovo and Serbia.
23. Rockall Rock - administered by the UK, disputed by Ireland, Denmark (Faroe Islands) and Iceland.
24. The mouth of the Ems and the western part of the Gulf of Dollars - a dispute between the Netherlands and Germany.
25. Aegean dispute - a wide range of contentious issues about the ownership of national airspace, territorial waters and the exclusive economic zone between Greece and Turkey.
ASIA AND OCEANIA
1. Aasal, Al-Qaa, Al-Qasr, Deir Al-Aashayer, Kfar Kouk and Tufail is a disputed territory between Lebanon and Syria.
2. "Point 20", a small piece of land reclaimed from the sea in Singapore - Malaysia claims that it is in its territorial waters.
3. Abu Musa - controlled by Iran, disputed by the United Arab Emirates.
4. Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yukhara, Askipara, Bakkhudarli and Yaradullu - controlled by Armenia after the Nagorno-Karabakh war.
5. Aksai Chin - controlled by China, disputed by India.
6.Albert Mayer - Administered by Tonga, disputed by New Zealand
7. The enclaves of Bhutan in Tibet (Cherkip Gompa, Dungmar, Gesur, Gezon, Itse Gompa, Khochar, Nyanri, Ringang, Sanmar, Tarchen and Zufilfuk) - controlled by China, disputed by Bhutan.
8. Artsvashen/Bashkend is an exclave of the Gegharkunik region of Armenia, held by Azerbaijan after the Nagorno-Karabakh war.
9. Beveridge - controlled by Tonga, disputed by Niue (associated with New Zealand state)
10. Big Tomb and Small Tomb - controlled by Iran, disputed by the United Arab Emirates.
11. Boraibari - controlled by Bangladesh, disputed by India.
12. Gilgit-Baltistan - administered by Pakistan, disputed by India.
13. Golan Heights - Syrian territory captured by Israel in 1967 and annexed by Israel in 1981.
14. The Bakdu Mountains is a disputed territory between North Korea and China, which is also claimed by Taiwan and South Korea.
15.Daihata-Dumabari - administered by India, disputed by Bangladesh.
16. Demchok, Chumar, Kaurik, Shipki Pass, Jadh and Lapfal are disputed areas located between Aksai Chin and Nepal, controlled by India but disputed by China and Taiwan. Demchok controls China.
17. Jammu and Kashmir - divided between Pakistan, India and China, disputed by India and Pakistan.
18. Doi Lang - controlled by Burma, disputed by Thailand.
19. Isfara Valley - administered by Kyrgyzstan, disputed by Tajikistan.
20. Shaksgam Valley - administered by China, disputed by India.
21.Indo-Bangladeshi Enclaves - There are 103 Indian enclaves inside the main body of Bangladesh while there are 71 Bangladeshi enclaves inside the main body of India. In 1974 Bangladesh approved a proposed treaty to exchange all the enclaves in each other's territories, but India never ratified it.
22. Karang Unarang is a disputed territory between Indonesia and Malaysia.
23.Korean Peninsula - Northern and Southern Territories claim each other's territory as their own.
24. Kula Kngri and mountainous areas west of this peak, western Haa region - administered by China, disputed by Bhutan.
25. Siachin Glacier and Saltoro Region - Captured by India in 1984, disputed by Pakistan.
26. Durand Line - tribal territory partly administered by Pakistan and Afghanistan, Afghanistan claims all land inhabited by Pashtuns.
27. Lifitila - controlled by India, disputed by Bangladesh.
28. Minerva - ruled by Tonga, disputed by Fiji
29. The monastery complex of David Gereji is a border dispute between Georgia and Azerbaijan.
30.Small parts of the Oecussi region - administered by East Timor, disputed by Indonesia.
31. Some islands on the Naf River are disputed between Bangladesh and Burma.
32. Several areas in the Ferghana Valley are disputed between Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan.
33.Niloson (Lancaster) - disputed by France (French Polynesia)
34. Oaruh and Umm Al-Maradim - Administered by Kuwait, contested by Saudi Arabia.
35. Kalapani region, Sasta river dispute, Antudanda and Nawalparasi - administered by India, contested by Nepal.
36. The Prachinburi area is disputed between Thailand and Cambodia.
37. Renaissance Island (now a peninsula) is a disputed territory between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
38. Swains Island - US-ruled, contested by Takelau, which is dependent on New Zealand, which also does not recognize US sovereignty over the island.
39. Hawar Island - administered by Bahrain, disputed by Qatar
40. South Talpatti or New Moore Island, the island that appeared and disappeared, over which there was a dispute between India and Bangladesh from the 1970s to the 2000s, still affects the uncertainty of the maritime border.
41. Torres Strait Islands between Australia's Cape York Peninsula and New Guinea - Administered by Australia, contested by Papua New Guinea
42. Macclesfield Islands - Administered by China, contested by Taiwan and Vietnam.
43. Matvey and Hunter Islands - disputed between Vanuatu and France.
44. Senkaku Islands (Daoyu) - administered by Japan, disputed by China and Taiwan.
45. The Spratly Islands are disputed between China, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei.
46. ​​Islands Ukatny, Rigid and disputed island of Little Pearl - controlled by Russia, disputed by Kazakhstan.
47. Khuriya Islands Miraya - Administered by Oman, disputed by Yemen.
48. Paracel Islands - fully controlled by China, disputed by Taiwan and Vietnam.
49. The pass of three pagodas is disputed between Burma and Thailand.
50.Pirdivah - administered by India, disputed by Bangladesh.
51. Border dispute between Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
52. Pratas - controlled by China, disputed by Taiwan.
53. Pulau Batek - transferred by Timor to Indonesia as compensation in 2004.
54. Various territories: Dac Jerman, Dac Dang, the La Drank zone, the islands of Bae, Milyu, Eyu, Peak, and Northern Piratis are disputed between Vietnam and Cambodia.
55. Muharaja River Island - controlled by India but disputed by Bangladesh.
56. Minerva Reefs - controlled by Tonga, but claimed by Fiji.
57. Sabah (North Barneo) - controlled by Malaysia. The Philippines retains claims to Sabah on the grounds that it is a historical part of the Sultanate of Sulu, whose successor is the Philippines.
58. Gaza Strip - controlled by Hamas, disputed by the Palestinian National Authority, formed from representatives of Fatah
59. The village of Perevi - in Soviet times, it was partly part of the South Ossetian Autonomous Region, on the basis of which part of the village (the so-called Maly Perev) is considered by the authorities of South Ossetia the territory of the republic. The reason for the disputed status is the impossibility of access to the Georgian part of the village, bypassing the South Ossetian one. In 2008-2010 Perevi was completely controlled by Russia. Since 2010, it has been transferred under the control of Georgia (including Maly Perev).
60. The village of Aibga in the Gagra district of Abkhazia with the adjacent territory (160 sq. km) is disputed by Russia as part of the single village of Aibga, divided in Soviet times by the administrative border along the Psou River between the RSFSR and the Georgian SSR. Controlled by Abkhazia.
61. Liancourt Rocks - Administered by South Korea, disputed by Japan.
62. Scarborough - administered by China, disputed by the Philippines and Taiwan.
63. Sir Creek - small swampy land disputed between India and Pakistan.
64. Thewa-i-Ra (ex. Conway) - controlled by Fiji, disputed by France (New Caledonia)
65.Tuva - ruled by Russia, disputed by Taiwan
66. Wake - Administered by the US, contested by the Marshall Islands.
67.Fasht Ad-Dibal and Kitat Jaradeh are disputed between Bahrain and Qatar, not included in the 2001 Judgments of the International Court of Justice during the division.
68. Shabaa Farms is a disputed territory between Israel and Syria, which is also claimed by Lebanon.
69. Jiandao - administered by China, contested by Taiwan, North Korea and South Korea.
70. Part of the Poipet commune - administered by Thailand, disputed by Kombodia.
71.Part of Akrotiri Sovereign Base - UK controlled, disputed by Cyprus.
72.Part of Dakelia Sovereign Base - UK-administered, disputed by Cyprus.
73. Shatt al-Arab is a disputed territory between Iraq and Iran.
74. South Kuril Islands - administered by Russia, disputed by Japan.
75. Southern Tibet - Administered by India, but contested by China and Taiwan, which do not recognize the legitimacy of the McMahon line.
AFRICA
1. Abyei - Both Sudan and South Sudan claim the area, but control Sudan after the independence of South Sudan since 2011.
2.Bakassi - the area was transferred to Cameroon by Nigeria by decision of the International Court of Justice and the conclusion of the Greentree Agreement.
3. Bank du Geyser - France claims that the islands are part of the group of islands in the Indian Ocean within the French Southern and Antarctic lands. Disputed by Madagascar and the Comoros.
4.Basas da India, the island of Europe and the island of Juan de Nova - de facto part of the French Southern and Antarctic lands, disputed by Madagascar.
5. Bure - administered by Ethiopia, disputed by Eritrea.
6. The Caprivi strip is a disputed territory between Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
7. Ceuta - ruled by Spain, disputed by Morocco.
8. The Chagos Archipelago - Great Britain administers the archipelago within the British Indian Ocean Territory. Disputed by Mauritius and the Seychelles.
9. Part of Gikumbi District, Northern Province - administered by Rwanda, contested by Uganda.
10. Gloriose Islands - de facto part of the French Southern and Antarctic lands, disputed by Madagascar, Seychelles and Comoros.
11. The Halaiba Triangle - was previously under the joint control of Egypt and Sudan. Egypt now claims full control.
12. Heglig - claimed by both Sudan and South Sudan, controlled by South Sudan, internationally recognized as part of Sudan.
13. Ilemi Triangle - administered by Kenya, disputed by South Sudan.
14.Islas Chafarinas - administered by Spain, disputed by Morocco.
15. Jodha - claimed by both Sudan and South Sudan, controlled by South Sudan.
16. Part of the Kabale area - administered by Uganda, disputed by Rwanda.
17. Kafiya Kingi - claimed by both Sudan and South Sudan, controlled by South Sudan.
18. Kaka - claimed by both Sudan and South Sudan, controlled by South Sudan.
19. Ka-Ngwane - controlled by South Africa. Swaziland claims that the territory was confiscated during the colonial wars.
20. Part of the Kahemba region is a disputed area between Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The countries agreed to end the dispute in July 2007, but the issue has not been fully resolved.
21. The village of Koualou is disputed between Benin and Burkina Faso.
22. Village of Kpeaba - Guinean troops have occupied the village since January 2013, but de jure belongs to Côte d'Ivoire.
23. Moyo District, an area near Logoba - disputed between South Sudan and Uganda.
24. Lanchinda-Pweto Province - administered by Zambia, disputed by the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
25. Islands in Mbamba Bay and Lake Nyasa - controlled by Tanzania, disputed by Malawi on the basis of the Anglo-German treaty of 1890.
26. The islands of Mbanje, Cocotiers and Congo are disputed between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea.
27. Melilla - administered by Spain, disputed by Morocco.
28. The surroundings of Migingo Island and further north, near the islands of Lolwe, Owasi, Remba, Ringiti and Sigulu in Lake Victoria, are disputed between Kenya and Uganda.
29. Ogaden - belongs to Ethiopia, but is inhabited by ethnic Somalis, which was the reason for the claim from Somalia. This was the reason for the two Ogaden wars - 1962 and 1977.
30. Several islands on the Ntem River are disputed between Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea.
31. Several villages near the Okpara River are disputed between Benin and Nigeria.
32. Orange River Boundary - Namibia claims the boundary runs along the middle of the river, while South Africa claims it lies along the northern bank.
33. Peñón de Alusemas - administered by Spain, disputed by Morocco.
34. Peñon de Vélez de la Gomera - Administered by Spain, contested by Morocco.
35. Perejil Island - Administered by Spain, disputed by Morocco. After the 2002 incident, both countries agreed to return to the status quo of the previous incident.
36. Ras Doumeira and Doumeira Island - Administered by Eritrea, contested by Djibouti.
37. The Rufunzo Valley and Sabanerwa are disputed between Rwanda and Burundi.
38. Rukwanzi Island and the Semliki Valley are disputed between the Congo and Uganda.
39. Sindabezi Island - Administered by Zambia, contested by Zimbabwe.
40. Sokotri archipelago - Somalia does not officially claim the archipelago, but asked the UN to look into the "status" of the archipelago, whether it should belong to Yemen or Somalia.
41.Southeastern Algeria - disputed by Libya.
42. Tiran and Sanafir Islands - administered by Egypt, disputed by Saudi Arabia.
43. Tromelin Island - de facto part of the French Southern and Antarctic lands, disputed by Mauritius and the Seychelles.
44. Tsoron-Zalambessa is a disputed territory between Ethiopia and Eritrea.
45. Wadi Halfa - administered by Egypt, disputed by Sudan.
46. ​​Coast of Yenga, left bank of the Macon and Moa rivers - administered by Sierra Leone, disputed by Guinea.
47. Badme is the pretext for the 1998 Ethiopian-Eritrean war. Currently under Ethiopian control.
48. Mayotte - In a 2009 referendum, the population decided to become an overseas department of France, but the Comoros claim the territory.
49.South-eastern part of Western Sahara - administered by Morocco, disputed by Western Sahara.

NORTH AMERICA
1. Hans Island - Canada and Denmark (on behalf of Greenland) claim ownership of the island.
2. Continental shelf in the eastern Gulf of Mexico beyond 200 miles - the ownership of a small gap beyond 200 nautical miles of the economic zones of the United States, Cuba and Mexico has not yet been definitively determined.
3. Machias Seal Island - US and Canada can't determine ownership.
4.North Rock - US and Canada can't determine ownership.
5. Strait of Juan de Fuca - US and Canada cannot determine ownership.
6. Dixon-Entrance - US and Canada can't determine ownership.
7. Portland Canal - US and Canada can't determine ownership.
8. Beaufort Sea - US and Canada can't determine ownership.
9. The Northwest Passage and some other Arctic waters are in Canadian territorial waters, but the US claims navigational rights
CENTRAL AMERICA
1.Isla Aves - Administered by Venezuela, Dominica renounced claims to the island in 2006, but continues to claim adjacent seas.
2. Bajo Nuevo - controlled by Colombia. Honduras recognized the sovereignty of Colombia, Nicaragua, Jamaica and the United States did not recognize.
3. Southern half of Belize - disputed by Guatemala, which previously claimed all of Belize.
4.Northern part of the island of Calero - controlled by Costa Rica, disputed by Nicaragua.
5. Island of Conejo - controlled by Honduras, disputed by El Salvador.
6. Navassa - US-ruled, contested by Haiti.
7. Sapodilla Cay - administered by Belize, disputed by Guatemla and Honduras.
8. Serranilla - Jamaica recognized the sovereignty of Colombia, Honduras, Nicaragua and the United States do not recognize.
SOUTH AMERICA
1. Guyana West of the Essequibo River - Venezuela and Guyana have overlapping maritime claims. Barbados and Guyana also signed an agreement on joint cooperation in this area.
2. Ankoka Islands - Administered by Venezuela, contested by Guyana.
3. Arroyo de la Invernada (Rincón de Artigas) and Vila Albornoz - Uruguay disputes 237 sq. km. the river Invernada near the Masoller region.
4. Falkland (Malvinas) Islands - administered by the UK, disputed by Argentina.
5. French Guiana west of the Marouini River - administered by France, disputed by Suriname.
6. Guaira Falls (Set Quidas) - the disputed islands, partially controlled by Brazil and Paraguay, were flooded by the Itaipu reservoir.
7. Guyana east of the upper arm of the Quarantine - Administered by Guyana, contested by Suriname.
8. Isla Brasiliera - Administered by Brazil, but Uruguayan officials claim the island is part of their Artigas department.
9.Isla Suarez - Administered by Bolivia, contested by Brazil.
10. The maritime border of the Gulf of Venezuela - Colombia claims that it has the right to the waters in this bay.
11.South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands - administered by the UK, disputed by Argentina.
12. The ice field of Southern Patagonia between Monte Fitz Roy and Cerro Murallion - the border has not yet been officially defined, however, Argentina and Chile have their own claims here.


If you look at the map, then it clearly shows the boundaries separating one state from another. Everything looks clear and unambiguous. Unfortunately, the reality is not so rosy. Every day the borders change: some states disappear, others appear, others seek to expand their territory at the expense of their neighbor. We offer an overview of the disputed territories claimed by several powers, not recognizing each other's rights.

Greece and Turkey have never been able to coexist peacefully, and the problem of Cyprus just gives them the opportunity to express dissatisfaction with each other in full. After several times the territory of the island passed from hand to hand, now it is divided into two parts. 37% is under Turkish control, 63% of the southern part is the Republic of Cyprus, between them there is a buffer zone under NATO control.


These cities on the northern coast of Morocco are the only remaining territories in Africa for Spain. Morocco regularly appealed to the Spanish government to grant them independence, but the local population categorically rejected such an idea. At the moment they are officially part of the EU.


Relations between the Singaporean and Malayan governments have never been easy, and most recently Malaysia has accused Singapore of illegally managing its lands. Point 20, a small piece of reclaimed land in Singapore, Malaysia claims it is within its territorial waters.


People are ready to fight in the modern world for anything, and New Moor Island is proof of this, not even an island, but a 10-square-meter spit. It appeared in 1970 in the Bay of Bengal after a cyclone and disappeared in 2010 due to rising sea levels. That's what India and Bangladesh have been fighting for for 40 years.


Another amazing territorial dispute involving a deserted island in the North Atlantic. It is claimed by Great Britain, Iceland and Ireland.


Although no one shed blood for this territory, anyway, it has long been divided, empty and hypothetically. And so the question of property constantly arises.


The dispute began when an Argentine whaling company set up a base in the Falklands around the time Britain annexed them. During the Falklands War, they briefly came under Argentine rule, but soon returned to British jurisdiction.


Although there is no sharp conflict between Great Britain and Spain over territories, they are still opponents in this matter.


The region, which is mostly desert, is one of the most sparsely populated areas in the world. It once belonged to Spain, but is now claimed by Morocco and the Saharan Arab Democratic Republic.

It has long been known that Sudan is not calm at all. For many years the country has been torn apart by civil war and bloodshed, and South Sudan has achieved its independence. Abyei is a region located at the very center of the conflict between the two countries. And although South Sudan claims it, it is controlled by its northern neighbor.


Unusual disputed territory. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that they are not fighting for it, but two countries are trying to get rid of it - Egypt and Sudan.

Despite gaining independence in 1981, Belize has been fighting off the territorial claims of Guatemala for the past 30 years. On some maps of the restless neighbor, Belize is listed as the 23rd district.


If you think that if three million people declare independence and form a new state, then all the other 200 countries will happily nod their heads and recognize it, then you are mistaken. In 1991, Somaliland declared independence from Somalia, but no one batted an eyelid. Perhaps it was necessary to choose a different name for the state?


More recently, there was a war between Argentina and Britain, which ended with the recognition of the status of British territory behind the islands. And in 2007, the President of Argentina again offered to resume negotiations.

Although most of the world community perceives Tibet as an autonomous region within China, the Tibetan government in exile in India strongly disagrees.


After decades of violent conflict, Kosovo, which was part of Serbia, declared independence in 2008. Since then, it has been recognized by 88 countries, including the US, UK and France. Russia and China, not to mention Seribia, were categorically against it.


Although the Kuril Islands officially became part of the USSR after the end of World War II, Japan still calls them its northern territories.


The narrow strip between Ukraine and Moldova has turned into a self-proclaimed republic, which was recognized only by two countries - South Ossetia and Abkhazia, which themselves are in the same status. For the rest of the world, it is an autonomous territorial unit within Moldova.

After World War II, the Korean Peninsula was divided along the 38th parallel. As a result, North Korea was formed in the north, and the Republic of Korea in the south. Both states claim their rights to the entire peninsula, once this has already led to the Korean War, after which a demilitarized zone appeared between them.


There are two countries claiming the name "China". These are the PRC and the Republic of China (Taiwan). Both are completely unprepared to recognize the existence of each other and claim the same territory.

21. Spratly Islands

The two self-proclaimed republics have been seeking independence from Georgia for about a century. In the region, the fierce confrontation did not stop, in which the Russian Federation helped them. As a result, only a few countries recognized their independence - Russia, Venezuela, Nicaragua and several Pacific islands.


The territory of Kashmir, located between India and Pakistan, is actually divided between three powers - India in the south, Pakistan in the northwest and China in the northeast. Neither side agrees to recognize the rights of others to these territories.


One of the most conflict regions on the world map for many centuries. The territory passed into the hands of various states many times. After the establishment of the State of Israel in 1947, the situation did not improve, there are constant shootings here, and serious military clashes periodically take place.

The last territorial conflict in the recent history of Ukraine and Russia.

No one undertakes to predict how such conflicts may end, but scientists have included them in

In 2014, Crimea "returned to its native harbor." How legitimate this is, from the point of view of international law, we will not argue. But the fact remains that Ukraine considers this an annexation, and it is unlikely that it will recognize this territory as Russia in the near future. This means one thing: Russia's disputed border territories will long be a stumbling block in international politics. However, Ukraine is not the only power that has claims against us. The disputed ones have been creating difficulties in international politics for many years. Which states want to bite off a piece of land from us and why? Let's try to figure it out.

At war

Few people know, but de jure our country is officially at war with a neighboring country. No, not with Ukraine, as many might think. Despite the loud statements of “occupation by Russia”, there was no announcement from the Poroshenko regime. Aggressive rhetoric sounds only for the domestic electorate.

We are currently at war with Japan for two reasons:

  • Russia is officially the legal successor of the USSR. This means that all international legal treaties of a single now refer directly to us. Some say it's unfair. Like, there were many republics, but only Russia is responsible. But this should have been asked of our deputies in the early nineties, who received the entire gold reserve of the Union and a permanent seat in the Security Council with the right to veto any decisions of the UN.
  • It is we who own the lands that we inherited after the collapse of the USSR, which are claimed by our eastern neighbor.

What does Japan want from us?

The disputed territories of Russia and Japan are located among the Kuril Islands and on Sakhalin. The Kuriles include four islands that are part of our country: Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan and the Khamobai archipelago. In 1956, the USSR was ready to transfer two islands (Khamobai and Shikotan). We wanted to keep Iturup and Kunashir for ourselves, in which a powerful military infrastructure has already been created, and the islands themselves are considered strategic objects. The Land of the Rising Sun was already ready to make concessions, but the United States intervened. They demanded that Japan not enter into such agreements and insisted on the return of all the islands. However, the USSR did not agree to this. In the end, no one gave anything to anyone. The disputed territories of Russia and Japan are with us. Let's delve into history. When exactly did the problem occur?

Synod treatise on friendship and trade

The disputed territories of Russia (the Kuril Islands) did not always belong to us. In 1855, Nicholas I signed a trade agreement with Japan, according to which the Russian Empire has no historical claims to the four disputed islands. Modern skeptics believe that this was a forced step. Russia was drawn into the Crimean War, in which we fought against all the developed countries of Europe at once. That is, Nicholas I had to look for allies in the East, but apart from Japan there was no one there. And she was still weak militarily and economically. Just started to come out of isolation.

The position of opponents of the transfer of the Kuril Islands is based on the fact that it was Russia who discovered these islands, which is not entirely true. The distance between them and the main Japanese territories is such that they observe each other from a telescope. There was no point in "opening" these territories to the Japanese. They were, in fact, open and were under their control in the 17th century.

Territory swap

The Synod treatise (1855) did not resolve the issue of Sakhalin. Both Japanese and Russians lived in this territory. Historically, it turned out that our compatriots settled in the north, and Asians - in the south. As a result, Sakhalin became a joint territory, but no one had de jure rights. The situation was changed by the treaty of 1875. According to it, all the islands in the Kuriles were transferred to Japan, and Sakhalin retreated to our country. Thus, the historically disputed territories of Russia (the Kuril Islands) should belong to the Land of the Rising Sun, if not for further events.

Russo-Japanese War

The Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 ended with the signing of it, Russia gave up southern Sakhalin. This gives the supporters of imperialism reason to assert that the treatise of 1905 crossed out all the previous ones. It follows from this that previous agreements on the transfer of the Kuril Islands may not be respected. However, the tsarist regime, the Provisional Government and the communists in 1917 did not dispute these territories with documents.

The Second World War

The Great Patriotic War ended in May 1945. However, World War II was still going on. Japan was the strongest nation in the Pacific after the United States. The Kwantung Army in Manchuria, Korea, and Mongolia numbered up to a million men with high morale. The Soviet Union agreed to the transfer of the army from Germany to the east, with the authorization of the Allies to return the transfer of South Sakhalin and the disputed Kuril Islands. After the approval of the West, our grandfathers, instead of going home and establishing a peaceful life, were drawn into hostilities even before September 2. Because of this, as expected, the disputed territories of Russia appeared.

The results of the confrontation with Japan

Modern pro-Western human rights activists unanimously argue about the "illegal occupation" of the Kuril Islands. Of course, historically one can agree that they did not originally belong to our country. However, human rights activists forget that after the defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. South Sakhalin went to the Asian state. War often results in territorial gains. If this principle is used in the construction of international borders, then many countries must completely redraw their borders.

"Catherine, were you wrong?"

Are there disputed territories between Russia and the US? Every Russian patriot will say - "of course." Alaska, which was sold, and some even claim that it was allegedly leased by Empress Catherine II. Where does such a myth come from? Unclear. But the sale of Alaska took place relatively recently. In 1867, Russia sold this territory for $7.2 million. Of course, we can say that at that time it was a lot of money. But actually it is not. All the territories that the United States conquered from other countries (England, Spain, Mexico) were subsequently purchased. And these amounts were twice as much - from 14 million dollars. In fact, Alexander II sold twice. However, let's try to figure out why this was done?

Emperor Alexander announced his intentions to sell Alaska 10 years before. Historians have found correspondence with brother Konstantin. In it, the emperor consulted on the sale of North American possessions. Why did he do it? Was it necessary? Speaking objectively, yes, since the expediency of such an agreement is confirmed by the following facts:

  • Russia's weakness in military and economic terms. Our country physically could not gain a foothold in this territory. In addition, it was necessary to choose: to gain a foothold in America or in the Far East. The loss of both was a reality. The government correctly decided that the preservation of America with the loss of the Far East would subsequently lead to the loss of the first component.
  • Rising United States. Of course, by 1867 the United States itself was not going to take Alaska from Russia, as they did with Mexico, Spain and France. But the idea of ​​a "united America" ​​was already in the air then. Alaska was only a matter of time. By 1867, the States were simply not up to Russia with the northern territories. In addition, the expansion of the population to Alaska created a threat of free reunification with the rest of the States by the population. In this case, Russia would not have received anything.
  • Allied relations with the USA and the hostility of Old Europe. Russia at this time surrounded itself with enemies. The Crimean War showed who is who. In this situation, the emperor decided to transfer the North American territories to his allies for money, since the likelihood of this territory being captured by England or France was high. Our sailing fleet could no longer withstand steamships, especially in such remote lands from the capital.

Bottom line: Alaska was sold for half the price the US paid its enemies after the annexation war. Conclusions suggest themselves. The United States did not really need this territory at that time either. Congress didn't want to buy it. Few people imagined what would happen in 100-150 years. No one guessed about the huge natural wealth of this territory either.

However, there are disputed territories of Russia and the United States even without Alaska.

Although the treaty of 1867 alienated North American lands from us, the maritime boundary line was not finally determined. The parties proposed different methods of demarcation:

  • Russia - loxodrome. There is a straight line on the map, a bend on the plane.
  • USA - great circle. On the map, a bend, on a plane, a straight line.

As a result, they agreed on an alternative option: the line was in the middle between the loxodrome and orthodrome. However, this conflict has not been fully resolved. The United States took advantage of the weakness of the USSR and imposed a new treaty in 1990, which significantly worsened our situation in this region. But so far the treaty has not been ratified by our country, which gives the right to consider it null and void. Now this territory is considered disputable, and actions that can somehow aggravate relations in this territory are not being taken.

Disputed territories of Russia with other countries

However, Japan and the US are not the only countries with which such problems arise. The existence of disputed territories hinders international cooperation. What other states have claims against us? They are actually not so few:

  • Norway;
  • Ukraine;
  • Estonia;
  • China;
  • Denmark;
  • Canada;
  • Iceland;
  • Sweden;
  • Finland;
  • Azerbaijan;
  • Turkmenistan;
  • Kazakhstan;
  • Iran;
  • Lithuania;
  • Latvia;
  • Mongolia.

The list is certainly impressive. But why so many countries? The fact is that the disputed territories of Russia and neighboring states are not only lands, islands, but also water shelves, sea border areas. Many countries belong to the Arctic powers. Today there is a battle for a new continent. So far, only legal and scientific methods.

Battle for the Arctic

Several states are fighting for the Arctic at once. This is the only mainland that did not participate in the colonial division. It is understandable: who needs ice? So it was until the moment when humanity could not technically and economically develop new hydrocarbon deposits in the north. But the situation has changed. High oil prices, the development of science and technology have made it profitable to extract gas and oil from the northern ice. Several countries were drawn into the new colonial division at once: Russia, Canada, USA, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway. In general, those countries that directly border the Arctic.

In the south, the waters of the Caspian Sea cannot be divided by Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan.

Disputed territories of Russia and Finland: it's not just about the Arctic

Russia and Finland have claims not only about the Arctic. The stumbling block with the northern neighbor is Karelia. Until the Winter Campaign of 1939, the Soviet-Finnish border passed just north of St. Petersburg. The leadership of the USSR understood that in the event of an impending war, this territory would be a good springboard for an invasion of our country. After some provocations, the Winter War of 1939-1940s began.

As a result, the USSR suffered heavy casualties and was not ready for such a war. However, the result was positive: the territory of Karelia became part of the Union. Today, Finnish revenge-seekers are demanding the return of these lands from Russia.

“What are you, your royal muzzle, scattering state lands?”

I would like to recall the famous phrase from the famous comedy film. But this is no laughing matter. Until 2010, there were disputed territories between Russia and Norway in the Barents Sea. We are talking about a pool of 175 thousand square meters. km. Until 2010, the parties found a compromise: both countries are engaged in fishing here, and hydrocarbon production was banned. Everything would be fine, but geologists have found huge reserves here. And here, as they say, "blew the roof off" our officials. Russia voluntarily abandoned 175 thousand square meters. km. fisheries in exchange for the joint production of gas and oil. A short-sighted move, especially with today's low oil prices. In addition, the entire northern fishing industry was destroyed by one signature.

All for China?

Norway is not the only country that has received a generous territorial gift from us. There were disputed territories of Russia and China. In 2004, our country gave away the disputed Tarabarov Island and part of the Ussuriysky Island to the "celestial kingdom". However, not all so simple. Having received one part of the territory, China immediately demands another. Now we must, according to Chinese historians, give up part of the territory in Altai and the Far East. And we will not talk about the vast territories in Transbaikalia, which were leased for half a century. Today these are our territories, for now, but what will happen in 50 years? Time will show.