Abram-Cape: location, description, nature, photos and reviews of tourists. Memorials of Murmansk. Abram-Cape and memorial cemetery Memorial complex to the Defenders of the Arctic

And yet we still have summer!))) Yesterday, for example, it was sunny, hot, green... And Murmansk residents know how to appreciate these wonderful days, especially since you never know whether the weather will be the same tomorrow (here Today, for example, it is rainy and cloudy). So we went out of town, and not just - wherever we look, but with a purpose. And the goal was designated as follows: we will go to the other side, to the plane at Abram-Cape. “That bank” is the left bank of the Kola Bay, you can get there by boat (but it rarely runs) or through a bridge (we went across it). The plane is visible “from this shore”, standing on high place, we knew that there was a memorial complex there, but we had never been there. Here we go...

Probably, it is necessary to clarify the name - Abram-Cape - a combination so familiar to Murmansk residents, however, I have not heard a clear explanation about its origin from anyone. By the way, I couldn’t find a clear answer in the literature. I will refer to the opinion of V. Muzhikov, the author of books and articles devoted to the toponyms of Murman.

“In addition to the microdistrict and the cape, the toponym Abram is associated with the names Abram-pakhta, the steep rocky shore of the Kola Bay one and a half kilometers south of Cape Abram, and Abram-tundra, a hill to the west of Abram-pakhta. Abram-pakhta also had the same name. corga, a sandbank in the Kola Bay in the middle of the fairway, 171 meters from Abram-pakhta. Currently, the corga has been blown up and removed, as it interfered with the approach of ships to the fishing port.

All these names have been known since the 17th century. True, in the documents of 1608-1611 it was written “Abraham's buttermilk” - that was the name of the local tony, but in the documents of the same time no Abraham was listed among the owners of the tony. Artist Polenov, communicating with local residents, heard the legend about Varlaam (Abraham, Abram) of Keret - a Kola priest from the time of Ivan the Terrible. There is also a mention of a sheer rock called Abram's Buttermilk. “Oral tradition,” writes Polenov in the book “The Reviving North,” “changed the name of Varlaam or Abraham to Abram.”

And here we are on the other side... Along the alley leading to the memorial complex dedicated to the 1st Air Defense Corps, which defended the skies of the Arctic during the Great Patriotic War, there are aircraft (Yak-9 from the war, a model, and SU-15 , modern) and rocket launchers.

Near the Yak there is a model of an aerial bomb.

There are surprisingly quite a lot of people near the memorial: mothers and children who came specially, like us, are walking...

On the pedestal is an anti-aircraft gun.

Stele with the names of fallen soldiers...

Monument to women air defense soldiers.

From the memorial there is a beautiful view of the city and the ships standing at the pier: red is the nuclear icebreaker "Russia" in the dock, to the left is the first nuclear icebreaker "Lenin", turned into a museum, even further to the left, white, is the motor ship "Klavdia Elanskaya", or simply “Klava”, as the Murmansk residents call it (there is no disdain in this, on the contrary, one hears something “homely”; here the heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser “Admiral Kuznetsov” is simply called “Kuzya”)))

Far away, on a hill Cape Verde, - a monument to the Defenders of the Arctic, Alyosha, as he is called.

And a peaceful sky above your head... Here these familiar words take on a special meaning.

As part of the walks around the distant parts of Murmansk - a trip to Cape Abram. This is also a remote and dull garrison outskirts, which, however, is very noticeable from the city center with its brilliant fighter-monument on the hill. Legally, it is part of the city, but in fact it is an autonomous village with its own separate life, different from the city one. Like the Gunboat in St. Petersburg before the construction of the tunnel.
Anyway, let's take a walk and take a look.

Part of the memorial at Cape Abram.

Initially, I planned a boat trip along the Kola Bay and landing at Cape Abram, opposite Murmansk, but on Monday morning, instead of heat and sun, thick fog suddenly fell on the city, heavy rain began and the boat, with great regret, had to be cancelled. Polar region, what to do. However, three hours later I finally got there by land, across the Kola Bridge - when the fog had partially cleared. The rain did not stop, so the trip to the memorial (see the plane on the mountain, behind the houses?) took place in wet weather, but there was no choice.

1. View of Cape Abram in good weather from the Seaport pier (taken on the day when I went to the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Lenin"). The girls are the same as in picture No. 5. An airplane is visible on the slope of the hill.

2. And this is the same plane on the memorial, as seen from the opposite shore of the Kola Bay (zoom).

3. Now fast forward to the next day, rainy and gloomy. So, after a 50-minute ride on the Murmansk city bus No. 24 - through half the city, then across the new Kola bridge, and on the way to the north, I landed on this very Cape Abram. Surprisingly, there is a city bus going there! (though not often, on a schedule).

4. First you need to go through the valley of a small river, across a bridge.

5. Then we pass through the old part of the garrison, taking the path upward.

6. On the other hand - Brezhnev's five-story buildings.

7. The road leads us to the memorial. It's pouring rain, making filming extremely inconvenient.

8. First, air defense missile launchers were delivered.

11. Let's look back: a view of the air defense missile launchers.

12. There is an aerial bomb in the grass under the fighter, and why with a radiation sign painted on it.

13. The memorial ends with an anti-aircraft gun at a steep slope down. Further, in the heavy cloudy gloom, the districts of Murmansk are visible, they are already across the bay.

14. Plates of fallen warriors.

15. I should note that despite the pouring rain and the remoteness of May 9, the memorial was very clean - not a speck of debris, there were wreaths and flowers - it was clear that he was being watched.

16. Granite plaque on the memorial with a diagram of air defense points during the Great Patriotic War in the vicinity of Murmansk.

17. Anti-aircraft guns at the pedestal.

18. Now let’s approach the slope and look at the city opposite. In good weather in the evening, when the sun is behind, there must be excellent views here. But now it was raining, alas. On the mountain you see “Alyosha” - remember, I said that this is the absolute dominant of these places?

19. Let's move the camera to the right: below you can see two icebreakers - "Lenin" at the sea terminal, and to the right another one, a diesel one. And to the left of “Lenin” is another white vessel. This is "Klava" (Klavdiya Elanskaya) came from the next flight. The clouds are so thick that they cover the upper part of the city and blur the view of the houses.

20. Now we go down a short road made of concrete slabs down to the bay.

21. ...and again a view of “Alyosha” (on the mountain).

22. The rain is getting stronger. But I still decided to go to the bay, since I got here.

23. Looking up - at the only 9-story building of the garrison.

24. And here, from behind the warehouses and workshops, is again a view of the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Lenin" on the other side of the bay (in the center).

25. Went down to the bay. View of the port of Murmansk, opposite.

26. And to the left, to Cape Verde with “Alyosha”. Now the tide is low, the sandbank is exposed.

27. We go upstairs and go to the bus stop. I got pretty wet from the hike, it’s time to return to the city.

Yes, it's a bit gloomy here. Especially in bad weather.

To be continued.

Gateway to the Arctic.

Several names are associated with the toponym “Abram” on the Kola Bank. In addition to the cape and the Abram-Cape microdistrict, there is also Abram-Pakhta, a steep rocky shore of the Kola Bay one and a half kilometers south of Abram-Cape, and Abram-Tundra, a hill to the west of Abram-Pakhta. Abram-korga, a sandbank in the Kola Bay in the middle of the fairway, 171 meters from Abram-pakhta, had the same name. Currently, the corga has been blown up and removed, as it interfered with the approach of ships to the fishing port.
All these names have been known since the 17th century. True, in the documents of 1608-1611 it was written “Abraham's buttermilk” - that was the name of the local tony, but in the documents of the same time no Abraham was listed among the owners of the tony.
The artist Polenov, communicating with local residents, heard the legend of Varlaam (Abraham, Abram)-Keretsky - a Kola priest from the time of Ivan the Terrible. There is also a mention of a sheer rock called Abram's Buttermilk. “Oral tradition,” writes Polenov in the book “The Reviving North,” “changed the name of Varlaam or Abraham to Abram.”
And the legend said that there was a devil sitting on this rock, blocking the exit from the Kola Bay to the Arctic Ocean. This devil left his buttermilk to confuse Abraham when he was standing at prayer in the chapel; the devil entered his house, to his wife, under the guise of a lover. When Abraham drove with his wife’s corpse past the menacing buttermilk, the devil freely let the man through to the ocean for the first time. When Abraham returned with the decayed corpse of his wife, the devil was no longer there, and access to the ocean has since been free.
3.5 km north of Abram-korga, closer to the western shore, is the drying sandbank of Anna-korga. And this name is not associated with the owner of Tony. At the beginning of the 17th century, there was “Tonia Anokorga Mikulka Zlygostya, who was the same as this Petrovsky Monastery, Abbot Gideon and his brethren.” It is possible that the name of the Anokorga tony and the Anna-korga shoal are not identical toponyms, but even in this case, folk creativity manifested itself, forming “Anna” from “Ano”, as opposed to Abram.

The history of the Abram-Mys microdistrict itself begins in 1920, when on the western side of the Kola Bay, not far from the mouth of the Varyazhsky Stream, which flows into the Kola Bay just south of the current Lesnaya Street, the village of Varyazhsky Ruchey arose. In 1926, about 20 people lived here. In the thirties, a water intake was built on the creek to fill tugboats and small ships with water. In 1937, ship repair shops moved here from Toros Island. They were built in 1930 to repair collective farm fishing motorized boots. In 1937, 600 people lived in the settlement of Toros-Ostrov, including up to 120 ship repairers. After the relocation of workshops near Cape Abram, the village of Abram-Cape arose. By 1938, 379 people lived there. Currently there is Shipyard No. 2 and a comfortable village.

During the war, on the high steep shore of the Kola Bay, opposite Murmansk, near the village of Abram-Mys, there were air defense units that protected the Kola Bay, the military facilities of Polyarny, Severomorsk and Murmansk itself from enemy air raids. At this place in 1988, a memorial complex dedicated to the anti-aircraft gunners of the 1st Air Defense Corps was founded. Then, students from Murmansk schools, GPTU-14, MVIMU cadets, labor collectives and soldiers of the Murmansk garrison took part in the construction of this memorial. The complex included an anti-aircraft gun, a missile, two fighter aircraft - the Yak-9 and the post-war Su-15, an aerial bomb and a dugout.

When preparing the description a year ago, materials were taken from the site, which, as it turns out, is no longer working. But most likely, the original source of the text about Abram-Cape is a fragment of Vasily Muzhikov’s article “Toponyms of Murmansk” from the Almanac “Living Arctic” No. 1 for 2000. For those interested in the history of the region, I recommend following the link.

It’s more interesting to get to Abram-Cape on the boat. It runs in the morning (6:40, 7:15, 8:00) and in the evening (17:15, 18:15) from the Marine Station and in 10 minutes you are at Abram-Cape (the boat no longer runs on weekends). The schedule can be found on the MASCO website. Since 2015, the movement of passenger boats has been cancelled.

Buses:
24th goes from Murmansk from the city center from Leningradskaya Street, it is not far from the station, near the Rosneft gas station. It runs once an hour, but is not available around 11, 16, 20 and 21, and the schedule on weekends is different from weekdays. Therefore, check the schedule at the bus stop, especially for the return trip (from Abram-Cape in the evening the bus leaves at 19:15, and the next one only at 22:09). His final destination is in Abram-Cape itself.
111th from the bus station (in Mishukovo) has been running for many years without changes according to the same schedule: 6.30, 11.00, 14.50, 19.50. He turns off the highway, drives to Abram-Cape, and then returns to the highway and drives further along the route.
The 24th goes faster - it goes through the “new” bridge, the 111th goes through Kola along the “old” bridge.

Abram-mys (Murmansk, Russia) - description, history, location, reviews, photos and videos.

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In the vicinity of Murmansk there are many objects with names that include the word “Abram”. The old people explain this to one ancient legend: allegedly, it happened in the 16th century, during the reign of the formidable Tsar Ivan IV. At that distant time Kola Peninsula there lived a priest named Varlaam or Araami (later transformed into Abram). And the current Abram-Pakht was ruled by none other than the devil. The unclean one sat on his rock and did not allow any of the people to go to the sea. He went away only when he tempted Varlaam, who was reading the prayer rule. At this time, the devil entered his wife’s house under the guise of a lover. But a dark day came for the devil - the priest’s wife died. Varlaam with her lifeless body walked past the devil’s rock to bury his wife. And then the demon let a man pass his cape for the first time. And when the priest returned back, there was no trace of the unclean man. Since then, the path to the ocean has been considered free. This is such a creepy but beautiful legend. The views that open from Cape Abram are no less beautiful.

In addition to this romantic and legendary piece of land, the name Abram-Mys is also named after one of the microdistricts of Murmansk. Previously, there was a village here with the beautiful name Varyazhsky Ruchey, which was founded in 1926. It cannot be said that this village was overpopulated. So, according to statistical data, in 1926, not much more than 20 people lived here. In the 30s, a water intake was built here in order to fill tugboats and other ships with water. In 1937, ship repair docks moved from Toros Island to the village, and after some time this place was renamed Abram Cape.

In general, the toponym “Abram” is quite widespread in these parts. So, in addition to the area itself and, in fact, the cape, the supposed name of the priest is present in the name of Abram-Pakhta (a picturesque rocky coast that plunges vertically into the waters of the Kola Bay), which is located 1.5 km from here. There is also Abram-tundra here - a hill not far from the rocky coast.

There was also an Abram-korga (shoal), which was blown up because it prevented ships from passing through.

During the Second World War, air defense units were located at Cape Abram, which protected the Kola Bay and important objects of Murmansk, Severomorsk and Polyarny from enemy air raids.

During the Second World War, air defense units were located at Cape Abram, which protected the Kola Bay and important objects of Murmansk, Severomorsk and Polyarny from enemy air raids. In 1988, in memory of these events, a memorial complex was founded here, which includes an anti-aircraft gun, two Yak-9 and Su-15 fighters, a dugout, and an aerial bomb. Unfortunately, the memorial today is not in the best condition and is maintained by private donations.

Murmansk. Part 4, Abram-Mys December 16th, 2015

Looking at the Kola Bay almost from the very center of Murmansk - from the station, Shmidt Street or the pedestrian crossing over the paths to the port, you can see exactly opposite, on the other shore, a small village, secludedly located on the slope of a hill, and consisting of literally a couple of streets and several five-story buildings . Near the shore of the bay it contains former second Shipyard. This is Abram-Cape - in the past a separate locality, and now officially the outskirts of Murmansk. Since it is located opposite, it means that it is interesting to see panoramas of the city and the seaport from there.

When you look from the city, it seems that Abram-Cape is nearby. Just cross the bay. But in fact, getting to the village is not so easy - if earlier there were really regular boats from the sea station, then in 2013 they were subjected to “optimization” (in the worst sense of the word), and now you can only get to Abram-Cape by bus number 24. The peculiarity of the situation is that the nearest bridge across the Kola Bay (by the way, I showed it in the previous part) is located ten kilometers south of both the city center and the village of Abram-Mys, so the bus makes a huge detour, almost reaching Kola, and then returning back along the other bank. In the end, it turned out that I rode the bus for an hour, despite the fact that there are two kilometers between the end points in a straight line.

If on the previous day the weather was consistently cloudy in the first half of the day, and steadily sunny in the late afternoon, then on this day the weather became changeable in Murmansk style - with a constant change of rain and sun, much more often than in St. Petersburg. When I crossed the bridge across the Kola Bay by bus, the rain poured like a bucket, and there was no clearing visible. But twenty minutes later, when the bus brought me to the village, the sun was shining, and only wet asphalt and puddles reminded me of rain.

2. Lesnaya Street - the central street of Abram-Cape. However, besides it, there are only two streets in the village - Sudoremontnaya and Okhotnichiy Lane. Immediately after arriving, I had the feeling that I had found myself in some kind of wilderness. In general, Abram-Mys is perceived as such - a remote outskirts of Murmansk. About the same as Kanonersky Island in St. Petersburg.

3. Stalin's school building. It seems to be one of the oldest buildings in the village.

Abram-Mys arose in the 1930s as a workers’ settlement at ship repair plant No. 2. However, this plant did not survive the nineties and remained closed. In 2005, a plant for the production of oil and gas equipment appeared on its basis, but this enterprise is clearly smaller than a ship repair plant, judging by the fact that the village is still in severe decline and looks deplorable. It appears that many Abram Cape residents commute into the city every day for work.

4. Among the five-story buildings and several barracks houses there was one ten-story building, the only one in the village:

5. And five-story buildings are very typical for Far North. Without balconies, with wide windows and painted in unusual colors. And just as typical for the North, tattered... the cladding of the walls is corroded not only by the general decline of the village, but also by the frequent winter northern blizzard.

6. Stream with a wooden bridge. Pay attention - there are cows walking on the other bank! I wonder where they even came from here, and where they are grazed - on rocky hills and forest-tundra?

7. But in general, after arriving at Abram-Cape, the thought came to me: “Where has this taken me?”

8. And this is how Abram-Mys looks from afar - from the hill on Cape Verde in Murmansk, where the Great Patriotic War memorial stands.

9. Literally a couple of blocks of houses - Abram-Cape is very small in area (although about 2 thousand people live here). A step to the left, a step to the right, and from the courtyards between the five-story buildings you will emerge into the forest-tundra.

“Are you going to pick mushrooms?” a man asked me in one of the courtyards. This is also part of the northern flavor - the wealth of nature is close at hand to residential buildings. Picking mushrooms and berries a couple of hundred meters from your yard is a common thing for local residents!

10. This view from Abram-Cape opens onto the Kola Bay. Now the Murmansk port and the city itself are on the other side. Here, on Cape Abram, it is surprisingly quiet, but the noise of the port cranes from the other side can be heard no worse than in the city.

11. And this is a view towards the city. The seaport's coal terminal is visible directly ahead.

12. On the edge of the village there is a war memorial dedicated to the 1st Air Defense Corps, which protected the skies over Murmansk during the Great Patriotic War, and was based precisely on Abram-Cape. On the pedestal there is an 85-mm 52-K anti-aircraft gun.

14. Here, at the memorial, other military air defense equipment is also on display, including those that appeared in the post-war era. Here, for example, are the S-75 (left) and S-200 (right) anti-aircraft missile systems.

15. Fighters - Yak-3 (left) and Su-15 (right), then the S-100 Neva air defense system and two air defense systems from the previous photo.

16. This is what it looks like from the city:

17. After examining the memorial, I went out to the high shore of the Kola Bay. In the foreground, on the left, you can see the already mentioned plant, and on the other bank - Murmansk. Will you find a hill with Alyosha, a sculpture of a soldier, in the landscape?

18. Here he is! It is clearly visible from everywhere.

19. The general plan of Murmansk from Abram-Cape looks something like this. The sea façade of the city is in the form of a port, in particular a coal terminal, and behind it are the upper areas of the city with multi-storey buildings.

20. Close-up view. The Church of the Savior on Water, shown in the second part, is clearly visible here, as well as, on the right, the lighthouse on the memorial to sailors who died in peacetime.

21. View a little to the left. The combination of white and gray high-rise buildings with hills covered with forest-tundra and moss makes up the Murmansk flavor.

22. Now let's turn our gaze to the city center. Directly opposite Cape Abram, you can clearly see the marine terminal (see the link for a close-up photo) and the pier where the nuclear icebreaker "Lenin" stands, now visible from the stern.

23. Opposite view:

25. Sea trade port:

26. Shipyard No. 1 and, in the foreground, two icebreakers - on the left "Baltika", on the right "Captain Dranitsyn".

27. View in south direction. The characteristic two pipes of the Murmansk Thermal Power Plant are visible, which I also already showed in previous parts.

28. And a view to the north - towards the open Barents Sea:

29. Underfoot is northern vegetation, which is an amazingly beautiful carpet of mosses and grasses.

30. And overhead is the northern polar sky, amazing even in cloudy weather:

31. Around the forest-tundra:

The nature of Murmansk and its surroundings already seems harsh, and the wind seems strong and cold. But I have not yet reached the final goal of my journey - the open coast of the Barents Sea. After visiting Abram-Cape, I took the return bus and went back to Murmansk. By the way, at the exit from Abram-Mys I saw a column of bikers with Yaroslavl license plates passing towards me. After I returned to the city, I had to go to Teriberka in the evening - the final and culmination of my June trip to the North. But before I start the story about Teriberka, I will show you the nuclear icebreaker "Lenin", which today is a museum.