What is inside the Egyptian pyramids. Laboratory of alternative history. What's inside the pyramid

The Pyramid of Cheops is a legacy of ancient Egyptian civilization; all tourists coming to Egypt try to see it. It amazes the imagination with its grandiose size. The weight of the pyramid is about 4 million tons, its height is 139 meters, and its age is 4.5 thousand years. It still remains a mystery how people built the pyramids in those ancient times. It is not known for certain why these majestic structures were erected.

Legends of the Cheops Pyramid

Shrouded in mystery, ancient Egypt was once the most powerful country on Earth. Perhaps his people knew secrets that are still inaccessible to modern humanity. Looking at the huge stone blocks of the pyramid, which are laid with perfect precision, you begin to believe in miracles.

According to one legend, the pyramid served as a grain storage facility during the great famine. These events are described in the Bible (Book of Exodus). Pharaoh had a prophetic dream, warning of a series of lean years. Joseph, the son of Jacob, sold into slavery by his brothers, managed to unravel Pharaoh's dream. The ruler of Egypt instructed Joseph to organize the procurement of grain, appointing him as his first adviser. The storage facilities must have been huge, given that they fed many nations for seven years when there was famine on Earth. The slight discrepancy in dates - about 1 thousand years old - is explained by adherents of this theory by the inaccuracy of carbon analysis, through which archaeologists determine the age of ancient buildings.

According to another legend, the pyramid served to transfer the material body of the pharaoh to the higher world of the Gods. An amazing fact is that inside the pyramid where the sarcophagus for the body is located, the mummy of the pharaoh was not found, which the robbers could not take. Why did the rulers of Egypt build such huge tombs for themselves? Was their goal really to build a beautiful mausoleum that testified to greatness and power? If the construction process took several decades and required enormous amounts of labor, it means that the final goal of constructing the pyramid was vitally important to the pharaoh. Some researchers believe that we know very little about the level of development of ancient civilization, the mysteries of which have yet to be discovered. The Egyptians knew the secret of eternal life. It was acquired by the pharaohs after death, thanks to technology that was hidden inside the pyramids.

Some researchers believe that the Cheops pyramid was built by a great civilization even more ancient than the Egyptian one, about which we know nothing. And the Egyptians only restored existing ancient buildings and used them at their own discretion. They themselves did not know the intention of the forerunners who built the pyramids. The Forerunners could be giants of the Antediluvian civilization or inhabitants of other planets who flew to Earth in search of a new homeland. The gigantic size of the blocks from which the pyramid is built is easier to imagine as a convenient building material for ten-meter giants than for ordinary people.

I would like to mention one more interesting legend about the Cheops pyramid. They say that inside the monolithic structure there is a secret room in which there is a portal that opens paths to other dimensions. Thanks to the portal, you can instantly find yourself at a selected point in time or on another inhabited planet of the Universe. It was carefully hidden by the builders for the benefit of people, but will soon be found. The question remains whether modern scientists will understand the ancient technologies to take advantage of the discovery. In the meantime, archaeological research in the pyramid continues.

In the era of antiquity, when the Greco-Roman civilization began to flourish, ancient philosophers compiled a description of the most outstanding architectural monuments on Earth. They were called the "Seven Wonders of the World." These included the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Colossus of Rhodes and other majestic buildings built before our era. The Pyramid of Cheops, as the oldest, is in first place on this list. This wonder of the world is the only one that has survived to this day; all the others were destroyed many centuries ago.

According to the descriptions of ancient Greek historians, the large pyramid shone in the rays of the sun, casting a warm golden sheen. It was lined with meter-thick limestone slabs. The smooth white limestone, decorated with hieroglyphs and designs, reflected the sands of the surrounding desert. Local residents later dismantled the cladding for their homes, which they lost as a result of the devastating fires. Perhaps the top of the pyramid was decorated with a special triangular block made of precious material.

Around the Cheops pyramid in the valley there is a whole city of the dead. Dilapidated buildings of mortuary temples, two other large pyramids and several smaller tombs. A huge statue of a sphinx with a broken nose, which was recently restored, is carved from a monolithic block of gigantic proportions. It was taken from the same quarry as the stones used to build the tombs. Once upon a time, ten meters from the pyramid there was a three-meter thick wall. Perhaps it was intended to protect the royal treasures, but it could not stop the robbers.

History of construction

Scientists still cannot come to a consensus on how ancient people built the Cheops pyramid from huge blocks of stone. Based on the drawings found on the walls of others, it was assumed that workers cut each block into the rocks and then dragged it to the construction site along a ramp made of cedar. History does not have a consensus on who was involved in the work - peasants for whom there was no other work during the Nile flood, slaves of the pharaoh or hired workers.

The difficulty is that the blocks had to not only be delivered to the construction site, but also raised to a great height. The Pyramid of Cheops was the tallest structure on Earth before the construction of the Eiffel Tower. Modern architects see the solution to this problem differently. According to the official version, primitive mechanical blocks were used for lifting. It’s scary to imagine how many people died during construction using this method. When the ropes and straps holding the block broke, it could crush dozens of people with its weight. It was especially difficult to install the upper block of the building at a height of 140 meters above the ground.

Some scientists suggest that ancient people had the technology to control Earth's gravity. The blocks weighing more than 2 tons, from which the Cheops pyramid was built, could be moved with ease using this method. The construction was carried out by hired workers who knew all the secrets of the craft, under the leadership of the nephew of Pharaoh Cheops. There were no human sacrifices, backbreaking labor of slaves, only the art of construction, which reached the highest technologies that are inaccessible to our civilization.

The pyramid has the same base on each side. Its length is 230 meters and 40 centimeters. Amazing accuracy for ancient uneducated builders. The density of the stones is so great that it is impossible to insert a razor blade between them. An area of ​​five hectares is occupied by one monolithic structure, the blocks of which are connected with a special solution. There are several passages and chambers inside the pyramid. There are ventilation holes facing different directions of the world. The purpose of many interior spaces remains a mystery. The robbers took away everything valuable long before the first archaeologists entered the tomb.

Currently, the pyramid is included in the UNESCO cultural heritage list. Her photo adorns many Egyptian tourist brochures. In the 19th century, Egyptian authorities wanted to dismantle the huge monolithic blocks of ancient structures to build dams on the Nile River. But the labor costs far outweighed the benefits of the work, which is why monuments of ancient architecture still stand to this day, delighting pilgrims in the Giza Valley.

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Everything that arises must have some reason for its occurrence, for it is absolutely impossible to arise without a cause.” (IV century BC, Plato, Timaeus).

So, let's start with the facts.
Firstly, there are three burial chambers in the pyramid. - Three! It never occurs to any living person to prepare a tomb for himself in three “copies.” Moreover, as can be seen from the size of the pyramids, this was a very troublesome and time-consuming task. Egyptian archaeologists have established that the pharaohs built separate pyramids of a much smaller size for their wives, and “family character” was not established in the burials of the pharaohs. From this it follows that at different times the pyramid had three owners (three pharaohs) and therefore each in the pyramid had its own burial chamber.

To confirm this conclusion, consider a cross-section of the pyramid (what it is).

Egyptian historians have established that long before the construction of the pyramids in ancient Egypt in the 4th millennium BC. and even earlier, pharaohs were buried in deep underground halls - “mastabas”, where the mummy was located. In the ground part, at the top above the hall, a low, flat, truncated pyramid was built, in the interior of which there was a prayer room with a statue into which after death (according to faith) the soul of the pharaoh moved. The halls of the premises could be isolated from each other.

Looking at the plan of the section, we can say that the upper prayer room of the first mastaba, which has not been discovered to date (no more than 15 meters high), is located in the center of the pyramid, just below the middle burial chamber (7). If, of course, by the time the second pharaoh built his pyramid over the mastaba, the latter was not destroyed (plundered) or crushed, and was preserved.

A narrow inclined-vertical shaft (12) for lifting the soul from the underground burial pit (5) should rise to the above-ground prayer room of the mastaba. At the exit of the shaft to the surface level of the plateau under the base of the pyramid there is a small grotto (expansion up to 5 meters) the walls of which are partially reinforced with older masonry that does not belong to the pyramid. This ancient stonework is nothing more than belonging to the first mastaba. From the grotto (12) to the center of the pyramid there should be a continuation into the mastaba, which is closed or was later blocked.

According to archaeologists, the underground burial “pit” (5) for some reason remained unfinished. Perhaps for the same reason, the upper above-ground part of the mastaba with the prayer room was not completed (the latter remains to be seen). The unfinished burial structure, located in the most advantageous place, on the top of a stone plateau, served (the pharaoh preceding Cheops) as a pretext and moral basis to take the mastaba as the basis for building his own pyramid over it.

The fact that the age of the Sphinx is estimated to be much older than the pyramids (about 5-10 thousand years) also supports the fact that the Giza plateau was previously “inhabited” by ancient mastabas.

By the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC. in Egypt, burials in mastabas were replaced by more majestic structures - pyramids. The Egyptians also developed another later worldview about the place of residence of the soul after death. - “Whoever lives the time allotted to him properly will return to the abode of the star named after him.” (Plato, Timaeus).

The burial chamber (7) belonging to the second internal pyramid (according to the cross-section plan) is presumably located above the prayer part of the first mastaba. The corridor ascending to the chamber (6) is laid along the wall, and the horizontal one (8) along the roof of the mastaba. Thus, one can “see” the approximate boundaries of the first ancient internal truncated mastaba pyramid.

The second internal pyramid is about ten meters on each side smaller than the current external third pyramid of Cheops. This can be judged by the length of the two so-called ventilation air ducts emanating from the chamber (7) (20 by 25 cm in cross section), which, approximately (according to the pyramid drawing) are about ten meters short of the plane of the current external walls. Of course, these are not ventilation ducts, which the deceased pharaoh did not need. This is a path directed into the sky, oriented with great accuracy (up to a degree) to those stars where, according to the ideas of the ancient Egyptians, the soul of the pharaoh would settle after death. When the second pyramid was built, the channels from the burial room (7) reached the edges of the outer walls and were open to the sky.

The second burial chamber of the pharaoh may also have been unfinished (judging by the lack of its interior decoration). This suggests that the entire pyramid was not completed to the end (for example, there was a war, the pharaoh was killed or died of illness, an accident, etc.). But, in any case, by that time the pyramid had been erected no lower than the height of the walls along the border of the upper part of the “air ducts” (7) emanating from the burial chamber.

The second internal pyramid reveals itself not only with “blind air ducts” and a separate burial chamber, but also with its central entrance (1). It is noticeable that the entrance, approximately the same 10 meters, was recessed inside the outer wall of the third pyramid. This entrance, built before Cheops, was not moved to the border of the outer wall, and therefore, due to the increase in the outer wall, it ended up buried. (Entrance gates are always located somewhat outside the buildings, and not in the depths of the body of the structure).

The next in line, the third owner of the pyramid was Pharaoh - Cheops (Khufu).

Archaeologists and historians, according to the deciphering of hieroglyphs, have established that the Cheops pyramid was built not by slaves (as previously thought), but by civilian builders, who, of course, had to be paid well for hard work. And since the volume of construction was enormous, it was more profitable for the pharaoh to take an unfinished pyramid than to build it from scratch. Again, the most advantageous location on the top of the plateau was “tempting” to use the “underdevelopment”.

The construction of the third pyramid began with the dismantling of the central part of the unfinished second. The blocks raised from the center were used to expand the rows of the third pyramid along the perimeter. In the resulting depth, at a height of approximately 40 meters from the ground, they placed an antechamber (11) and the third burial chamber of the pharaoh (10). The passage to the third chamber only needed to be extended. The ascending tunnel (6) was continued in the form of a large 8-meter high gallery (9). Therefore (and not only because) the passage (6) and the high gallery (9), having the same direction, differ from each other.

After the third pyramid was expanded “at the hips” and about 10 meters were added on each side, the old outgoing channels for the “departure of the soul” from the chamber (7) turned out to be closed. If the burial chamber (7) did not involve burial, then there was no point for subsequent builders to continue the canals. They were simply walled up with external wall blocks.

In September 2002, researchers launched a tracked robot into one of the narrow “air ducts”. Having risen to the end, he rested against a limestone slab 13 cm thick, drilled it, and on the other side of the slab at a distance of 18 cm, the robot saw another stone barrier. These are the blocks of the wall of the third outer pyramid.

During the construction of the third burial chamber of Pharaoh Cheops, new channels (10) were laid to it for the “flight of the soul” to the stars. If you look closely at the cross-section of the pyramid, the channels of the second and third chambers are almost parallel (at one time they were aimed at the same stars). Almost parallel, but not quite! The upper two channels, relative to the lower (closed ones), seem to be rotated clockwise by 3-5 degrees. This is not an accident. Egyptian builders very scrupulously recorded the position of the stars and their direction. Then what's the matter?

The Earth's rotation axis shifts by 1 degree every 72 years, and every 25,920 years, the Earth's spinning axis makes a full circle. This phenomenon is called precession. (The ancient Egyptian priests knew the declination of the axis and the wobble of the Earth around the poles. Plato, however, called the time of rotation of the Earth’s axis of 26 thousand years – “The Great Year”).

When the earth's axis shifts by one degree over 72 years, the angle of view in the direction of the desired star also changes by 1 degree (including the angle on the Sun). If the displacement of pairs of channels approximately differs by 3-5 degrees, then we can say that the difference between the unfinished construction of the second pyramid and the time of construction of the third pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops (Khufu) is 216 -360 years.

Egyptian historians say that Pharaoh Khufu reigned from 2540-2560 BC. By counting the “degree” years back, we can tell when the second inner pyramid was built.

In the entire Cheops pyramid, in the only place under the ceiling, on the powerful vaulted granite slabs above the third burial chamber, there is a hieroglyph made by workers - “Builders, friends of Pharaoh Khufu.” No other mention of the names and affiliations of the pharaohs to the pyramid has yet been found.

Most likely, the Cheops pyramid was completed and used for its intended purpose. Otherwise, the entrance (1) would not have been closed with granite slabs, and a plug of several granite cubes would not have been lowered down the inclined plane into the ascending passage (6). Thus, the pyramid was tightly closed to everyone for three thousand years (until 820 AD).

The ancient Egyptian name of the Cheops pyramid is read in hieroglyphs - “Horizon of Khufu”. The name has a literal meaning. The angle of inclination of the side face of the pyramid is 51° 50′. - This is the angle at which the Sun rose exactly at noon on the days of the autumn - spring equinox. The sun at noon crowned the pyramid like a “crown”. Throughout the year, the Sun (the ancient Egyptian God - Ra) walks across the sky higher in summer, lower in winter (just like the pharaoh through his domains) and the Sun (pharaoh) always returns to his “home”. Therefore, the angle of inclination of the walls of the pyramid points to the house of the “God - the Sun” and to the horizon of the “house - pyramid” of Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops) - “the son of the Sun God”

The edges of the walls at an angle to the Sun are not only in this pyramid. In the pyramid of Khafre, the angle of inclination of the face is slightly higher than 52-53 degrees (it was established that it was built later). In the Mikerin pyramid the slope of the faces is 51°20′25″. Historians do not know for sure whether it was built before the Cheops pyramid or later. But, taking into account the less steep angle of inclination of the walls (if the builders were not mistaken), we can conclude that it was built earlier. In relation to the “degree age scale”, a difference in slope of 30 minutes corresponds to 36 years. Later Egyptian pyramids have higher slopes on their faces.

There are also many pyramids in Sudan, the slope of which is much steeper. Sudan is much south of Egypt and the Sun on the spring day - the autumn equinox - stands much higher above the horizon there. This explains the steepness of the walls of the Sudanese pyramids.

In 820 A.D. The Baghdad caliph Abu Jafar al-Mamun, in search of the countless treasures of the pharaoh, made a horizontal break (2) at the base of the Cheops pyramid (which is used to enter the pyramid to this day). The passage was punched to the beginning of the ascending corridor (6), where they ran into granite cubes, which were bypassed to the right and thus penetrated into the pyramid. But, according to historians, they found nothing but “half a cubit’s worth of dust” inside. If there was anything valuable in the pyramid, the caliph’s servants took it, and what they left, they took it all out over the next 1200 years.

It seems that along the walls of the gallery (9) 28 pairs of ritual statues stood in rectangular recesses (the exact purpose of the recesses is not known now). But the fact that there were tall statues is evidenced by two facts - the eight-meter height of the gallery (why would height be needed), as well as large round peeling prints on the walls of the gallery from the remains of the mortar with which the tilted statues were attached and leveled (see photo of the gallery in Wikipedia).

I will disappoint those who are mystically inclined to find “miracles” in the pyramids. Over a hundred pyramids have been discovered in Egypt today, and they are all different from each other. There are different angles of inclination of the faces, there is a pyramid with a “broken side” at a double angle, there are stone and brick pyramids, lined and stepped, even at the base of a rectangular shape (the pyramid of Pharaoh Djoser). If there were some kind of secret law, secret knowledge, and not “varied” opinions, then uniformity would be observed in all the pyramids. - But he’s not there. Even among the three pyramids at Giza, there is no unity. The smaller of the three pyramids of Mikerinus at its base is not oriented strictly to the cardinal points. That is, the orientation of the sides is not given any importance. In the main pyramid of Cheops, the third (upper) burial chamber is not located in the geometric center of the pyramid or even on the axis of the pyramid. In the pyramids of Khafre and Mikerin, the burial chambers are also not in the center.

The Minister of Archeology of Egypt and the current main expert on ancient pyramids, Zahi Hawass, says: “Like any practitioner, I decided to check the statement that food does not spoil in the pyramid. Divided a kilogram of meat in half. I left one part in the office and the other in the Cheops pyramid. The part in the pyramid deteriorated even faster than in the office.”

What else can archaeologists do today in the Cheops pyramid? – Perhaps, try to find an above-ground prayer room from the first mastaba, for which we could drill down (vertically or obliquely in the edges and corners) several holes in the floor of the second (7) burial chamber, until an internal cavity is discovered below. In case of failure (if the rooms of the room are located away from the drilling), then find a blocked passage from the grotto (12) or dig the passage again. This will not be detrimental to the pyramid, since there was originally a connecting entrance from the burial pit to the above-ground mastaba room. We need to look for him.

The closed Sphinx is of much greater interest in Egyptian Giza. The stone body of the ancient Sphinx is located from west to east. Burial chambers and burials were also made from west to east. It can be assumed that the Sphinx is an integral part of the above-ground structure above the ancient mastaba of an unknown pharaoh. Searches in this direction would expand the boundaries of knowledge of the history of ancient Egypt or an even earlier civilization, for example, the Atlanteans, whose representatives the Egyptians deified and classified as their ancient predecessor gods.

An identification study by American criminologists concluded that the face of the Sphinx does not resemble the faces of the statues of Egyptian pharaohs, but has Negroid features.

It is possible that the burial chamber with the mummy of an ancient pharaoh of Negro origin is located under the front paws of the Sphinx. In this case, there should be a passage upward from the chamber for the relocation of the “soul” of the pharaoh, for subsequent life in the body of the Sphinx (according to the beliefs of the ancient Egyptians).

The Sphinx is a lion (symbol of royal power) with a human head and the face of a pharaoh. Presumably, the face of the pharaoh (after plastic restoration of the mummy's skull) will be similar to the face of the Sphinx. The veil over the secret pyramid of Cheops and the Sphinx has been lifted, now you need to “enter”.