Map of Iceland in Russian. Roads in Iceland Road map of Iceland

The natural landscapes of this amazing country are deservedly considered unique and exceptional. Turquoise lakes and picturesque lagoons, a majestic ancient volcano and noisy geysers are just part of the incredible beauty of Iceland.

Iceland on the world map

Iceland is a unique island country, consisting of one large island of the same name and dozens of small island territories that surround it.

The state is surrounded on all sides by sea waters and, since Iceland is located in its northern regions. None of the world states has common borders with this country; the closest to it is located. Iceland occupies a fairly large area, more than 100 thousand square kilometers. The capital of the country is called Reykjavik, which is where tourists and guests of the country come first.
It is known that about 322 thousand people live on the island lands. Local residents speak their native Icelandic language and practice Lutheranism.

Republic of Iceland

The island of Iceland is located not far from the Arctic Circle, but even this did not allow it to live up to its name. In fact, everyone who imagines Iceland as a snowy and ice-covered country is very much mistaken. In fact, the Icelandic lands are a huge plateau of volcanic origin, occupying heights of up to 2 thousand meters above sea level. The coastline of the state is uneven, indented by cliffs and numerous fjords. The average altitude of Icelandic lands does not exceed 500 meters.
The island is located at the junction of two large lithospheric plates, so active volcanic activity has been observed in the region for quite some time. According to statistics, every five years a volcanic eruption occurs on the island, which is often accompanied by earthquakes. The active Icelandic volcanoes are called Laki and Hekla. However, most of the local volcanic peaks have long since fallen asleep.
The local population treats their volcanoes with pride and great respect. It’s not for nothing that Hekla has long been known throughout the world as the national symbol of Iceland. Tourists with curiosity and impatience climb the mountain to observe the abyss of the volcanic crater. Of course, such excursions are only relevant when the volcano is inactive. Interestingly, most of the local volcanoes do not look like traditional peaks that cast fire. Another active volcano in Iceland, Laki, looks like a huge crack in the ground, under which lava flows are hidden.
The junction of tectonic plates under the territory of Iceland endowed these lands with other unique features - geysers. There are about 250 thermal springs scattered throughout the country. The most discussed and most popular geyser in the republic is the Great Geysir. Smart residents of Iceland have long learned to use the heat of underground hot springs and geysers to heat their cozy homes. Almost all Icelanders use this heating method, about 85 percent. They also use geysers to fill their swimming pools and water plants in their greenhouses.
The Icelandic lowlands are characterized by marshy areas, the lands of which are generously enriched with volcanic ash. A quarter of the state's territories are covered with green spaces, but there are also quite large expanses of bare rocky or sandy soil. Trees practically don't grow in Iceland. Occasionally you can see a lone birch or pine tree. Coniferous plantations are created manually by local residents. Typical vegetation for the Icelandic state are mosses and grasses.
Speaking about the local glaciers, it should be mentioned that only 12 percent of the country is covered with ice. The largest glacier with an area of ​​about 8.3 thousand square kilometers is located in the southeast of Iceland. This is a truly unforgettable sight, because in some places the peaks of long-dormant volcanic craters emerge from under the mighty ice.
The length of the Icelandic coastline reaches almost 5 thousand kilometers. There are practically no beaches here, since the mountain plateaus quickly break off and go under water. According to historical information, the first inhabitants appeared on the island only in the ninth century, but people knew about its existence as early as the fourth century BC.

National flag of Iceland

The main national symbol of the Republic of Iceland is represented by a dark blue rectangular panel with an image of a vertical red cross in a sparkling white frame. The center of the cross is slightly shifted to the left and divides the flag fabric in a ratio of one to two. It is known that this appearance of the national Icelandic symbol was first approved in 1918, when the republic acquired partial sovereignty under the leadership of Denmark. Scandinavian motifs are visible in the colors and design of the flag.

The symbolism of the red cross lies, first of all, in the personification of Icelandic volcanoes, or rather the flames that they spew. A dark blue canvas, like the Atlantic Ocean, surrounds and protects the entire territory of the country. And the white border of the cross appeared on the flag to remind of the majestic glaciers that gave Iceland its name.
Icelanders treat their national flag with special awe and respect. Not every citizen of the republic can raise the Icelandic flag over their home. Usually this is done only on national holidays and special occasions. Those who insult the Icelandic flag in one way or another can go to prison for a whole year.

Features of the climate of Iceland

The proximity of the Arctic Circle determines the subarctic climate in Iceland. However, in coastal areas, weather conditions may be slightly milder due to the warm North Atlantic Current. A distinctive characteristic of the local weather is rightfully considered to be its variability. Due to the fairly strong winds that occur here almost all year round, the weather can change at lightning speed.
It is warmest in July, as one would expect, then the temperature columns often exceed 13-15 degrees plus. Only at night the temperature in summer drops to 10 degrees plus. It is coldest in January, when daytime temperatures are zero and 1-2 degrees Celsius, and at night there are slight frosts of up to 4 degrees minus. The central hilly areas of Iceland have a continental climate, so severe frosts of up to 20 degrees minus can be observed here in winter and no more than 7 degrees Celsius in summer. Iceland is characterized by a huge amount of annual precipitation: from 1300 to 4000 millimeters per year (this is not without the influence of the ocean and proximity). There are the fewest of them in May, so many tourists, and.

Recreation and entertainment in Iceland

When it comes to souvenirs from this magnificent country, the best option is undoubtedly incredible hand-made photographs. However, a sweater with deer and handmade silver items also remain relevant.
Iceland is home to very hospitable and friendly people who prepare truly unique dishes from meat and fish. Seafood and fish are served here like nowhere else. That is why it is recommended to devote as much time as possible to gastronomic tourism in Iceland. Although prices in this country are quite high, visitors to restaurants and cafes will be pleasantly surprised by the fact that it is not at all necessary to leave a tip. Everything is already included in the price. However, you will have to pay a little extra for outerwear left in the dressing room.
All over the world, Iceland is spoken of as a country of amazing and enchanting geysers. Having arrived on the island, it would simply be a sin not to see all these beauties with your own eyes. Of course, it is impossible to see all of Iceland from start to finish in one day, so you should wisely distribute your time here in order to fully enjoy its natural wealth. The so-called coast of the Western Fjords is considered the most beautiful part of the republic. If you like active holidays, then Iceland seems to have been created especially for you. In addition, tourists often come here to improve their health in the local area. They say that Iceland heals not only the body, but also the soul.
Excursions to the cities of the republic, in particular to Reykjavik, are also especially popular. One of the most visited natural parks in the country is. It is a picturesque large valley, which is dotted with winding paths and excursion routes. The country's largest lake, Tingvalavaten, is also located here. Not far from the lake, you can also look at the legendary fields of Thing, where in ancient times the meetings of the first Viking parliament were held and the fate of unfaithful women, who were usually drowned in the so-called witch pool, was decided. Near . Here, every 5 minutes you can watch the ringing streams of thermal springs coming from underground.
Iceland happily welcomes all its guests, revealing to them its affectionate embrace and unpredictable natural features.

Now you can return to .

"Ice country" Iceland is located on North Atlantic Ocean.

A detailed map of Iceland shows that the state consists of an island of the same name with an area of ​​103 square meters. km. and a number of small islands.

The main feature of the country is its nature and volcanic origin. Bizarre landscapes, fjords, waterfalls and glaciers make an indelible impression on travelers.

Iceland on the world map: geography, nature and climate

Iceland is located in Northern Europe, northwest of Great Britain. To the west is the island of Greenland. It is separated from Iceland by the Denmark Strait. In the east, the country borders on Norway and is washed by the Norwegian Sea. The length of the coastline is about 5 thousand km.

The physical map of Iceland in Russian shows the relief, hydrography, nature reserves, minerals located on the territory of the state.

The island is located on the ridge of the North Atlantic tectonic suture and consists of lava layers. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur as plates diverge. The most famous Hekla volcanoes And Lucky.

Relief

The country's topography is a volcanic plateau with rocky shores and thousands of narrow bays. The central part of Iceland is occupied by active volcanoes, geysers, and lava fields, so it is not very suitable for habitation. Life is concentrated in coastal areas.

Iceland got its name for a reason: 1/10 of the island is covered with glaciers. Largest Vatnajökull glacier has an area of ​​8300 sq. km. It is located in the southeast of the island. Its integrity is disrupted by the presence of eight active and dormant volcanoes.

Volcanic activity provoked the appearance of many thermal springs in Iceland. Great Geysir the most famous of them.

Hydrography

The rivers and lakes of Iceland are fed by snow and glacial waters. Navigation on the rivers is impossible due to the large number of waterfalls and rapids. The largest river, Tjoursau, originates from the Hofsjökull glacier and is 230 km long.

Lake Thorisvatn is located in the south of the island. This is the largest reservoir in Iceland: its area is 88 square meters. km, depth – 109 m.

A country of contrasts, Iceland occupies a small area on the world map, and it is surprising how many natural attractions fit into it.

Climate

The island is under constant influence of cyclones. The warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate. In summer, the temperature on the coast is about 20 0 C; in winter, despite the proximity to the North Pole, it rarely drops below zero. The central part is distinguished by a continental climate: in winter the temperature drops to -20 0 C, and in summer it rarely rises above +20 0 C.

Flora and fauna

Vegetation in Iceland is sparse: most of the territory is devoid of vegetation. Moss and grass cover the soil. Trees occupy only 1% of the area: birches and conifers are the main tree species. Mammals in the nature of the island are represented by only one animal - the arctic fox. The most common bird is the Atlantic puffin.

Map of Iceland with cities. Administrative division of the country

There are different systems of territorial division in the republic. Iceland is divided:

• for six constituencies for parliamentary elections;
• into eight statistical regions:
  1. Vestfyrdir;
  2. Nordurland-Vastra;
  3. Westurland;
  4. Nordurland-Eystra;
  5. Sydurland;
  6. Eysturland;
  7. Sudurnes;
  8. Hövüdborgarsvaidid;
• into 23 districts (sisli) and 14 urban districts;
• for 75 self-governing communities.

Sisly And urban districts are part of regions and are divided into cities and communities. The villages do not have self-government bodies.

In the capitals of urban districts, power is held by a civilian government and a civilian council.

Cities have elected city boards and councils. They represent the government: they are in charge of tax collection, police, and civil registration. Communities represent the second level of administrative division. They are in charge of education and transport.

The idea of ​​administrative division will be complemented by a map of Iceland with cities in Russian.

Reykjavik

The name of the city means “smoking bay”. The capital is located on the Seltjadnarnes peninsula. The Edlidaau River is the city's waterway. It is not suitable for navigation, but is quite suitable for fishing. It is the largest city and capital of Iceland.

In the administrative division system, it belongs to the Hövüdborgarsvaidid region and has the status of a community. The population is 118,814 inhabitants.

Proximity to the Arctic Circle affects the length of daylight hours. In winter it lasts only 4 hours, and in summer there are white nights. The climate is quite favorable: winters are mild, without frost, and summers are cool. In winter, the temperature rarely drops below 10 0 C, in summer it is at + 10 / + 13 0 C. The water in the bay never freezes.

Kopavogur

The second largest city in Iceland. It is located south of Reykjavik and is a satellite city of the capital. It has the status of a community with a population of 33,045 people.

The climate is subarctic, but is moderated by the proximity of warm currents. Summer is cloudy, short, but not rainy. On a sunny day, the temperature can reach +23 0 C. There are no severe frosts in winter: night temperatures stay at -5 0 C, daytime temperatures - +2 0 C.

Hafnarfjörður

Hafnarfjörður is located 10 km from the capital. The city is located on the southwestern coast. Population: 28,085 inhabitants. It owes its name to the beautiful ice-free harbor in which the city is located. Literally translated, Hafnarfjörður means “fjord harbor”.

In winter, the temperature rarely drops below -10 0 C, in summer it stays at +10 0 C. Abrupt changes in weather conditions are common here, so snow in May does not surprise anyone. Nearby there are volcanoes, geysers, lakes with warm water that attract tourists. Small earthquakes occur.

Map of Iceland with attractions

Iceland on the world map

Iceland map detailed

Iceland map

Iceland on the world map is located in the North Atlantic Ocean. The closest countries are Norway and Greenland. A geographical map of Iceland will show that it is the second largest island in Europe. It is washed by two seas. In the east - the Norwegian Sea, in the northern part - the Greenland Sea. The capital of the country is located in the city of Reykjavik, as a modern map of Iceland will show.

There are many volcanoes on the island, most of which are active. Therefore, a detailed map of Iceland necessarily contains a mention of volcanoes. Not far from Reykjavik there is a valley of geysers, where many tourists come. A map of Iceland with attractions will help in planning excursions to natural monuments.

In addition to volcanoes and geysers, the country is famous for its fjords. They are located in the north, west and east of the island. A map of Iceland in Russian will tell tourists the location of volcanoes, geysers and numerous fjords.

Iceland is a small island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean.

The name of the country is translated as “ice country”, “land of ice”. The territory of Iceland includes the island of Iceland and several small islands located nearby.

Features of the country

This state is parliamentary republic, despite its name, does not belong to the Arctic; the climate here is moderately cool. Let's highlight a few typical for Iceland features:

, whose population is less than 200 thousand. This is where the government and parliament are located. The name of the city translates as smoky bay, which is associated with the constant fog here. This atmospheric phenomenon is observed due to the warm geysers that surround the city.

The territory of the country is divided as follows:

• Sisla, there are 23 of them (which, in turn, are divided into communes and cities)
• Urban districts.

After getting to know the state a little, we will find out where Iceland is located on the world map.

This state is located:

• In the northern hemisphere.
• On the European continent.
• In the northern part of Europe.
• On the island of Iceland.
• In the waters of the Atlantic Ocean.

On the map you can see the location of the country and the islands near the Arctic Circle.

The border is Norway and Greenland, and the northernmost point is located beyond the Arctic Circle. Iceland is washed by the waters of two seas:

• Greenlandic in the north.
• Norwegian in the east.

And it is separated from Greenland by the Gulf of Denmark.

Borders and climate of the country

This is an island state, most of which is located on a single island of the same name, so the map clearly shows that there are no land borders and cannot be. Maritime boundaries are not clear enough, Iceland's disputes are between the following states:

• Great Britain;
• Ireland;
• Denmark.

You can get to this country from Russia by plane: Direct flights from St. Petersburg to Reykjavik are carried out regularly, but only in the summer. The average cost of the flight will be 10,500 rubles, the flight duration will be 3 hours 45 minutes.

In other seasons, it is possible to fly by plane to Denmark, Norway, Scotland, and from there cross to Iceland by ferry.

The state is located on a volcanic plateau, washed by waters with the warm North Atlantic Current, therefore, despite its geographical location, the climate here cannot be called harsh. The average temperature in summer is +10°C, in winter - 10°C. However The country is characterized by strong winds.

Reykjavik attractions

Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, is economic and cultural center, the largest city in the country. It was built on a tectonic fault, so earthquakes are often observed here.

Note the most interesting sights of the city:

From entertainment for tourists here they are ready to offer rock climbing, horseback riding, safari, diving or sports speleology.

Iceland occupies a very small place on the map of Europe, but it is here that most of the active volcanoes on the planet are located. Eruptions are not uncommon here: on average, once every five years. The country has both hot thermal springs and geysers.

The most famous volcano is Hekla, which has a surprisingly regular cone shape. This is a real local attraction; thousands of tourists flock to the crater of the volcano every year.

How to get to Iceland?

To visit the island state a visa is required. It could be:

• Tourist visa, which can be obtained at the country's Consulate.
• Multiple entry Finnish visa.

To visit Iceland, you should also prepare the following documents:

The country is most often visited by guests from the USA, Germany and the UK.

Many people wonder what language is spoken here? The national language is Icelandic, having Old Norse roots. However, due to the fact that the country is separated from the mainland by ocean waters, the language has retained its originality and originality. The national currency is the crown.

Some national traditions and beliefs

The traditions of folklore are strong in this island country; many quite modern people have retained their belief in elves and trolls. The ancient Celtic traditions are still revered.

Of interest is also the celebration of the favorite holiday in the state, the New Year, during which as many as 13 Santa Clauses come to the house of each resident!

We invite you to learn some interesting facts about the country:

Iceland is an amazing world where no one will be shocked by a volcanic eruption or earthquake, and the largest cities resemble European villages. Amazing national traditions and beliefs have been preserved here, so visiting the country will be a true journey into a fairy tale.