Presentation on Philippines Geography. Philippines. Natural conditions and resources

Official name: Republic of the Philippines Located on 7,107 islands of the Philippine archipelago southeast of the Eurasian mainland. Area 300.8 thousand km2, Population 84.5 million people. The official language is Filipino; The official languages ​​are Filipino and English. The capital is Greater Manila. The monetary unit is the peso (equal to 100 centavos). Length of 1850 kilometers from north to south and 750 kilometers from east to west. The climate of the islands is tropical, monsoonal, turning into subequatorial in the south

Geographical location Located in Southeast Asia. Consists of 7,107 tropical islands in the western Pacific Ocean and eastern South China Sea, stretching 1,850 kilometers from north to south and 750 kilometers from east to west. The total length of the coastline is 36.3 thousand km.

3. Natural conditions and resources The relief mainly consists of mountains, the highest of which is Apo Volcano (2954 m) located on the island of Mindanao. The mountain ranges are of volcanic origin, since the archipelago is located at the junction of the continental and oceanic lithospheric plates and is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, characterized by increased seismicity and volcanism.

Minerals. The Philippines is one of the world's ten largest chromium producers. Also found are gold, copper, nickel, iron, lead, manganese, silver, zinc and cobalt. Coal, limestone, and raw materials for the cement industry are mined in the local depths. There is oil off the coast of Palawan Island.

Forest resources. Forests are one of the main natural resources of the country. They cover 42% of the archipelago's territory, 2/3 of the forests are of industrial importance. About half of the Philippines is covered with tropical rainforests, dominated by palm trees, rubber trees, and bamboo, orchids, and cinnamon. At an altitude of over 1200 m above sea level, shrubs grow and there are meadows.

Water resources. The longest river in the Philippines is Mindanao. Length 550 km. Agusan is located in Mindanao (300 km). Many river mouths are swampy and covered with mangroves. In Pampanga and Mindanao, deltas are formed from several branches and channels. Most rivers are shallow and navigable only by small vessels during floods. The rivers of the archipelago have significant reserves of hydropower, the use of which began only during the period of independence.

4. Climate The climate of the islands is tropical, monsoonal, turning into subequatorial in the south. Temperatures on the coast are 2428° C, in mountainous areas it is cooler. The rainy season lasts from November to April with the northeast monsoon and from May to October with the southwest monsoon. The dry season (November to April) is pronounced in western Luzon, Palawan and the Visayas.

7. Economy The most developed industries (about 35% of GNP): electronics, textiles, chemicals, woodworking, food, pharmaceuticals. The agricultural sector, including forestry and fishing, plays an important role in the economy (about 30% of GNP).

8. Transport and Communications The Philippines is often called the bridge from East to South Asia. Sea routes from Japan and China to India, Indonesia and other countries of Southeast Asia pass through the Philippines. Sea and air transport plays a key role in the life of the island state. There are 85 airports on the islands (the main ones are Manila and Mactan) and over 120 private airfields.

9. Largest islands The eleven largest islands of the archipelago: Luzon, Mindanao, Samar, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Mindoro, Leyte, Cebu, Bohol and Masbate - occupy about 96% of the country's area, with the two largest - Luzon and Mindanao - making up 2/3 of it.

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Presentation on the topic "Republic of the Philippines" on geography in powerpoint format. This presentation for schoolchildren provides interesting information about the Republic of the Philippines, its nature, climate, population, and economy.

Fragments from the presentation

Geographical position

• Located in Southeast Asia.
• Consists of 7,107 tropical islands in the western Pacific Ocean and eastern South China Sea, stretching 1,850 kilometers from north to south and 750 kilometers from east to west
• The total length of the coastline is 36.3 thousand km
• In the west, the islands are washed by the South China Sea, in the east - by the Philippine Sea, in the south - by the Sulawesi Sea, in the north, the Philippine Islands are separated from the island of Taiwan by the Bashi Strait.
• The total area of ​​the islands is 299.7 thousand km².
• The Philippine Islands border the southeast of the Eurasian continent

Natural conditions and resources

Relief.

• It mainly consists of mountains, the highest of which is Apo Volcano (2954 m) located on the island of Mindanao.
• The mountain ranges are of volcanic origin, since the archipelago is located at the junction of the continental and oceanic lithospheric plates and is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is characterized by increased seismicity and volcanism.
• There are active volcanoes in the Philippines.
• The larger islands, especially Luzon and Mindanao, have vast plains
• Deep sea trenches and volcanic islands are a distinctive feature of the Philippines. Off the coast of the island of Mindanao lies the Philippine Trench with a depth of up to 10,830 m - one of the deepest in the world's oceans.

Minerals.

• The Philippines is one of the world's ten largest chromium producers. Also found are gold, copper, nickel, iron, lead, manganese, silver, zinc and cobalt. Coal, limestone, and raw materials for the cement industry are mined in the local depths. There is oil off the coast of Palawan Island.
• Of the non-metallic minerals, the Philippines' subsoil contains sulfur, asbestos, gypsum, clays, marble, quartz sand, limestone and volcanic tuff (raw materials for cement), which are mined for domestic consumption.
• Of the combustible minerals, relatively small reserves of low-quality coal (mostly lignites) have been discovered.

Forest resources.

• Forests are one of the main natural resources of the country.
• They cover 42% of the archipelago's territory, 2/3 of the forests are of industrial importance.
• About half of the Philippines is covered with tropical rainforests, dominated by palm trees, rubber plants, and bamboo, orchids, and cinnamon.
• At an altitude of over 1200 m above sea level, shrubs grow and there are meadows.

Water resources.

• The longest river in the Philippines is Mindanao. Length 550 km.
• Agusan is located in Mindanao (300 km).
• Many river mouths are swampy and covered with mangroves. In Pampanga and Mindanao, deltas are formed from several branches and channels.
• Most rivers are shallow and navigable only by small vessels during floods.
• The rivers of the archipelago have significant reserves of hydropower, the use of which began only during the period of independence.
• Lakes in the country are small.
• Luzon is home to Bai Lake; From it flows the Pasig River, at the mouth of which is located the largest lake in the country of Manila.
• Mindanao has two large deep-sea lakes of tectonic origin - Lanao and Buluan. After construction on the Agus River, Lake Lanao is used as a natural reservoir.

Climate

• The climate of the islands is tropical, monsoon, turning into subequatorial in the south.
• Temperatures on the coast are 24-28° C, in mountainous areas it is cooler.
• The rainy season lasts from November to April with the northeast monsoon and from May to October with the southwest monsoon.
• The dry season (November to April) is pronounced in western Luzon, Palawan and the Visayas.
• The northern regions of the country are often hit by typhoons and tsunamis are possible.
• Most of the territory of the Philippines is characterized by significant moisture (over 2000 mm per year); 3500-4500 mm of precipitation falls on the windward slopes of the ridges; in intramountain valleys and on some southern islands, in some places less than 1000 mm per year

Population

• 12th in the world by population
• Population: 92 million people
• The average life expectancy of Filipinos is 71.23 years (73.6 for women and 69.8 for men).
• Annual growth - 2%
• The Philippines is a multinational state.
• The only Catholic country in Asia - 82% of its population are Catholics.
• The two official languages ​​are Pilipino (based on Tagalog) and English.
• The majority of the population (95%) are Austronesian peoples, Malays, in some places with an admixture of Chinese blood.

Economy

• The Philippines is an agrarian-industrial country.
• The most developed industries are: electronics, textiles, chemicals, woodworking, food, pharmaceuticals.
• The Philippines is the largest exporter of coconuts, bananas, rice and pineapples.
• The most important trading partners are the USA, Taiwan, Germany, Japan, Hong Kong.
• The currency is the Philippine Peso.
• Advantages: open to foreign investors.
• Growing productivity in agriculture.
• Export of bananas and pineapples.
• Significant remittances from citizens working abroad.
• Weak sides: energy problems limit development opportunities.
• Poor infrastructure.
• Due to the small volume of cash savings of citizens, dependence on foreign funds.
• Low-productivity subsistence farming.
• The Philippines is included in the group of developing countries.
• The largest economic region is Greater Manila, where about 90% of the Philippines' industrial potential is concentrated.
• World leader in copra production.
• Based on agriculture and industry.
• Structure of GDP by economic sectors: 21% agriculture, 27% industry, 52% services. Labor force employment structure: 45% agriculture, 15% industry, 40% service-related industries.

Agriculture.

• The main exports are coconut palm and agave.
• Specializes in the cultivation of rice, corn, pineapples, bananas, sugar cane, coffee, natural rubber. Fishing is underway.
• The main food crop in the Philippines is rice.
• More than 75 percent of people in the country prefer rice.

Transport and communications

• The Philippines is often called the bridge from East to South Asia.
• Sea routes from Japan and China to India, Indonesia and other countries of Southeast Asia pass through the Philippines.
• Sea and air transport plays a key role in the life of the island state.
• There are 85 airports on the islands (the main ones are Manila and Mactan) and over 120 private airfields.
• Of the more than 500 ports, about 40 accept large-displacement sea vessels. The most important port is Manila. The ports of Cebu, Davao, Iloilo and Batapgas are of great importance.
• The length of the network of trackless transport routes is approximately 100 thousand km, of which less than half have a modern road surface. On the island of Luzon, in addition to the railway routes with a total length of 740 km, an elevated railway was built in Manila.
• About 202 thousand km have been laid in the country. highways, of which 161 thousand km. falls on large islands (Mindanao, Luzon and the Visayan group of islands). The traffic is on the right.
• Intercity buses are the main means of land transportation throughout the country. Bus service is quite regular and cheap, but the speed of movement of cars is very low, especially in the vicinity of the capital.

Largest islands

• The eleven largest islands of the archipelago:
• Luzon,
• Mindanao,
• Samar, Negros,
• Palawan,
• Panay,
• Mindoro, Leyte, Cebu,
• Bohol and Masbate occupy about 96% of the country's area, with the two largest - Luzon and Mindanao - accounting for 2/3 of it.